Hu Shi and the Continuation of the Revolution of1911——Discussing Intellectuals and Social Revolution

Hu Shi is regarded as one of the most important intellectuals after the Revolution of 1911,and he has a far- reaching influence in 20th century.In the perspective of Hu Shi,the contribution and continuation of the Revolution of 1911 has some inspiration for us to analyze the relationship between Chinese intellectuals and social revolution.     

The Synthesis of Altruism and Egoism——From the Perspective of the Theory of Evolution

达尔文进化论立足于个体选择理论,这使它难以解释社会性昆虫等的利他行为;为此,达尔文后来提及群体选择思想.群体选择理论直到20世纪60年代才被正式提出,却仍然面临利他行为与适者生存的矛盾.为此,亲缘选择理论和基因选择理论应运而生.这两种理论在一定程度上把个体选择与群体选择结合起来,但又各自面临新的困境.索伯-威尔逊模型区分了"群内选择"和"群间选择",前者以个体选择为主.后者以群体选择为主,并给出利他主义得以进化的条件.本文在索伯一威尔逊模型的基础上,进一步揭示了利他主义对利已主义的随附性关系,亦即群体选择对个体选择的随附性关系;同时指出,这只是适合于人类这种具有独立意志的物种,因而是一种次级关系.而对于包括人类在内的一切物种来说,更为基本的关系是:个体选择随附于群体选择.     

Collective Intentionality and the Origin of Morality——Comments on Wang Haiming's Theory of Moral Autonomy and Heteronomy

王海明教授对他所谓道德自律论的批判犹如跟一堆假想的老虎搏斗。他所谓道德他律论实为彻底的道德工具主义;具体表现为道德价值外在论、计算理性、功利主义等三个论题;其最终所导致的是道德虚无主义。由于王先生没有看到集体意向性乃是道德的真正诞生之地,也没有注意到语言对道德的重大作用,所以,他错误地断言:动物不但有道德,而且有最高尚的美德。     

On Complementation and Integration of the Three Kinds of Cultures——Cultural Reflections on the 30 Years of Reform and Opening up

Started from the argument of Culture is the carrier of the reproduction of ideology, the model of reproduction and dissemination of different ideologies. this paper divides the Chinese culture into three kinds from a macro view. These three kinds of culture are national culture, elite culture and popular culture.     

Character,Environment and Disillusionment——A comparison of A Little Cloud & Death of A Salesman

1.IntroductionAs an independent story ofDubliners,ALittle Cloudserves as one aspect dealing withadulthoodin the book.Living as an insignificant person,Chandlerhas got used to his middle or even lower classenvironment and his monotonous life.However,a meeting with an old friend who has beenabsent for eight years arouses his hope to besuccessful.The friend,though inferior in birthand education to Chandler,gets success inLondon as a journalist,and thus be regarded asa hero by Chandler.But whe…     

The Error Identification and Correction of Chinese Version of Criticism,Canon-formation and Prophecy——with Additional Discussion on the Translation of Harold Bloom's Other Works

<批评、正典结构与预言>是在国内学界颇有影响的"知识分子图书馆"丛书中的一本.但就在这部经典译作之中,却出现了多处明显的翻译讹错.这些问题主要分为三类:目的语处理不当,导致读者理解可能发生偏差或无法理解;出发语理解错误或不准确,导致翻译出错;翻译时脱离语词的具体语境,产生误导性翻译.在哈罗德·布鲁姆其他著作的翻译中也存在类似的错误.这实际上从一个侧面反映了当前国内西方文论翻译的尴尬现状.     

Summary of Ideological Dialectics——Althusser' s “Ideology and Ideology of the National Machine” Criticism

Ideology in Althusser shows total time,materiality,subjectivity and other gestures,but this is only one aspect.The other aspect of ideology,namely diachronicness,relations,objectivity,as well as their relationship,does not get due attention.     

Heaven and Man Integrating each other Or Man and Nature Being in Harmony——and Discussion of Different Times for Different Emphases

中国天人合一这一古老哲学命题,在当代社会理应起到它应有的启示作用。不论古代天人合一论有几多庞杂的内涵,也不论生态价值在古代天人合一论诸多内涵中地位多么次要,只要能体恤当代人在对对象、现实、感性所进行的感性活动或实践的理解,他们就一定会想到天人合一。这并非迎合时尚、随意发挥,而是因顺时势有所侧重,是思维理路和论说视阈之别。     

Land Politics: Two Points of View and Two Perspectives——The Correlation Research on Rural Land and Politics

对于中国传统经济时期土地与乡村政治之间的关系问题,存在两种观点.“无关论”认为土地与乡村政治之间并没有直接的关系;“有关论”认为小块土地作为传统村庄治理的基础,与乡村政治间存在着因果或相关关系.在“相关论”的前提下,对于土地与乡村政治之间的互动影响机制存在宏观和微观两个分析视角,但已有的研究对小块土地与乡村治理之间的关系研究缺乏直接的因果论证.基于小块土地对乡村治理的实际影响可以发现,农村小块土地不仅产生了重要的经济影响,而且在社会层面上塑造了农民的“五种性格”,同时通过利益、偏好和权威三个机制实现了乡村的政治效应.     

Thousands of Red and Purple Flowers Are Embracing the Zen Abode——The Tenth Anniversary of the Passing away of Zhao Puchu

十年前去世的原全国政协副主席、中国佛教协会会长赵朴初出生在四代翰林的家庭;二十年代走上佛教道路;对中国革命作出了重要贡献;与毛泽东、周恩来、邓小平、江泽民等领袖人物以及谢冰心、曹禺、赵元任等文化名人有广泛的交往;在文革期间受到冲击;对中国和世界佛教以及和平事业作出了突出贡献;本人佛学思想丰富;有很高的诗词、书法造诣;淡泊名利,善于养生;关心、支持家乡建设;其佛学思想和人生道路对今天的青年人和大学生有多方面的启迪。     

Intention and Action——A Philosophical Interpretation of Wang Yangming' s Doctrine of “Uniting Knowledge with Action”

“知行合一”被看作王阳明标志性的哲学观点之一.王阳明有关知行合一的思想比较复杂,它由很多命题构成.文章着重讨论知行合一这个命题所包含的一个一般性的哲学问题:在道德行动中,意向与行动究竟是什么关系?通过逐一分析王阳明的相关论述:好恶属行,念动是知亦是行,意是行之始,知是行之始,我们发现,在意向与行动的关系问题上,王阳明的理解已经涉及作为行动的意向、作为善良意志的意向这些层面.前者有将有意识的行动与用以行动的意向融合的倾向,后者则注意到意向与意欲或意愿的联系.由于王阳明在使用“意”这个名词时并未自觉地意识到其不同面向,在其论述中产生了一定的混乱或自相矛盾.王阳明的思路是:假设人都有行善的善良意愿,从而使得行善就变成听从或顺应自己内心召唤的简单之事,对于当代道德哲学、行动哲学的相关讨论不无启发,也许行动的最终源泉既不是理性计算,也不是感性冲动,而在于行动者固有的美德.     

The Relation Between Buddhism Secularization and Jiangnan Folk Faith——Focusing on the Custom of Guan Yin and Cheng Huang in Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时代宗教的发展越来越突出其实用性与功利性的价值,越来越趋向平民化、内容世俗化。宗教的世俗化意味着传统教义中的神圣性质在逐步地淡化和减少,传统宗教的仪式及组织也日趋简化,传统宗教放下身价主动向民间信仰靠拢。从江南地区观音信仰及城隍崇拜的盛行,可以看出明清时期佛道发展的这一世俗化趋势。明清时期的城隍神最初是由官方赋予的官僚形式,成为神道设教与打击淫祠的象征,但是苏州民众却将其逐渐演变成富有特色的民间宗教信仰活动,包含进丰富的民生内容。最终使得城隍信仰活动演变成为苏州城乡民众的狂欢节日。     

Cultural Imagination and Daily Life——Shanghai Architectural Aesthetics and Humanistic Reflection

Since the opening -up of Shanghai,various kinds of architectures have reflected a city with unique fascination.Those houses in close connection with our daily lives are just like works of art,implying complicated cultural imagination through different kinds of forms.In the last two decades,there has been a large scale of urban renewal in Shanghai.Nowadays,Shanghai,a modern and fashionable metropolis is standing in front of the public.However,from my point of view,the urban renewal of Shanghai is not very successful for it is cutting apart its real history little by little in its dreamlike modern imagination,which does not actually meet the real needs of humanity.