湖南省电子政务存在的问题与对策——以湘潭市为例

大数据背景下电子政务极大地推动政府公共服务。本文通过分析湘潭市政府电子政务现状,发现其在网络系统建设、政务信息公开共享、政民互动方面存在诸多问题。为推进其发展,应发展政务网络建设、推进信息公开和共享,完善在线服务。     

电子政务信息安全体系研究

为了协调政务信息公开和信息安全之间的关系,本文介绍了我国电子政务信息存在的主要安全问题和电子政务系统的网络安全体系建设.     

电子政务与政府信息公开

随着当今社会信息化发展的迅速进行,社会民众的信息意识越来越强,电子政务中的政府信息公开成为民众接收政务信息发布的主要途径和窗口。我国电子政务发展起步晚,发展过程中存在一系列问题,如何提高我国电子政务中政府信息公开的水平,成为各地政府亟待解决的一个问题。     

电子政务与政务信息公开

电子政务的实质是对政务信息资源在深度和广度上的开发和利用,如果失去了信息资源基础,电子政务就会成为无水之源、无木之本而失去自身存在的价值。实行政务信息公开制度,是最大限度地开发和利用政府信息资源,推进我国电子政务建设的法律基础。     

试论区域政府电子政务建设的道路

电子政务在迅猛发展的同时,存在着信息共享低效和流程互通不畅的问题。解决电子政务目前的问题需要在整体规划和顶层设计之后,提供一个合理、开放、成熟、先进的总体技术框架,将"电子"和"政务"紧密结合,从技术工程向管理阶段发展,进入政府管理信息化的时代。     

基于面向服务架构（SOA）的电子政务

针对我国电子政务系统存在的可扩展性差、容易形成信息孤岛等问题,本文提出SOA能较好地实现电子政务系统中的业务协同与信息共享.在介绍SOA的基本结构,分析我国电子政务的现状与问题的基础上,探讨SOA在电子政务中的5种应用模式及基于SOA的电子政务系统设计的优势.     

浅析政务信息资源整合与共享

在现行体制下,政务信息资源的开发利用一般是在各级政府的不同部门中分别进行的,缺乏统一的战略规划,各业务系统建设模式不统一,形成独立封闭、异构分散的“信息孤岛”,难以实现互联互通.因此,整合政务信息资源,构建“互联互通、集约节约、服务高效”的电子政务技术应用体系,实现政府跨部门的信息共享和业务协同,满足各级政务部门的业务需求,已是当前电子政务建设面临的亟待解决的问题.     

电子政务环境下政府信息资源共享的制约因素分析与对策研究

在当今经济全球化和信息化时代,电子政务是提高政府管理水平和服务质量,提高国家竞争力的有力工具。而政府信息资源共享是电子政务建设工作的重要内容。随着电子政务建设的深入,我国电子政务环境下政府信息资源总量不断增加、质量不断提高,政府信息资源开发及共享环境初步形成。但是由于传统观念、行政体制、管理模式、利益制约、技术手段等因素的制约,我国政府信息资源一直没有得到充分有效地开发和利用,严重影响着政府的宏观决策和管理的科学性、有效性。因此分析研究电子政务环境下政府信息资源共享中存在的问题并积极寻求解决对策,对我国电子政务的建设有着重要的意义。     

我国电子政务的信息服务研究

互联网的应用带动了电子政务的迅速发展。我国政府在利用电子政务平台提供信息服务过程中也不可避免地出现了一些问题。本文在分析电子政务的内容、特点的基础之上,探讨了我国电子政务信息服务存在的突出问题和对策。     

政务公开后公开政务的利用变得越来越重要

5月1日,政府信息公开条例正式实施,"及时、准确地公开政府信息"将成为各级行政机关的一项重要职责和基本义务。在这一背景下,如何加强对这些公开后的政务信息的利用和共享,在一定程度上,这可能是比政务公开更重要的一个问题。没有对政务公开信息的利用,公开了的政务信息就可能失     

E-Government in Kazakhstan: Challenges and Its Role to Development

This paper critically examines the progress made in introducing and implementing e-government programs and policies in Kazakhstan. It argues that in order to achieve the articulated development goals, the Kazakh government has moved toward e-government paradigm to ascertain a people-centered, accountable and transparent government. Available data substantiates that the initiative faces several challenges such as political support and relationship between political institutions, bureaucracy and citizens, digital divide, widespread corruption, lack of human resources, and inadequate infrastructural development, which needs to be amputated to improve public service delivery. This study illustrates some international development experiences to understand the benefit of e-government. Such experiences may serve as policy guidelines to the successful implementation of e-government to ensure overall development in Kazakhstan.     

A Field Study of RFID Deployment and Return Expectations

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology promises to transform supply chain management. Building on previous research in information systems and supply chain management, this paper proposes a theoretical framework for RFID adoption and benefits, and tests the framework using data on u. s. firms. Our analysis suggests that there is a positive association between information technology (IT) application deployment and RFID adoption. We find that RFID implementation spending and partner mandate are associated with an expectation of early return on RFID investment, and a perceived lack of industry‐wide standards is associated with an expectation of delayed return on RFID investment. These results suggest that firms with broad IT application deployment and a critical mass of RFID implementation spending are more likely to report early returns from RFID deployments. This paper extends previous research to understand the relationship between organization characteristics and adoption and expected benefits of the emerging RFID technology.     

政府信息公开与共享的成本收益分析

本文分别对政府信息垄断、共享与公开状态下,政府信息资源管理的成本与收益进行分析,并对三种状态下的分析结果进行比较,证明了信息公开与共享时的收益成本比大于信息垄断状态时。论文最后引入制度变迁与技术进步因素,得出政府信息公开与共享的条件是:信息技术成本与信息共享的制度成本足够低。     

电子政府跨部门信息共享的激励机制设计

电子政府的实现,必须以跨部门的信息共享作为其基本前提。为了促使政府机构的跨部门信息共享,我们运用激励理论的基本方法,分析了政府机构跨部门信息共享的激励问题,建立了相应的信息共享激励模型。研究认为,为了诱导政府部门公开其垄断信息,应当同时采取正激励措施和负激励措施,两者互为担保才能保证激励效果的强壮性。本文所建立的信息共享激励模型,是基于我国国情,且主要适用于本级政府所管辖的部门。     

Environmental Factors,Managerial Processes,and Information Technology Investment Strategies

Although significant research attention has been directed at understanding the value of information technology (IT) investments for firms, very little attention has been paid to understand the IT investment behavior of firms. This article seeks to fill this void. We introduce the concept of IT investment strategy, defined by dimensions of intensity and proactiveness, to characterize the IT investment behavior of firms. Synthesizing the environmental deterministic and strategic choice perspectives of a firm's strategic decision making, we examine the effects of environmental factors, managerial processes, and the interplay between them on IT investment strategy. Specifically, we examine the impact of environmental factors such as industry clockspeed and information intensity on IT investment strategy. We also incorporate the strategic choice perspective to argue that managerial processes such as frequent chief executive officer—chief information officer communications and collective information systems planning play a critical role in shaping the firm's IT investment strategy. The empirical results show that the environmental variables are related to IT investment strategy. Besides, managerial processes serve as a means to understand the environment and thus moderate the relationships between the environmental variables and the various facets of IT investment strategy. The conceptualization of IT investment strategy and the focus on both environmental determinism and strategic choice should enrich our understanding of firms’ IT investing behavior.     

Can information technology enable profitable diversification? An empirical examination

Investments in information technology (IT) are now a major part of corporate investment, and the management of IT is essential to performance. In general, IT is expected to have performance effects when it is judiciously used to complement existing corporate capabilities. In this research, we examine how IT can complement diversification strategy. Using hypotheses and measures suggested by information processing theory and the theory of corporate strategy, testable hypotheses are derived to examine how IT can complement diversification. Results suggest that spending on computer technology significantly complements a strategy of unrelated diversification. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.     

A Resource‐Based View of Strategic IT Alignment: How Knowledge Sharing Creates Competitive Advantage

A critical decision problem for top management, and the focus of this study, is whether the CEO (chief executive officer) and CIO (chief information officer) should commit their time to formal planning with the expectation of producing an information technology (IT)‐based competitive advantage. Using the perspective of the resource‐based view, a model is presented that examines how strategic IT alignment can produce enhanced organizational strategies that yield competitive advantage. One hundred sixty‐one CIOs provided data using a postal survey. Results supported seven of the eight hypotheses. They showed that information intensity is an important antecedent to strategic IT alignment, that strategic IT alignment is best explained by multiple constructs which operationalize both process and content measures, and that alignment between the IT plan and the business plan is significantly related to the use of IT for competitive advantage. Study results raise questions about the effect of CEO participation, which appears to be the weak link in the process, and also about the perception of the CIO on the importance of CEO involvement. The paper contributes to our understanding of how knowledge sharing in the alignment process contributes to the creation of superior organizational strategies, provides a framework of the alignment‐performance relationship, and furnishes several new constructs.     

中国制造业IT投资的绩效与行业特征调节效应

以中国制造业上市公司为研究样本,对信息技术投资与企业绩效之间的关系进行比较分析,并阐释行业特征变量在其中所起的调节作用.实证分析结果表明,信息技术投资有利于提高企业绩效,行业集中度、行业资本密集度和行业增长率均对信息技术与企业绩效之间的关系有明显的调节作用.本研究结论在一定程度上拓展了信息技术投资与企业绩效之间关系的研究内容,对中国制造业的信息化建设有一定的战略启示.     

基于心理承受能力假说的供应链信息共享模型

针对期望效用理论和前景理论对禀赋穹顶效用的忽视,提出了禀赋相关的心理承受能力假说,并以企业共享信息价值指数作为决策变量,构建了供应链信息共享的短板优化模型。根据该模型,可以通过不断提升短板企业的信息共享价值指数,达到最终实现整个供应链的信息共享。研究显示,供应链上企业信息共享价值指数与信息共享成功率之间存在正向关系,而与心理脆弱度成本弹性、社会风险水平、信息共享成本之间存在负向关系。本文的主要理论贡献一是将收入成本比引入到投资价值的制约因素集之中,强调投资收益率或者利润率的决定性作用;二是引入心理承受临界点概念,指出投资行为在该临界点的两侧表现出截然不同的特征。这一结果可以用于设计推进供应链信息共享的政策途径。     

首席信息官评估信息服务价值的行为与决策研究

本文是针对企业在IT投资决策过程中评估信息服务价值的理论和实证研究。首先通过发放问卷,调研了中国信息技术密集型企业IT投资的决策环境和首席信息官(Chief Information Officer,简称CIO)的风险态度。其次,在调研结论的基础上,利用贝叶斯决策理论,建立CIO评估外部信息服务价值的数学模型。实证调研表明,在IT投资决策过程中,大部分CIO属于风险中性。针对风险中性的决策者,本文分析了购买信息服务所规避损失或者增加收益的期望值,并与信息服务的费用进行比较,以帮助CIO做出是否购买信息服务和是否进行IT投资的决策。在应用案例中,对一家大型电子商务企业进行了实地调研,并对访谈资料和文档数据进行分析。应用案例的分析结果表明:本文的研究结论适用于中国信息技术密集型企业,能够提供相关决策的依据。