一种无偏组合预测方法及其贝叶斯模型

一种无偏组合预测方法及其贝叶斯模型①①本项研究系国家教委优秀年轻教师基金资助项目。曾勇唐小我ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｓｓｅｖｅｒａｌｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｔｏｔｅｓｔｕｎｂｉａｓｅｄｎｅｓｓｉｎｆｏｒｅｃａｓｔｍｏｄｅｌｓ,ｔｈｅｎ...     

门限自回归模型在经济分析和预测中的应用

The paper presents the application of Threshold Auto-regression ( TAR ) model in dealing with the nonlinearity in economy. With SETAR model, forecasting of 31 China’s macro-economic series is performed and the accuracy of different preprocessing methods are compared. With TARSC model, China’s Adjacent National Income Index and Accumulation rate are used to analyze economic fluctuation, empirical in terpretation of the fluctuation and leading and lagging are also presented. The results of the application are satisfactory.     

非线性GARCH模型在中国股市波动预测中的应用研究

股票价格频繁的波动是股票市场最明显的特征之一。股票价格的时间序列经常表现出一个时期的波动明显地大于另一时期的特征。尽管有大量证据表明,短期的金融资产价格及收益率是不可预测的[1];但目前人们普遍认为,使用特定的时间序列技术可成功地预测金融资产收益率的方差。国外学者的研究结果表明,Ｂｏｌｌｅｒｓｌｅｖ提出的广义自回归条件异方差(ＧＡＲＣＨ)模型[2]和Ｅｎｇｌｅ的自回归条件异方差(ＡＲＣＨ)模型[3],在预测金融资产收益率方差方面是最为成功的。文献[4]较全面地综述了ＧＡＲＣＨ模型的应用。简单地讲,ＧＡＲＣＨ模型的建模…     

应积极开展对贝叶斯学派的介绍和研究

统计学中由于观点不同,形成了各种学派,其中影响较大的是频率学派、贝叶斯学派和信念(Fiducial)学派。在目前我国出版的教材中,绝大部分都是频率学派(或称经典学派)的观点、理论和方法,其余两派的观点、理论和方法却很少见。但是在实际应用部门,如航天工程、电子工业等有关单位,却早已应用贝叶斯方法和信念方法来     

Bootstrap方法在复杂抽样中的应用

一、Bootstrap方法简介Bootstrap方法是美国统计学家Bradley·Efron在1979年提出的一种处理非参数统计推断问题的方法。它的一般提法是:已知来自总体(Y,(?),F)的简单随机样本Y_n=(y_1,y_2,…,Y_n),其中F是一未知的分布函数。设R(Y_n,F)是我们感兴趣的样本函数,我们欲得到R(Y_n,f)的某些信息,如:R(Y_n,F)的分布函数、E_FR、Var_FR或P_F(R<2)等等;下标F表示在分布函数F下求期望、方差或概率。所谓Bootstrap方法,就是用样本Y_n构造出F的极大似然估计(?)_n(一般就用样本Y_n的经验分布函数F_n来近似);然后,从F_n中抽出大小为n的简单随机样本Y_n~*=(Y_1~*,Y_2~*,     

因子模型在云南工业行业结构分析中的应用

 本世纪初由Karl Pearson及Chales Spearman关于智力的定义和测量工作而开始了因子分析的近代发展。因子分析通过已知的数据资料，分析和识别出对高维变量有公共影响的公因子，并给出其相关的解释，在实际中具有广泛的应用价值。本文的目的即是利用因子分析方法对云南省的工业行业结构进行分析。     

现代Bayes方法在精算学中的应用及展望

一、前言贝叶斯 (ＲｅｖｅｒｅｎｄＴｈｏｍａｓＢａｙｅｓ 170 2～ 176 1)是对归纳推理给出精确定量的表达方式的第一人 ,他死后发表的两篇论文 ,应该作为科学史上最著名的回忆录之一 (Ｐｒｅｓｓ ,1989:Ｐ181)。尽管他所提出的方法直到今天仍有着激烈的争论 ,但由于他对当代统计学产生了深远影响 ,所以将他作为统计学的杰出创始人之一 ,是举世公认的。本文分三个部分。首先以贝叶斯思想、贝叶斯方法和贝叶斯立场为主题 ,简要回顾贝叶斯方法的历史与发展 ,对Ｊｅｆｆｒｅｙｓ(1939) ,Ｗａｌｄ (195 0 )和Ｓａｖａｇｅ(195 4 )等创立的现代…     

基于GARCH和半参数法的VAR模型及其在中国股市风险中的应用

This article introduces value at risks model(VAR) based on GARCH and semi-parameter approach, a new recently developed tool for measuring market risks. And we also made a case analysis on Chinese Stock Market Risk using this technique.     

营养研究在住户调查中的应用

住户调查是统计部门对人民生活进行的经常性调查。对住户调查从不同的方面去研究和剖析,能够观察和衡量人民生活的现状。特别是分析摄取营养成份的数量,能够了解人民生活水平的高低和差异程度并可在不同地区、不同国家之间进行比较,从而为研究贫困问题,指导人们合理的膳食提供科学的依据。对食品营养成份的研究有专门的机构,如食品与卫生研究所,这些机构有专门的设备和人员,他们测定各种食品营养成份的含量,并对营养与人体健康进行全面的分析。他们也进     

The Block Empirical Likelihood Method of the Semivarying Coefficient Model with Application to Longitudinal Data

In this article, we consider a semivarying coefficient model with application to longitudinal data. In order to accommodate the within-group correlation, we apply the block empirical likelihood procedure to semivarying coefficient longitudinal data model, and prove a nonparametric version of Wilks' theorem which can be used to construct the block empirical likelihood confidence region with asymptotically correct coverage probability for the parametric component. In comparison with normal approximations, the proposed method does not require a consistent estimator for the asymptotic covariance matrix, making it easier to conduct inference for the model's parametric component. Simulations demonstrate how the proposed method works.     

基于贝叶斯面板模型的扩展C-D生产函数估计及实证

利用2008—2011年的省际面板数据并充分收集和整理先验信息,运用贝叶斯面板模型分析和研究了扩展的C-D生产函数,有效地处理了短期时序造成的小样本问题以及误差项之间的相关性问题,实现参数的适时修正和更新。研究发现:目前中国物质资本份额的后验均值为55%,明显低于中国学者估计的60%;人力资本所占份额仅为5%~6%,其对经济增长的拉动作用没有得到充分的发挥,中国应增大人力资本投入;固定资产投资比例人均产出弹性的后验均值为1.37;地理位置等个体差异依旧是造成中国发展不平衡问题逐年扩大的重要原因。     

Subjective Bayesian Analysis of the Elliptical Model

For the multivariate elliptical model subjective Bayesian estimators of the location vector and some functions of the characteristic matrix with the normal-inverse Wishart and the normal-Wishart as prior, respectively, are derived. Fang and Li (1999 Fang, K.T., Li, R.Z. (1999). Bayesian statistical inference on elliptical matrix distributions. J. Multivariate Anal. 70: 66–85.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) considered the elliptical model for Bayesian analysis for an objective prior structure. In addition, the newly developed results are applied to the multivariate normal- and t-distribution. A performance study is done to evaluate the normal-gamma and normal-inverse gamma distributions as suitable priors. A practical application for the posterior distributions of the multivariate t-distribution is included by means of Gibbs sampling and a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm.     

Bayesian Analysis of the Prototypal Search Model

Bayesian analysis for a simple but widely applied dynamic programming model is obtained. The setting is the prototypal job-search model. The general case of wage and duration data, with potential censoring, is studied. The optimality condition implied by the dynamic programming setup is fully imposed. The posterior distribution reveals a “ridge” reflecting the characteristic nonstandard nature of the inference problem. Marginal distributions and moments are obtained in a canonical parameterization after a suitable approximation. The adequacy of the approximation is easily assessed. Simulation is applied to study alternative parameterizations and prior robustness and to facilitate prior elicitations. Finally, we illustrate the applicability of our methods by giving posterior distributions for the elasticities of unemployment durations and reemployment wages with respect to unemployment income. Our analysis is easy to implement and all computations are simple to perform.     

上市公司业绩评价模型与实证分析、

近年来,业绩评价受到越来越多的关注。在目前理论界上市公司业绩评价指标体系的基础上,本文引偏最小二乘回归方法进行实证分析,发现可以得到较好的预测上市公司未来中长期的业绩的模型。     

Semi-parametric Bayesian Analysis of the Proportional Hazard Rate Model An Application to the Effect of Training Programs on Graduate Unemployment

In this paper, we introduce a semi-parametric Bayesian methodology based on the proportional hazard model that assumes that the baseline hazard function is constant over segments but, by contrast to what is usually assumed in the literature, with the periods at which the function changes not being specified in advance. The methodology is applied to explore the impact of Vocational Training courses offered by the University of Zaragoza (Spain) on the duration of the initial periods of unemployment experienced by graduate leavers. The framework is very flexible and allows us, in particular, to capture the presence of seasonality in the job insertion of graduates.     

Bayesian Versus Frequentist Approach of the Frailty Cox Model,Application to Calf Gastroenteritis

In the frailty Cox model, frequentist approaches often present problems of numerical resolution, convergence, and variance calculation. The Bayesian approach offers an alternative. The goal of this study was to compare, using real (calf gastroenteritis) and simulated data, the results obtained with the MCMC method used in the Bayesian approach versus two frequentist approaches: the Newton–Raphson algorithm to solve a penalized likelihood and the EM algorithm. The results obtained showed that when the number of groups in the population decreases, the Bayesian approach gives a less biased estimation of the frailty variance and of the group fixed effect than the frequentist approaches.     

Probit模型在期刊读者群分析中的应用

选择probit这一二元选择模型为手段,以性别和年龄为主要研究变量,研究不同类型读者对期刊的偏好,以期找出各类期刊的读者群特征,为期刊社有针对性地采编文章及广告投放提出建议。     

贝叶斯隐马尔科夫异质面板模型及应用研究

针对不可观测异质性非时变假设导致的删失变量偏差及推断无效问题,构建贝叶斯隐马尔科夫异质面板模型,刻画截面个体间的动态时变不可观测异质性,诊断经济系统环境中可能存在的隐性变点,设计相应的马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛抽样算法估计模型参数,并对中国各地区的金融发展与城乡收入差距关系进行实证分析,捕捉到金融发展与城乡收入差距间长期稳定关系的隐性变化,发现了区域个体不可观测异质性存在的动态时变特征。研究结果表明各参数的迭代轨迹收敛且估计误差非常小,验证了贝叶斯隐马尔科夫异质面板模型的有效性。