THE PENSION SYSTEM FOR THE ELDERLY IN CANADA1

This article is an abridged form of the paper prepared for presentation to the Session on “Pension Systems and Economic Problems of Aging” at the VIIIth World Congress of Sociology, Toronto, 19–24 August 1974.     

日本战后雇佣体系的终结——《关于雇佣问题的政劳资协议》评析

20世纪90年代初泡沫经济崩溃以来，日本经济长期低迷，失业率持续上升，就业形势严峻。近几年来，日本政府及各有关方面为应对这种局面，一直在协调各种关系，商讨对策。2002年12月日本“雇佣问题对策会议”通过了《关于雇佣问题的政劳资协议》，它针对日本当前面临的问题提出了方向性的改革方案和具体措施，不仅为解决日本的雇佣问题开出了处方，还意味着战后日本雇佣体系的终结。     

THE IMPLICATIONS OF SYSTEM NETWORK FOR SOCIAL WORK WITH GROUPS

The issue with which this paper deals is the implications for group practice of the system network external to, but transacting with, the group. This issue is examined by identifying relevant concepts in group practice theory and extending their application to include extragroup transactions. It is further illumined by on analysis of an experience in group practice. The findings suggest foci for further theoretical development and research.     

体制和结构双调整中的日本经济

“哭穷”。“衰败论”、“转型论”和“哭穷论”各执一词 ,孰是孰非一时难下定论。但这三种观点中都不排斥“调整”一词。日本经济需要调整 ,也确实在进行调整。调整正在从经济体制和产业结构两个方面同时展开。由此可以认为 ,应该认真地看一下日本经济在调整什么、用什么方法调整及调整出了什么结果。弄清了这三个问题之后 ,方可对日本经济的走向做出实事求是的判断。一、政府主导型不完全竞争“政府主导型不完全竞争经济体制”曾是昔日日本经济辉煌的体制保障 ,同时也是当今日本经济不景气的体制根源。“政府主导型不完全竞争经济体制”主…     

WHO'S NOT PAYING THEIR FAIR SHARE: PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF THE AUSTRALIAN TAX SYSTEM

Data from the Community Hopes, Fears and Actions Survey are used to examine how pervasive the view is that the more privileged in society are failing to pay their fair share of tax, to understand the beliefs that underpin such perceptions, and the reforms that are needed to open dialogue with the Australian public about the issue. Support is found for five hypotheses. Economic self‐interest provides a partial explanation for perceptions of vertical inequity, but more important are disillusionment with the Australian democracy and perceptions of insufficient procedural justice from the tax office. Values about how Australian society should develop also play a part. Those looking for a more equal, caring and compassionate Australia perceive there to be a high level of vertical inequity. Such perceptions are not shared by those aspiring to an Australia that pursues competitive advantage either economically or politically. Tax authorities are brokers for social order and harmony in democracies. They can not determine the policies that are supposed to deliver these goals, nor the rules by which individuals are expected to contribute to the government coffers. But they carry responsibility for making it all happen — collecting taxes and providing government with revenue. As such, their integrity is pivotal to smooth democratic functioning. Integrity for a tax authority involves having purposeful and sound goals, appropriate and ethical procedures for pursuing such goals, and processes allowing reflection and evolution of their operation in response to the democratic will (Braithwaite 2003). This paper is a contribution to the process of reflection on how the tax system is working for its citizens. Its purpose is to investigate the extent to which the Australian community believes that their tax authority is pursuing one of its goals, collecting revenue, in a sound and purposeful way. Three questions are addressed: (a) Are different social groups in our society paying their fair share of tax? (b) What are the experiences and aspirations lying behind public perceptions that some groups do not pay their fair share? and (c) Do perceptions of fairness shape the direction in which Australians want to see tax reform progress?     

那寺那狗那温泉

辽海之地多温泉,其中最有历史、最有名气者当属称为“狗儿汤”的本溪温泉寺。它深藏在长白山西缘的太子河边,群山环抱,雾绕云蒸,早年只有通过太子河航运才能与外界沟通。     

THE DECLINE OF THE MONDRAGON COOPERATIVES

The Mondragon producers cooperatives in Basque Spain represent the classic case of alternative industrial organisation. While the cooperatives received a great deal of scholarly attention during the 1970s and 1980s, relatively little has been published on recent developments at Mondragon. It is time to update the Mondragon story. In 1991, 100 cooperatives joined to become the Mondragon Cooperative Corporation. This super-structure has permitted an important degree of centralised control over member cooperatives. Yet, it has also been the source of substantial challenges, both structural and ideological, to this alternative form of industrial organisation. We appear to be witnessing the cooperatives' decline, the end of a great experiment in favour of just another capitalist enterprise. This story is important both for cooperativism in Mondragon itself and for scholars and practitioners worldwide who find in Mondragon proof than an alternative, less exploitative approach to industrial organisation is possible.     

THE FAMILY AND THE AUSTRALIAN WELFARE STATE

This article discusses, by example, recent trends in government welfare policies and their impact on Australian families. Focus is on the move towards privatisation and the development of the ‘complex interventionist state’.     

2011 新梦想起飞——以世界眼光打造一座现代化、国际化都市

这里,承载着800万青岛人民未来火热的希望;这里,肩负着加快建设国际一流、国内领先海洋经济强市的重要使命。这里,一个个新梦想傲然放飞;这里,一座现代化文化旅游名城正在崛起。2010年,是青岛实施"十一五"规划的最后一年,是加快转方式调结构的重要一年。在山东省委的正确领导下,青岛市委领导班子团结带领全市广大干     

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