共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Wen-Jen Tsay 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(4):749-767
The social status and well-being of political immigrants’ children are seldom touched upon in literature. This paper focuses on the impact of refugee experience on the relative educational attainment of second-generation immigrants in Taiwan. In contrast with the results in van Ours and Veenman (J Popul Econ 16(4):739–753, 2003) and Riphahn (J Popul Econ 16(4):711–737, 2003) who showed that second-generation immigrants lag behind their native counterparts, this paper’s principle finding is that the father’s immigration status can help his children achieve a higher educational qualification than native Taiwanese after controlling the relevant determinants of educational attainment, including parental background and the neighborhood where the interviewee grows up. In addition, women born in the earlier cohort benefit more by their fathers’ immigration status than their male counterparts do. However, Taiwanese schooling advances across generations are impressive, whereby the gap in schooling attainment between second-generation immigrants and native Taiwanese is found to decline over time.
相似文献
Wen-Jen TsayEmail: Fax: +886-2-27853946 |
2.
Dirk Willenbockel 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(3):609-622
The article reconsiders the implications of the choice of pure social time preference for intergenerational equity in the
presence of a time-consistent utilitarian social welfare criterion. The analytic framework is a setting with overlapping generations,
lifetime uncertainty, population growth and technical progress. The analysis identifies upper and lower bounds for the feasible
range of social discount rates and draws a corresponding distinction between “gerontocratic” and “Stalinist” optimal plans.
The paper corrects a number of inaccurate propositions in a related earlier contribution by Marini and Scaramozzino (2000) to this journal.
相似文献
Dirk WillenbockelEmail: |
3.
Personal Values as Mitigating Factors in the Link Between Income and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from the European Social Survey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using data from the first two rounds of the European Social Survey, we examine the link between income, reference income and
life satisfaction across Western Europe. We find that whilst there is a strong positive relationship between income and life
satisfaction, reference or comparison income exerts a strong negative influence. Interestingly, our results confirm the importance
of personal values and beliefs not only as predictors of subjective well-being, but also as mitigating factors in the relationship
between income, reference income and life satisfaction. While our findings provide additional empirical support for the relative
utility hypothesis, they are also consistent with Rojas’ (J Econ Psychol 28:1–14, 2007) Conceptual-Referent-Theory (CRT), which is based on the premise that the salience of income and comparison income depends on one’s intrinsic values
and personal beliefs.
相似文献
Yannis GeorgellisEmail: |
4.
Empirically, mental health and mental illness are not opposite ends of a single measurement continuum. In view of this fact,
Keyes (J Health Soc Behav, 43:207–202, 2002) operationalizes mental health as a syndrome of symptoms of both positive feelings (emotional well-being) and positive functioning
(psychological and social well-being) in life. In his comprehensive model, the presence of mental health is described as flourishing
in life, and the absence of mental health is characterized as languishing in life. The aim of this study was to investigate
the discriminatory power of Big Five personality traits in discriminating among the levels of mental health continuum using
an Iranian university student sample. Findings revealed that respondents with different levels of mental health differed significantly
on four of the five personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness). All in all, the
results of this study converged with prior findings about the importance of Big Five personality traits in predicting well-being.
相似文献
Mohsen JoshanlooEmail: |
5.
Gil S. Epstein 《Journal of population economics》2007,20(3):707-715
This paper considers an economic analysis of intergenerational transition of ethnic and social trait. We consider the level
of social traits chosen by parents and its effect on their children’s choice of ethnic and social traits when reaching adulthood.
We develop a theory that suggests that parents will chose extreme ethnic and social traits to increase the cost that their
children will pay if they wish to deviate from their parents’ “ideal.” The extreme choice of the ethnic social traits of parents
has an effect on the segregation of minorities and migrants.
相似文献
Gil S. EpsteinEmail: |
6.
Environmentally Responsible Happy Nation Index: Towards an Internationally Acceptable National Success Indicator 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yew-Kwang Ng 《Social indicators research》2008,85(3):425-446
Amidst increasing attention to happiness studies by economists, the New Economics Foundation launched in July 2006 the Happy
Planet Index (Marks et al. 2006). This is the ratio of the average happy life years (HLY) to the per capita ecological footprint of the country concerned.
HLY is in turn the product of the average happiness (or life satisfaction) index and the life expectancy index. Some essential
revisions to this index are proposed to reach an internationally acceptable national success indicator that aims positively
at long and happy lives but negatively at the external costs of environmental disruption. Hopefully, this ‘environmentally
responsible happy nation index’ will lead to some re-orientation of both the market and national governments towards something
more fundamentally valuable.
相似文献
Yew-Kwang NgEmail: |
7.
The cohort is a key concept in the study of social demography and social change. The enduring influence of cohort membership
can arise from history-based and/or size-based effects. The most prominent proponent of size-based cohort effects is Easterlin
(Birth and fortune: The impact of numbers on personal welfare, 1980) who argues that individuals hailing from unusually large cohorts will experience adverse labor market conditions relative
to the members of the smaller cohorts that bracket them. Drawing on data from the March Current Population Survey for the
period spanning 1974–2004, we examine the influence of relative cohort size on underemployment. The results provide modest
support for the Easterlin thesis, showing the odds of underemployment to be greatest among members of relatively large cohorts,
net of other significant predictors. The results also show that the impact of relative cohort size differs by educational
level, suggesting that adverse economic conditions produced by large cohort size can be offset by broader changes in the labor
market and other social institutions.
相似文献
Leif JensenEmail: |
8.
John Ermisch 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(4):827-853
The paper presents a model of a non-resident father’s child support and contact with his child, which combines the public
good treatment of “child quality” with “trade” in father–child contact time in a setting of non-cooperative interaction. It
predicts that father’s income and mother’s non-labour income should have exactly the same effect on the frequency of father–child
contact if he chooses to make lump sum payments to the mother. If he does not or there is a binding child support payment
order, they have effects opposite in direction. A higher binding support order reduces father–child contact but may well raise
“child quality”.
相似文献
John ErmischEmail: |
9.
Temporary Employment and Social Inequality in Canada: Exploring Intersections of Gender, Race and Immigration Status 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using data from the 2002–2004 waves of Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this article investigates the consequences of
different types of temporary employment—fixed-term or contract, casual, agency and seasonal employment—for differently situated
workers in Canada. Attention to intersecting social locations of gender, race and immigrant status helps capture the complex
implications of temporary work for inequality. In particular, it highlights the salience of gender relations in shaping workers’
experience of insecurity in different types of temporary employment.
相似文献
Leah F. VoskoEmail: |
10.
In this paper, the data from the multi-purpose survey on household “Time Use” conducted by Istat (the Italian National Statistical
Institute) in 2002–2003 and the data from this same survey conducted in 1988–1989 will be analysed with the purpose of describing
the fathers’ daily participation in the domestic activities and of highlighting the changes that have taken place during the
14 years elapsed between the two survey editions. The analysis will be carried out using standard time-use data analysis’
tool, time budget tables and by applying a multi-variate regression model with the objective of separating the relative contribution
of the behavioural and structural factors to explain the variation observed.
相似文献
Dario BruzzeseEmail: |
11.
Maria Gutiérrez-Domènech 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):83-110
This paper investigates how education and the labour market affect Spanish individual decisions on the timing of marriage
and births, using a Cox hazard approach. It disentangles men and women, and two groups, Cohort 1945–1960 and Cohort 1961–1977.
Results show that female employment delays marriage in Cohort 1945–1960, but it has a reverse effect in Cohort 1961–1977.
We also find evidence that employment is a barrier for family formation since employed women postpone births in both cohorts.
The precarious Spanish labour markets, captured by female unemployment rates, delay family formation, especially by putting
off marriage. Male unemployment, at the individual level, impacts negatively on fertility only through delaying marriage.
相似文献
Maria Gutiérrez-DomènechEmail: |
12.
In this paper, we analyze determinants of marital dissolution, focusing on the alleged influences from public transfers, child
allowance, and child support awards. We use a Norwegian panel of 2,806 couples with information on public and private transfers
in cases of divorce. The sample was observed over a 5-year period, with the purpose of registering marital dissolution. We
find that the level of transfers has a significantly positive effect on divorce probability and that the distribution of transfers
in favor of the wife increases this probability. Our findings are consistent with noncooperative family models allowing for
inefficient outcomes.
相似文献
Kjell Vaage (Corresponding author)Email: |
13.
This is an attempt to measure human well being across different sections of the society in India over time where sections
have been made in terms of ten decile groups of income. In this context, the extent to which rural sector is lagging behind
the urban sector is another dimension of the study. The study uses grouped household data, collected and made available by
National Sample Survey Organisation between 1987–1988 and 1999–2000. The inter decile group analysis does not show parity
in the attainment levels of the individual indicators of human well being, although an overall systematic inter temporal betterment
for each decile group is very clear. Rural–urban gaps in terms of attainment of these indicators is also not so small.
相似文献
Saswati DasEmail: |
14.
K. S. Kavi Kumar Maithili Ramachandran Brinda Viswanathan 《Social indicators research》2009,90(3):365-380
Weight-for-squared height or body mass index (BMI) is often considered as an effective predictor of morbidity and mortality
rates. This study uses BMI data from a sample of ever-married women in the age group of 15–49 years in the North Indian state
of Uttar Pradesh for the year 1998–1999, to analyse the determinants of chronic energy deficiency (CED) and estimate the population
vulnerable to CED. The results highlight that CED rates and vulnerability rates can be very different, emphasizing need for
policy intervention to focus on ‘potential’ CED persons. The characteristics of vulnerable population identified would be
appropriate channels for policy intervention.
相似文献
K. S. Kavi KumarEmail: |
15.
Patricio Solís Thomas W. Pullum Jenifer Bratter 《Population research and policy review》2007,26(3):279-298
This paper reviews changes in homogamy by migration status and educational level in Monterrey, Mexico, through the analysis
of marriage patterns for two cohorts of men born in 1905–1934 and 1940–1969. Results show a significant increase in educational
homogamy, as well as in homogamy by rural origins. The changes suggest that education has played an increasingly important
role in the process of mate selection, although certain particularistic characteristics, such as being a rural immigrant,
are still important in marriage formation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for
the relationship between homogamy and social stratification.
相似文献
Patricio SolísEmail: |
16.
Using public-use microdata samples from the American Community Survey, we find that Middle Eastern Arab men and Afghan, Iranian,
and Pakistani men experienced a significant earnings decline relative to non-Hispanic whites between 2000 and 2002. Further
analyses based on the Juhn–Murphy–Pierce wage decomposition technique as well as quantile regression indicate that this earnings
decline is not explained by changes in the structure of wages or in observable characteristics beyond ethnicity. Our interpretation
is that the unanticipated events of September 11th, 2001 negatively affected the labor-market income of the groups most closely
associated with the ethnicity of the terrorists.
相似文献
Marie T. MoraEmail: |
17.
In a recent paper, Manning et al. (Popul Res Policy Rev 23:135–139, 2004) examine the stability of marital and cohabiting
unions from the perspective of children and find that children born to cohabiting parents are more likely to experience a
parental separation than children born to married parents. They find, further, that subsequent marriage among cohabiting parents
is associated with increases in the stability of these families, particularly among whites. We rely on the same data, the
1995 National Survey of Family Growth, to extend their findings. Our empirical results complement Manning et al.’s by modeling
four distinct trajectories of cohabitation and marriage around the time of the first birth and by comparing the dissolution
risks associated with each. We focus particular attention on the stability of cohabiting couples who marry before a first
birth and those who marry after a first birth. For these couples, we find that the ordering of cohabitation, marriage, and
childbirth is not associated with union stability, and we interpret this to suggest that many cohabiting couples jointly plan
marriage and childbirth.
相似文献
Kelly MusickEmail: |
18.
The focus of this paper is on a microeconomic analysis of the annual transition rate from temporary to permanent work of individual
workers in Canada for the period 1999–2004. Given that a large proportion of temporary employment is involuntary, an understanding
of the factors associated with the transition to permanent work may inform public policy. Factors associated with the transition,
namely, human capital, household structures and labour market segmentation are analyzed using data from the Statistics Canada’s
Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) for the period 1999–2004, limited to paid workers aged 20–64 years, excluding students. Among the key factors associated
with the transitions are younger age and low unemployment rates. The analysis adds to the Canadian and international literature
on transitions from temporary to permanent work.
相似文献
Fiona MacPhailEmail: |
19.
A single latent variable model of health status and therapeutic health care utilization is estimated for parents and own children
of 6,557 US households. The equation system that identifies latent health status simultaneously determines a number of indicators
of general health, including presence of morbidity symptoms, mobility limitations, medication needs, and utilization of therapeutic
health care services. The main goal of the paper was to obtain an unbiased estimate of parents’ marginal substitution rate
between own and child health. Results indicate that parents’ valuation of their children’s health exceeds their valuation
of own health by almost twofold on average.
相似文献
Thomas D. CrockerEmail: |
20.
Labor market institutions and demographic employment patterns 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Giuseppe Bertola Francine D. Blau Lawrence M. Kahn 《Journal of population economics》2007,20(4):833-867
We study collective bargaining’s effect on relative employment for youth, women, and older individuals. Our model of collective
wage setting predicts that unionization reduces employment more for groups with relatively elastic labor supply: youth, older
individuals, and women. We test this implication using data from 17 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD) countries over the 1960–1996 period. We find that time-varying indicators of unionization decrease the employment–population
ratio of young and older individuals relative to the prime-aged, and of prime-aged women relative to prime-aged men, and unionization
raises the unemployment rate of prime-aged women and, possibly, young men compared to prime-aged men.
相似文献
Lawrence M. Kahn (Corresponding author)Email: |