京津冀旅游业协同发展的理论框架与优化方向

旅游业协同发展是京津冀协同发展的重要抓手。从发展要素、旅游系统和主体关系视角出发，提出了京津冀旅游业协同发展的理论框架，认为应从客源市场系统、出行系统、目的地系统和支持系统四个方面构建旅游系统，依据合作、补偿及一体化等协调方式来构建京津冀旅游的多层次主体关系。当前，三地旅游业协同发展中存在着差异化定位尚不明确、旅游产品开发不平衡、交通一体化机制尚未完善等问题。需要持续优化旅游产品供给，建立便捷直通的区域旅游交通网络和立体化的旅游咨询服务网络，优化入境旅游及过境免签服务，重点推进长城与大运河国家文化公园等领域的协调开发，从而纵深推进京津冀旅游业协同高质量发展。     

北京市旅游安全保障现状及对策分析

旅游安全事故的突发性、客观存在性、复杂性、紧迫性及其影响的重大性,使得旅游安全成为保障旅游活动正常进行和维护旅游业健康发展的重要因素,旅游安全保障体系的构建势在必行。因此,构建由旅游安全政策法规体系、旅游安全预警体系、旅游安全救援体系和旅游保险体系四个子体系组成、多路径主体共同参与的北京旅游安全保障体系尤为重要。     

广州乡村旅游标准化体系的构建

推进旅游标准化建设，既是完善旅游市场体系、提升旅游业整体服务质量的需要，也是保护旅游者合法权益、促进旅游业持续健康发展的需要，旅游开发与服务的规范化是行业的发展趋势之一。乡村旅游作为一种新的旅游活动方式，在广州具有巨大的市场需求和发展前景。如何通过标准化体系的建设将这种旅游形式开发好、培育好、发展好，对统筹推进广州城乡一体化发展、建设社会主义新农村具有重要意义。文章在分析广州乡村旅游标准化建设现状的基础上，论述了广州乡村旅游标准化体系建设的意义，提出了加快广州乡村旅游标准化建设的框架思路。     

旅游教育本土化和国际化的互动发展策略

本文基于澳门旅游教育国际化与本土化的基本特征,回顾了澳门旅游教育发展的历史阶段,并对澳门旅游教育发展进行了SWOT分析,全面构建面向未来、具有国际水平和澳门特征的澳门旅游教育体系,相应地提出澳门旅游教育国际化与本土化发展策略。     

北京惠泽人"残疾人志愿者"培训项目启动

为了传播志愿精神,增强公民意识,提高志愿者社会服务的基本技能,促进公民参与社会事务,推动中国公民社会的发展,北京惠泽人咨询服务中心于近日启动了"残疾人志愿者及组织参与志愿服务"培训项目。该项目是北京惠泽人咨询服务中心和加拿大国际发展署公民社会项目合作开展的针对残疾人志愿者及组织和为残疾人服务的志愿者及组织的多方面系统培训。培训分初级、中级和高级三部分。初级侧重于志愿者认知、志愿者管理、团队与沟通技巧、残疾人保障法和社会性别意识     

“泛珠三角洲”区域旅游发展合作对策

从区域旅游发展的地理格局和区域旅游资源结构方面,分析泛珠三角洲的旅游产业结构、区域旅游规划以及区域旅游体系的发展合作问题。     

我国地方旅游法律环境透视

旅游业法律环境是旅游业软环境的有机构成,对旅游业健康有序发展起着重要的调整规范作用。地方旅游法律体系是旅游法律环境的重要组成部分,其建设与发展不容忽视。各地旅游法律环境成熟程度的差异、各类地方旅游法律文件效力发挥的局限、各地旅游立法、旅游执法对透明度原则的忽视、地方旅游法规在量和质以及立法模式等方面的滞后性中存在的诸多问题,严重阻碍了地方旅游业的健康发展。研究分析这些问题,有益于地方旅游法律环境建设,推动旅游业健康发展。     

以创新精神不断推进山东社科院自身建设

认真学习、全面贯彻江泽民关于哲学社会科学发展问题的三次重要讲话,以创新精神,加强地方社科院自身建设,全面促进我国哲学社会科学的繁荣与发展,是摆在我们面前的一个重大课题。近几年来,山东社会科学院适应新形势发展要求,坚持以创新为动力,以改革求发展,以建设做保障,紧紧围绕省委、省政府中心工作做好决策咨询服务,以山东省改革开放、现代化建设提出的重大理论和实践问题作为主攻方向,全面构建以应用研究为主干,以创新性基础研究为支撑、以咨询服务研究为新生长点的科研结构布局,大力实施“人才、精品工程”和国家课题龙头带动战略,事业发展取得了明显的成效。     

普通本科院校旅游管理专业实践教学体系优化研究

当前,中国普通本科院校旅游管理专业的发展已经从数量增长转向质量提高的新阶段,实践教学成为普通本科院校旅游管理专业实现内涵发展的重要途径。但在实际教学活动中,中国普通本科院校旅游管理专业实践教学还存在教学环节薄弱、实践课程教学内容体系不科学、实践教学师资力量薄弱、实训基地建设滞后等问题。解决这些问题的主要途径包括:修订教学大纲、编制实践教学教材、优化实践教学环节、强化师资队伍等,在这种教学模式和体系下才能构建适合普通本科院校人才培养需要的旅游管理专业实践教学体系。     

基于ASEB栅格分析法的兰州市旅游发展战略研究

甘肃省兰州市是黄河上游重要旅游目的地和西北旅游枢纽城市,旅游资源丰富,具有良好的发展趋势,研究面向游客体验的兰州市旅游发展战略对推动该区域旅游高质量发展具有重要意义。立足于景区、景点可持续发展、旅游体验、旅游开发的相关理论,采用ASEB栅格分析法,对兰州市旅游现状进行构建由优势、劣势、机遇和威胁以及活动、环境、体验和收益共同组成的兰州市旅游发展战略矩阵分析研究,并形成栅格表。分析研究结果表明,兰州市旅游发展处于外延增长阶段,尚没有形成内涵式发展的体验活动体系,游客对兰州文化接受多属于被动性的;兰州市的旅游发展还具有旅游商品单一、雷同性大、同质性强、产品老化、旅游产业链短、旅游资源产权权属关系界定不清、旅游管理和区域合作机制不健全等问题。针对这些问题提出兰州市旅游产品提升策略和发展战略,以期助推兰州市旅游业高质量发展进程。     

Factors Impacting Market Occupancy of Non‐profit Human Service Organizations in the Public Social Service Market: Focused on an Individual Level

This study aims to experientially verify which factors of non‐profit human service organizations affect market sharing activities in the public social service market. Due to market‐oriented government policies, non‐profit human service organizations, which used to enjoy stable financial resources, are now placed in a competitive position to provide their services. It is necessary to find out which organizational factors give a competitive advantage to various service providers in competition, including profit organizations, and apply them to the management and operation of non‐profit human service organizations. This is how this study started. Independent variables were organizational characteristics (organization age, total budget, number of employees), externally oriented culture (development culture, rational culture), and organizational structure (centralization, formalization), while dependent variables were the number of vouchers and total profits. Data was collected from 35 community welfare centers, rehabilitation centers, and senior centers (163 respondents) in Busan, Korea. Multiple regression analysis was conducted for data analysis. As a result of the analysis, the number of vouchers was found to be affected by development culture (+) and formalization (?), and total profit from voucher business was determined by organization age (?), total budget (+), and number of employees (+). Based on the results, this study suggests that non‐profit human service organizations should have an externally oriented culture and a flexible organization system to hold more market share in the public social service market.     

中小型儿童福利院的发展现状及出路思考

随着我国政府职能的转换以及市场经济的发展,许多民间福利性组织纷纷发展壮大,民间福利组织由于经营方式灵活,自治能力较强,所以在很大程度上迎合了社会的需求。而创建于早期的中小型官办福利组织(养老院、儿童福利院等),由于管理的滞后,经营理念的单一,在很大程度上已经不能满足日益膨胀的社会需求。本文先对现阶段中小型儿童福利院所存在的一系列问题及其原因进行了分析,然后从结构功能主义的角度提出了改革构想。     

Organizational affiliation and effectiveness: the case of rape crisis centers

Many rape crisis centers (RCCs) that were founded as autonomous organizations have affiliated with other organizations. The relationship of affiliation type and effectiveness is examined in a sample of 25 RCCs in Florida. Effectiveness is defined in terms of range of services for rape victims and involvement in rape prevention (social change) activities. The data show that 23 RCCs are affiliated with six types of organizations and two are free-standing. Each affiliation type has advantages and disadvantages but, overall, free-standing RCCs appear to be most effective and RCCs affiliated with community mental health centers, least effective. Of the seven types, free-standing agencies are most involved in rape prevention activities aimed at social change.     

完善北京市就业服务组织的发展对策

本文从北京市就业服务组织的当前状况出发,以对就业服务组织目前所存在的问题分析为基础,从宏观体制和微观运行两个层面探讨了完善北京市就业服务组织的发展对策。     

Preparedness within the municipal social services in Sweden: planning for the home help service organization for elderly people in war and crisis from two organizational perspectives

A study aiming at presenting the effects of increases in work strain during war and crisis on the home help service organization within the social service sector in Stockholm was carried out in 1991. This has given rise to a discussion about achieving the goals for the organization in war and crisis. Organizations are supposed to encompass qualities that allow them to achieve operative goals even if operative conditions are changed. The principle underlying preparedness planning is the maintenance of peace-time functions in organizations during war and crisis, although such functions may be restricted. Changes influencing preparedness planning within the social service organization include ongoing organizational restructuring in terms of decentralization and increases in private enterprising within the municipal social service sector. Two factors of decisive importance to organizational appropriateness are information generation and information processing. The results from the study show deficiencies within the organization's ability to generate and process information between different organizational levels about demands put on the organization in situations of war and crisis.     

养老机构伤害事故对策研究

频繁发生的养老机构伤害事故,已引起全社会的高度关注。本文在阐述养老机构伤害事故的含义和特点的基础上,结合我国养老服务现状提出了加快养老服务立法、建立赔偿社会化机制、加强养老行业监管、强化伤害事故预防、建立事故处理良性机制等对策措施,以期最大程度地减少和避免养老机构伤害事故的发生,确保我国养老事业的健康发展。     

Human Service Organizations: Useful Category or Useless Jargon?

In recent years a growing body of literature has examined the peculiar features of human service organizations and the difficulties which these pose for their administrators. This paper begins by reviewing recent writings on this subject, noting the differing emphases emerging from social welfare and public administration backgrounds respectively. The definition of human service organizations is then reconsidered, suggesting that it is useful to examine their characteristics in terms of two clusters of features: one related to their public source of mandate and resources, and the other related to the nature of the services they provide. A proposed definition based on these two clusters of features makes explicit two characteristics generally assumed in previous definitions of human service organizations; their purpose of meeting socially recognized needs, and the relatively powerless position of their clients. The definition proposed, rather than setting categorical boundaries, provides a model against which the features of a variety of organizations which wholly or partly fit it may be examined. The implications of the identified features of human service organizations for their administration are considered briefly, with particular reference to such problematic issues as the clarification of goals, the rights of consumers and the evaluation of services. It is suggested that the training and development of administrators for human service organizations must be based on an understanding of the particular difficulties and challenges arising from the nature of these organizations.     

Third Sector In Transition – A Question of Sustainability for Community Service Organizations and the Sector?

Third sector organizations are transitioning towards entrepreneurial and managerial models as a result of quasi‐market strategies. This paper reports on the research findings of a survey of nonprofit disability organizations in Queensland and Victoria impacted upon by quasi‐market reform. Enterprising organizations were found to have made substantial change to organizational structures and systems, whilst more traditional organizations made few changes. All organizations demonstrated commitment to a social justice ethos. However across the organizational archetypes there were reports of an organizational ‘fragility’. It is argued that the problems of sustainability of community service organizations that existed prior to quasi‐market reforms remain. This implies community service organizations will experience ongoing difficulties in the post‐market era without further rationalization and change. A conceptual framework for sustainability of the community service sector is presented at the policy and organizational level.     

城市社区服务:组织建设与公共参与——以广州市J社区为个案

在城市社区中,组织建设是社区服务发展的重要动力,社区组织之间的互动关系和整合程度直接决定着社区服务发展水平的高低,是社区服务发展走上良性运行轨道的关键所在。由于当前我国城市社区发展仍然处于初级阶段,社区服务的组织建设尚不完善,社区组织的社区服务参与程度和协调程度还有待进一步提高。     

From a Bird's Eye View? A Comparative Analysis of Governance and Network Integration Among Human Service Organizations

ABSTRACT

It is widely recognized by social workers and human service administrators that interorganizational networks are an important aspect of the everyday reality of human service organizations. A well-integrated network is defined as a network in which all organizations are connected and the resource exchange among all network actors is guaranteed. To analyze the integration of service networks, this study conducts a social network analysis of four networks among service organizations governed by a shared-participant type of governance. The results indicate that in networks in which the governance is more developed and mature, the structure shows a high level of integration. The analysis and results show that governance leads to an integration of the efforts of diverse service organizations, ultimately increasing the responsiveness of the entire network toward the complex problems of the target group. Future recommendations include discussing further qualitative and quantitative research efforts and the role of shared-participant governance.