部分线性可加变量含误差模型的估计

作为可加模型和部分线性模型的推广,部分线性可加模型是一类应用广泛的半参数模型。文章主要讨论了当线性部分的协变量测量含误差时模型的估计问题,我们基于profile全最小二乘法构造了参数分量和模型误差方差的估计,并证明了估计量的渐近正态性。     

纵向数据下半参数回归模型估计的渐近性质

文章考虑纵向数据下半参数回归模型Yij=XTijβ g(Tij) εij,利用Profile加权最小二乘法和局部线性拟合方法建立了模型中参数分量β和非参数分量g(·)的估计量。在适当的条件下,给出了估计量的渐近性质。     

双重抽样框下项目无回答插补估计方法研究

抽样调查工作中无回答情形不可避免,双重抽样框下亦如此,因此需要对双重抽样框下抽样调查项目无回答造成的估计量偏差进行纠偏校正。首先通过二重抽样获取辅助变量的信息,使用其构造比率估计量与比率型指数估计量的组合估计量对双重抽样框下抽样调查中项目无回答数据进行插补,得到对应各部分子总体的均值估计,再用Hartley估计量的形式对总体总值进行估计。通过计算估计量偏差、均方误差及最优权重系数,对比相同条件下完全回答时同类型组合估计量均方误差的相对精度损失与使用单一比率型指数估计量的相对精度损失,随机模拟结果显示损失率较低,插补方法有效。选择合适的辅助变量构造比率估计量和比率型指数估计量的组合估计量做插补值,更充分利用辅助变量和已回答研究变量信息,基于提出的组合估计量于抽样调查工作具有一定的应用价值。     

部分线性变系数模型的Backfitting约束估计

作为部分线性模型与变系数模型的推广,部分线性变系数模型是一类应用广泛的半参数模型.文章主要研究该模型线性部分存在约束条件下的估计和检验问题,首先基于backfitting方法给出了常数系数以及变系数部分的约束估计,其次构造了检验统计量用于检验约束条件.     

含缺失数据的半参数模型的稳健估计

文章在响应变量随机缺失下,基于分位数回归研究了半参数模型的稳健估计问题。首先基于B样条基函数近似技术,将模型非参数函数的估计问题转化为样条系数向量估计问题;其次,在响应变量随机缺失下,提出了一种新的插补方法,对缺失的响应变量进行多重插补;再次,基于插补后的数据集,构造出新的分位数目标函数,得到模型非参数函数以及参数向量的稳健估计;最后给出了有效算法计算多重插补估计量。通过模拟研究验证了所提方法的有效性和稳健性。     

局部平稳部分线性面板数据模型的统计推断

部分线性模型是一类非常重要的半参数回归模型,由于它既含有参数部分又含有非参数部分,与常规的线性模型相比具有更强的适应性和解释能力。文章研究带有局部平稳协变量的固定效应部分线性面板数据模型的统计推断。首先提出一个两阶段估计方法得到模型中未知参数和非参数函数的估计,并证明估计量的渐近性质,然后运用不变原理构造出非参数函数的一致置信带,最后通过数值模拟研究和实例分析验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于局部多项式回归方法的抽样估计

在辅助信息可利用的情况下,文章研究了有限总体总值的估计问题。首先回顾了Horvitz-Thompson估计量和广义回归估计量;然后指出当辅助变量与研究变量不满足经典线性回归模型假设时,可建立非参数回归模型,运用局部多项式回归估计的方法进行估计;最后,引入了一个实际例子,并对估计结果进行了比较。     

仅自变量可重复观测的变系数线性结构型EV模型的参数估计

文章研究了仅自变量可重复观测的变系数线性结构型EV模型,利用重复观测数据和局部加权的方法,构造了模型参数的估计量,并证明了在一定条件下估计量是相合估计。     

混合类型辅助变量下模型校准抽样估计研究

在超总体模型中,一般用于构建模型的辅助变量多为连续型变量,对混合类型辅助变量的模型研究较少.为了同时利用与研究变量相关的连续型和离散型辅助变量的信息,本文提出在模型校准的框架下,利用非参数核回归方法,得到混合类型辅助变量下的模型校准估计量.研究证明,该估计量是渐进设计无偏、设计一致和渐进正态的,并给出了估计量的方差和方差的估计量.数值模拟的结果显示,本文在总体回归函数为线性和非线性的情况下,估计效果均有所提高.此外,通过CLHLS数据的验证也表明该估计量的效果优于仅利用连续型辅助变量的估计量.     

基于半参数方法的模型辅助抽样估计研究

在总结现有模型辅助估计方法的基础上,本文通过构造一种半参数超总体模型,同时结合广义差分估计思想提出一种新型的模型辅助估计量。该估计量比传统的非参数和半参数回归估计利用更少、更易得到的辅助信息,即只需利用和广义回归估计相同的辅助信息,但一般会比广义回归估计拥有更高的估计精度。理论证明了该估计量是渐近设计无偏和设计一致的,其渐近设计均方误差为广义差分估计量的方差。模拟结果显示：其至少与广义回归估计一样好;对于线性程度越低的超总体模型,其估计精度比广义回归估计有越明显的提高;就本文模拟而言,光滑参数在0.04～0.12间适当取值时其会取到相对较好的估计效果。     

Estimation and inference for varying coefficient partially nonlinear models

In this paper, we extend the varying coefficient partially linear model to the varying coefficient partially nonlinear model in which the linear part of the varying coefficient partially linear model is replaced by a nonlinear function of the covariates. A profile nonlinear least squares estimation procedure for the parameter vector and the coefficient function vector of the varying coefficient partially nonlinear model is proposed and the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are established. We further propose a generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) test to check whether or not the varying coefficients in the model are constant. The asymptotic null distribution of the GLR statistic is derived and a residual-based bootstrap procedure is also suggested to derive the p-value of the GLR test. Some simulations are conducted to assess the performance of the proposed estimating and testing procedures and the results show that both the procedures perform well in finite samples. Furthermore, a real data example is given to demonstrate the application of the proposed model and its estimating and testing procedures.     

Inferences for a Partially Varying Coefficient Model With Endogenous Regressors

In this article, we propose a new class of semiparametric instrumental variable models with partially varying coefficients, in which the structural function has a partially linear form and the impact of endogenous structural variables can vary over different levels of some exogenous variables. We propose a three-step estimation procedure to estimate both functional and constant coefficients. The consistency and asymptotic normality of these proposed estimators are established. Moreover, a generalized F-test is developed to test whether the functional coefficients are of particular parametric forms with some underlying economic intuitions, and furthermore, the limiting distribution of the proposed generalized F-test statistic under the null hypothesis is established. Finally, we illustrate the finite sample performance of our approach with simulations and two real data examples in economics.     

Estimation and inference for varying coefficient partially nonlinear errors-in-variables models

In this article, we study the varying coefficient partially nonlinear model with measurement errors in the nonparametric part. A local corrected profile nonlinear least-square estimation procedure is proposed and the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are established. Further, a generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) statistic is proposed to test whether the varying coefficients are constant. The asymptotic null distribution of the statistic is obtained and a residual-based bootstrap procedure is employed to compute the p-value of the statistic. Some simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods. The results show that the estimating and testing procedures work well in finite samples.     

Statistical inference on partial linear additive models with distortion measurement errors

We consider statistical inference for partial linear additive models (PLAMs) when the linear covariates are measured with errors and distorted by unknown functions of commonly observable confounding variables. A semiparametric profile least squares estimation procedure is proposed to estimate unknown parameter under unrestricted and restricted conditions. Asymptotic properties for the estimators are established. To test a hypothesis on the parametric components, a test statistic based on the difference between the residual sums of squares under the null and alternative hypotheses is proposed, and we further show that its limiting distribution is a weighted sum of independent standard chi-squared distributions. A bootstrap procedure is further proposed to calculate critical values. Simulation studies are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed procedure and a real example is analyzed for an illustration.     

Robust pairwise multiple comparisons under short-tailed symmetric distributions

In one-way ANOVA, most of the pairwise multiple comparison procedures depend on normality assumption of errors. In practice, errors have non-normal distributions so frequently. Therefore, it is very important to develop robust estimators of location and the associated variance under non-normality. In this paper, we consider the estimation of one-way ANOVA model parameters to make pairwise multiple comparisons under short-tailed symmetric (STS) distribution. The classical least squares method is neither efficient nor robust and maximum likelihood estimation technique is problematic in this situation. Modified maximum likelihood (MML) estimation technique gives the opportunity to estimate model parameters in closed forms under non-normal distributions. Hence, the use of MML estimators in the test statistic is proposed for pairwise multiple comparisons under STS distribution. The efficiency and power comparisons of the test statistic based on sample mean, trimmed mean, wave and MML estimators are given and the robustness of the test obtained using these estimators under plausible alternatives and inlier model are examined. It is demonstrated that the test statistic based on MML estimators is efficient and robust and the corresponding test is more powerful and having smallest Type I error.     

Robust Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Linear Contrasts in Analysis of Covariance with Stochastic Covariates

Estimators of parameters are derived by using the method of modified maximum likelihood (MML) estimation when the distribution of covariate X and the error e are both non-normal in a simple analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model. We show that our estimators are efficient. We also develop a test statistic for testing a linear contrast and show that it is robust. We give a real life example.     

Partially functional linear varying coefficient model

In this paper, we introduce a new partially functional linear varying coefficient model, where the response is a scalar and some of the covariates are functional. By means of functional principal components analysis and local linear smoothing techniques, we obtain the estimators of coefficient functions of both function-valued variable and real-valued variables. Then the rates of convergence of the proposed estimators and the mean squared prediction error are established under some regularity conditions. Moreover, we develop a hypothesis test for the model and employ the bootstrap procedure to evaluate the null distribution of test statistic and the p-value of the test. At last, we illustrate the finite sample performance of our methods with some simulation studies and a real data application.     

Statistic inference for a single-index ARCH-M model

For a single-index autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (ARCH-M) model, estimators of the parametric and non parametric components are proposed by the profile likelihood method. The research results had shown that all the estimators have consistency and the parametric estimators have asymptotic normality. We extend this line of research by deriving the asymptotic normality of the non parametric estimator. Based on the asymptotic properties, we propose Wald statistic and generalized likelihood ratio statistic to investigate the testing problems for ARCH effect and goodness of fit, respectively. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate the finite-sample performance of the proposed estimation methodology and testing procedure.     

An analysis of pulsation periods of long period variable stars

Summary.  We report the results of a period change analysis of time series observations for 378 pulsating variable stars. The null hypothesis of no trend in expected periods is tested for each of the stars. The tests are non-parametric in that potential trends are estimated by local linear smoothers. Our testing methodology has some novel features. First, the null distribution of a test statistic is defined to be the distribution that results in repeated sampling from a population of stars. This distribution is estimated by means of a bootstrap algorithm that resamples from the collection of 378 stars. Bootstrapping in this way obviates the problem that the conditional sampling distribution of a statistic, given a particular star, may depend on unknown parameters of that star. Another novel feature of our test statistics is that one-sided cross-validation is used to choose the smoothing parameters of the local linear estimators on which they are based. It is shown that doing so results in tests that are tremendously more powerful than analogous tests that are based on the usual version of cross-validation. The positive false discovery rate method of Storey is used to account for the fact that we simultaneously test 378 hypotheses. We ultimately find that 56 of the 378 stars have changes in mean pulsation period that are significant when controlling the positive false discovery rate at the 5% level.     

随机效应空间滞后单指数面板模型

对随机效应空间滞后单指数面板模型,本文构建了该模型的截面极大似然估计方法,从理论证明和数值模拟两方面分别考察了其估计量的大样本性质和小样本表现。研究结果表明:(1)在大样本条件下,估计量均具有一致性,并且参数估计量具有渐近正态性。(2)在小样本条件下,各估计量依然具有良好的表现,其精度随着样本容量的增加而提高;空间权重矩阵结构的复杂性对空间相关系数的估计量影响较大,但对其他估计量的影响较小。