反思与建构:白崇人的文学批评透视

白崇人是新时期以来"少数民族文学"研究的开拓者之一,他不断反思"少数民族文学"发展的历史与现状,积极探索"少数民族文学"创作的理论之路,审视当代少数民族文学的发展与走向。对"少数民族文学"概念和价值意义的重释以及他在批评实践中呈现出来的开放多元、富有创新的批评理念,成为"少数民族文学"研究领域内的重要收获。其中,民族身份和文化认同的自觉意识成为白崇人文学批评的表征模式,也展现出白崇人作为一名少数民族学者难能可贵的学术品质。     

重庆:有所为有所不为

"十一五"时期,重庆市利用少数民族发展资金扶持少数民族和民族地区项目700余个,有力地促进了少数民族和民族地区经济社会发展。"十一五"期间,市委、市政府每年安排2000万元市级少数民族发展资金,重点扶持渝东南民族地区特色产业和社会事业发展。为用好市级少数民族发展资金,     

法治文化论域下的少数民族文化保护

在少数民族地区培养法治文化需直面独具个性的民族文化,少数民族文化与法治文化存在区别与联系。一方面,就少数民族地区的法治文化而言,它以少数民族的文化为背景,保护少数民族的文化权利成为一项不容忽视的内容。另一方面,少数民族的文化保护亟需纳入法治轨道,增强少数民族的文化保护实效。尽管法治文化与少数民族文化间存在张力,但二则均体现"人本"价值,显现出"人化"与"化人"之特征。为实现少数民族的文化保护与法治文化建设,应采用"循序渐进式"、扩大"少数民族的有效参与"、健全中立的"法治文化评估"机制等,实现少数民族文化与法治文化的良性互动。     

公民身份与国家认同:我国少数民族地区的公民教育实践

我国少数民族地区公民教育实践说明,公民教育要紧密结合少数民族传统文化的精髓,爱国主义教育要密切联系少数民族的历史教育和中华民族悠久的历史知识教育,使民族群众了解、熟悉我国这样一个多民族国家悠久、辉煌的历史,从而将他们对本民族的认同意识与国家认同、公民身份认同协调、统一起来.这种做法既能有效激发少数民族的国家认同感和主人翁意识,也使得少数民族的传统文化、历史和地方性知识不致断裂、消失.现阶段,在我国的民族教育和民族文化发展观上,坚持"求同存异、兼容并包"和"多元一体、多样性共存"的发展方向和思路,不断探索和发展"中华民族多元一体"的教育体系及其理论.     

论少数民族人权的特殊保护——从国际人权立法与实践视角

对于少数民族人权的保护,国际和区际人权保护中一般都采取了"一般人权" "特别保护"模式。而特殊保护又包括"特殊权利 特殊保护措施(狭义特殊保护)"的模式。系统地认识国际人权立法与实践中的少数民族特殊保护措施,对我国少数民族人权保护有着重要的借鉴意义。本文拟对少数民族人权狭义特殊保护从其内涵、特征、内容、限度等方面展开论述。     

学习五中全会精神认真谋划黑龙江省少数民族和民族地区"十一五"经济社会发展大计--学习中共十六届五中全会精神体会

本文认为,中共十六届五中全会精神对指导"十一五"期间黑龙江省少数民族和民族地区发展具有重要意义,要以五中全会精神为指导,制定好黑龙江省少数民族"十一五"专项规划,抓住机遇,推进少数民族和民族地区经济社会全面协调可持续发展,保证全面实现少数民族和民族地区"十一五"规划目标.     

扶贫开发与少数民族文化——以少数民族主体性讨论为核心

少数民族扶贫、减贫方略及效果与如何认识少数民族及其文化有着至关重要的联系。将少数民族扶贫、减贫工作与少数民族文化资源的利用联系起来,利用少数民族文化资源摆脱贫困局面,已经成为人们的共识。但因对少数民族在扶贫和文化发展中的主体性认识不足,导致所谓的"文化扶贫"在一定程度上陷入僵局。本文力求对中国贫困研究的现有认识和话语进行富有挑战性的理论辨析,突显少数民族主体性的重要性,并对相关实践原则进行探索,以有助于在反思中明确思路,应对挑战。     

第四届全国少数民族文艺会演文化价值的展望与建议

本文论述了全国少数民族文艺会演作为国家级民族文化品牌的文化价值,阐释了全国少数民族文艺会演作为国家级民族文化品牌的文化使命,并对面临着全球化挑战和"文化强国"双重语境下的全国少数民族文艺会演的发展,提出"思想统帅、高举旗帜、推进改革、周密策划、延展影响"五个方面的建议。     

少数民族文化繁荣发展的新局面——访国家民委文化宣传司司长武翠英

记者:党的十七大以来,推动文化大发展大繁荣成为我国文化建设的主题。请问,党和国家采取了哪些举措促进少数民族文化的发展繁荣?武翠英:少数民族文化是中华文化的重要组成部分,推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣,必然包括推动少数民族文化大发展大繁荣。新中国成立以来,党和政府高度重视民族文化工作,采取一系列有力政策措施,不断推动少数民族文化繁荣发展。一是制定相关法律法规和政策,保障和支持少数民族文化事业发展。国家在《民族区域自治法》等一系列法律法规上明确支持少数民族文化的保护和发展。国家在编制和实施"十一五"、"十二五"文化发展规划纲要以及少数民族事业规划当中,明确加大对少数民族文化事业发展的支持力度。2009     

关于少数民族人口流动模式多样性的思考——基于对彝族、回族、撒拉族和壮族的调查

改革开放后,大量来自中西部经济欠发达地区的少数民族流动人员前往东部经济发达地区务工经商,从而出现了规模化的少数民族人口流动和迁移现象。根据珠三角四川、云南彝族务工人员,青海海东回族和撒拉族"拉面经济"从业人员、广西德保壮族务工人员的田野调查表明,传统"推拉力"移民理论和"理性经济人"概念难以对少数民族人口流动模式的多样性和复杂性进行深描,流动人员的民族类属也是其中重要的影响因素。     

The Socioeconomic Attainments of Non-immigrant Cambodian, Filipino, Hmong, Laotian, Thai, and Vietnamese Americans

Using recent American Community Survey data, this study investigates socioeconomic attainments of six ethnic groups of Southeast Asian Americans. Findings show that the educational attainment of Filipinos, Vietnamese, and Thai is higher than that of whites, while the educational attainment of Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians is lower than that of whites. Regarding earnings, Southeast Asian American women are generally not disadvantaged relative to white women, but Southeast Asian American men tend to have lower earnings than white men after controlling for education and other demographic factors such as age, metropolitan residence, and region. We conclude that Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians are the most disadvantaged groups among Southeast Asian Americans and that most Southeast Asian American male groups tend to be at least slightly disadvantaged in the labor market at least after controlling for metropolitan residence and region.     

革命,民族,现代性——关于中共陕甘宁边区政府回族干部的考论

抗日战争时期,在团结抗日的目标条件下,群众团体成为中国社会各阶层的动员和组织的重要形式。在众多回族抗日群众团体中,成立于1938年的中国回民救国协会是影响深远的回族群众团体,为了更好地动员和团结各民族,1940年在延安成立了第一个少数民族抗日群众团体—延安回民救国协会,同年还成立了中国回民救国协会陕甘宁分会。通过对延安回民救国协会的观察和研究,以及对回族基层干部的关注,可以了解到回族基层干部主要是中共中央基层组织培养和教育的结果。本文以金浪白和马文良为例,研究他们的经历、参加中国革命的契机,以及他们在中国共产党回族政策中的作用。此外,通过对其他回族干部来源调查,研究中国共产党如何选拔录用回族干部,并与鄂豫皖根据地选拔与录用干部方式的加以比较,探讨回族干部选拔录取方式的特点,提出有关回族妇女干部的新观点。     

Islam,Moderation, Radicalism,and Justly Balanced Communities

If media outlets and political rhetoric are to be believed, then the way to counter “radical” Islam is through “moderate” Islam. Seemingly, “moderate” Islam is that which “radical” Islam is not. In appointing “moderate” Islam as an antidote to “radical” Islam, the implication is that, conceptually at least, the two terms are contradistinctive. Yet, while much is, perceivably, known about “radical” Islam, with its associated ills of an unequivocal Islamic worldview, very little attention has been afforded to this signifier, “moderate”. Inasmuch as this term is bandied around, even scholars of Islam will acknowledge that, within Islamic education, understandings of and debates on conceptions of moderation, and moderate Muslim communities, have been somewhat overlooked. What, therefore, is a “moderate” Islam? What is a “moderate” Muslim community and how would it act? What are the implications for a “moderate” community in relation to pluralist societies? And, can such a “moderate” community offer a practical response not only to “radical” Islam, but, perhaps, more importantly, to increasingly antagonistic, liberal contexts?     

Migration,masculinity, and family

Previous studies of migration, family, and gender have shown that migration is not only an event that changes family life, the change itself is a gendered process. How migrant women develop strategies to cope with challenges posed by either their own migration or their husbands’ migration has been widely studied. However, how migrant men adjust and change their care practices and domestic roles to accommodate challenges brought about by migration to their family lives has not been as extensively explored. Using interview data gathered from male rural-to-urban migrant workers in South China, this paper fills this gap by studying male migrants’ agency and masculinity through the concept of masculine compromise. Masculine compromise delineates how migrant men strive to respond to changing family circumstances triggered by migration while maintaining the gender boundaries that underpin their dominance within the family. As a concept, masculine compromise underscores the material impact of migration on gender practices and family life; and the limited effect it has on gender attitudes and identity. Masculine compromise provides a feminist lens to analyse the complex effect of migration on changing masculinity and gender relationships within the family.     

Race, Genetic Ancestry, and Health

Knowledge from human genetic research continuously challenges the notion that race and biology are inextricably linked, with implications across biomedical and public health disciplines. However, biomedical research continues to explore health and disease under a racial framework ignoring and at times confounding the identification of true biological and/or environmental risk factors. Within this article, we present a brief overview of the use of race in biomedical research and studies of human genome variation and how genetic ancestry may help us understand health disparities. We believe that the casual use of “race” to define groups in biomedical research has contributed to our limited understanding of complex disease etiology and risk factors driving health disparities.     

Bushfire catastrophe in Victoria,Australia: public record,accountability, commemoration,memorialization and heritage protection

In Australia, 7 February 2009 has become known as ‘Black Saturday’ because of the bushfire catastrophe that took 173 lives and devastated communities in the central parts of the State of Victoria. The paper considers how the 2009 fires have been recorded, how the issue of accountability has been dealt with, particularly in relation to the State and its agencies but also individual residents in the fire-devastated areas, and how bushfire deaths and other losses have been commemorated through remembrance events and museum collection projects and memorialized through the creation of new monuments and the protection of remaining physical structures as official heritage. Despite the major impact of bushfires on the State, to date few bushfire-related places have been protected. The former Cockatoo Kindergarten, which acted as a community refuge during an earlier catastrophic Victorian bushfire on Ash Wednesday, 16 February 1983, is an exception. Inscribed in 2012, the former kindergarten is the only bushfire-related place inscribed on the Victorian Heritage Register, in this case for its historical and social value as a place resonating with other communities affected by other bushfires and helping the broader Victorian public to come to terms with bushfire catastrophe. But, while bushfire commemoration activities and physical memorials, like those relating to war, help many societies remember individual and community pain and suffering, they can divert attention from the more fundamental questions of why they were there in the first place and what must be done to ensure the same catastrophe does not recur in the future. In this regard, the paper questions the oft-cited claim that bushfires are embedded in the Australian psyche, seeing links between the rhetoric around bushfire survival and Australian myth-making and nation-building.     

Colorful Reflections: Skin Tone,Reflected Race,and Perceived Discrimination among Blacks,Latinxs, and Whites

Race and Social Problems - How do Black, Latinx, and White people who believe they are mistaken as a member of another racial group perceive the amount of racial discrimination they experience, and...     

论"民族"(上)

本文标题中列出的一连串概念 -术语 ,成为目前处于社会科学各学科 (从民族学到哲学 )关注中心的一组问题。С·Е·雷巴科夫的佳作———《民族的哲学》① ———是对民族问题(этнонациональнаяпроБлематика)进行哲学思考的鲜明实例。这部著作以其对于至今仍然是争论对象的现象 ( феномен)的独到见解而著称 ,因为它 (指现象———译者 )是如此自相矛盾和形态多样 ,以至无论怎样也不想去硬套某种理论或观念。《民族的哲学》的作者在分析有关民族问题的大量著作的过程中采用了另外一种科学方法 ,我深信 ,…     

Enoch Powell,empires, immigrants and education

2018 marks the 50th anniversary of Enoch Powell’s infamous ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech, an intervention that is still viewed as one of the most incendiary statements of the perceived decay and violence likely to follow legislation intended to assure minoritised British citizens of equal rights regardless of their ethnic origin. In this essay, Sally Tomlinson (one of Britain’s foremost multicultural theorists) reflects on Powell’s legacy and the contemporary scene where in the US, UK and across Europe, White resentment and fear is increasingly shaping ‘mainstream’ debates about nationhood, migration and education.