职业成长与离职倾向:职业承诺与感知机会的调节作用

本文构建了职业成长对离职倾向的关系模型,实证分析了职业成长对离职倾向的作用机理。识别了职业成长与离职倾向关系中的两个重要调节变量,即职业承诺和感知机会。通过对九个城市961名企业员工的调查,采用回归分析处理数据,研究结果表明:职业成长对离职倾向具有很好的预测作用,职业成长四个因素对离职倾向均存在显著的影响;职业目标进展与职业能力发展交互作用于离职倾向;职业承诺越高的员工,他们对自身的职业能力发展、晋升速度越加关注,更可能会因为职业能力发展受限和晋升速度缓慢而产生高的离职倾向;随着员工感知机会的增加,职业成长对离职倾向的预测作用逐渐增强。     

个性化人力资源管理实践对员工离职倾向的影响研究

对企业组织而言,高层次人力资源的流失已是一个普遍性问题,如何挽留这些有价值的员工成为让许多组织"头疼"的难题。学者们也提出了许多不同的解决思路。本文在回顾人力资源管理实践中现有个性化管理方式相关研究的基础上,对个性化人力资源管理实践的概念进行界定,并运用因子分析的方法对其结构进行探索性分析,开发了包含5因子的个性化人力资源管理实践测量问卷;然后考察其对员工离职倾向的影响,并利用来自111家企业组织的样本对二者的关系进行统计检验,结果表明个性化人力资源管理实践对员工离职倾向有较为显著的影响。研究结论为企业组织吸引、激励和挽留有价值的员工提供了相应的理论支持。     

员工自愿离职倾向关键性影响因素分析

离职倾向通常被认为是预测员工离职行为最有效的指标.本文从实证调查入手,通过GM(1,N)建模,对影响员工离职倾向的影响因素进行了灰色处理,得出了影响国企员工离职倾向的五大关键性影响因素:工作内容、升迁制度、薪酬、可选择工作机会的主观感知、情感性承诺.     

组织承诺及其形成过程研究

本文在一系列研究的基础上,提出了在不同工作情景下对组织承诺研究的两种思路：一是在西方文化背景下,员工倾向于从离职角度考虑自己与企业的关系,特别关心离职损失和离职后的工作机会;二是在中国文化背景下,员工倾向于从留职角度考虑自己与企业的关系,关心现有工作的稳定性及企业发展前景。在此基础上,提出了一个基于社会交换理论的组织承诺形成过程模型。即员工首先将在企业内受到的支持与期望标准进行比较,再对比较的结果进行归因后,才能确定组织承诺的高低,而期望标准包括价值匹配、组织公平、社会比较等内容。     

基于集体主义情境的变革型领导、组织承诺与离职倾向研究

在构建变革型领导对离职倾向影响的中介模型,以及分析水平-垂直集体主义背景下组织承诺中介作用的基础上,对东北和华北地区10家企业的202名管理者和员工进行问卷调查,采用层次回归等方法进行研究分析。结果表明,组织承诺在变革型领导和离职倾向之间起部分中介作用,不同集体主义背景影响变革型领导对离职倾向的作用路径;在水平集体主义背景下,持续承诺中介了变革型领导对离职倾向的影响;在垂直集体主义背景下,情感承诺和规范承诺中介了变革型领导对离职倾向的作用路径。鉴于此,组织需要根据员工集体主义导向的差异,通过采用不同的激励措施以提高员工的组织承诺,降低离职倾向。     

离职倾向与行为表现的关系：自我效能感和主动性人格的调节作用

  员工离职一直以来是理论界和实务界关注的热点，对员工离职的研究主要聚焦于员工离职倾向和离职行为，并主要从个体和情景因素探讨员工离职倾向或离职行为的影响因素，但具有离职倾向却未发生实际离职行为的员工在组织中表现如何，还有待进一步研究。         根据计划行为理论，个体会基于自己的内在倾向采取相应的行为，但是内在倾向与行为之间的关系受到一定的约束，尤其受到个体是否能够决定或控制这种行为的影响。自我效能感反映了个体认为自己能够处理问题的信心，主动性人格则反映了个体是否具有按照自己的意愿采取行为的自主权，二者均反映了个体对行为的控制度。构建以离职倾向为前因变量，以自我效能感和主动性人格为调节变量，以任务绩效、帮助行为和反生产行为为结果变量的理论模型。基于886名员工和231名配对领导的两阶段数据，使用Mplus 7.0进行数据分析和假设检验。为避免领导评价的嵌套效应，采用三明治分析方法进行分析。         研究结果表明，①自我效能感正向调节离职倾向与反生产行为的正向关系，即高自我效能感的员工在相同水平离职倾向下会做出更多反生产行为；②主动性人格正向调节离职倾向与任务绩效的负向关系，即高主动性人格的员工在相同水平离职倾向下表现出更差的任务绩效；③主动性人格正向调节离职倾向与帮助行为的负向关系，即高主动性人格的员工在相同水平离职倾向下会做出更少帮助行为；④主动性人格正向调节离职倾向与反生产行为的正向关系，即高主动性人格的个体在相同水平离职倾向下会做出更多反生产行为。         研究发现离职意愿提高员工反生产行为，在产生离职倾向后高自我效能感和高主动人格的员工更会有消极表现。研究结果启示管理者需多观察员工行为，把握员工离职倾向，重视主动性人格可能存在的消极作用，引导主动性人格的员工发挥积极作用。     

员工组织内信任对其工作态度的影响

通过对928名被试的调查,探讨了员工对上级和组织的信任对其工作态度（包括工作满意度、组织承诺和离职倾向）的影响。结果表明,员工对直接上级和对组织的信任对员工的组织承诺和工作满意度有积极的影响,而对员工的离职倾向有负的影响,并且员工对组织信任对组织承诺和工作满意度的影响通过员工对上级的信任部分中介。而员工对组织信任对离职倾向的影响通过员工对组织的信任完全中介。该研究结果进一步充实了中国背景下员工组织内信任的理论研究。     

女性公务员工作满意度、组织承诺与离职倾向的关系研究

离职倾向是离职行为的直接前因变量,对离职倾向的分析有助于更好地预测和控制离职行为,并作为组织人事部门改进和提升工作的契机。本研究以影响离职倾向的两个重要因素——工作满意度和组织承诺为切入点,以女性公务员为样本,通过调查问卷的实证研究方式,试图发现女性公务员离职倾向的影响因素。维持一支品德优良、高水平、高素质的女性公务员队伍,应增强其工作满意度,尤其是领导满意度、工作本身满意度、薪酬满意度和工作环境满意度,并注重以行政文化和规章制度提升女性公务员的感情承诺和规范承诺,以增强工作满意度负向影响离职倾向的总效应。     

多层次员工离职维度实证研究——以江苏某船舶有限公司为例

通过对江苏某船舶有限公司员工离职情况的调查,利用层次分析法对影响员工离职维度进行实证分析。结果显示,工作压力和报酬公平是影响生产车间和职能部门员工离职的主要维度,职业成长度和组织承诺是影响技术部门和管理层员工离职的关键维度。企业整体员工离职分析,职业成长度、报酬公平、组织承诺和企业文化是导致员工离职行为的主要维度。工作压力和个人因素也是导致员工离职的维度不显著。     

积极组织行为学视角下辱虐管理与员工乐观解释风格对离职倾向的影响研究北大核心CSSCI

基于情感事件理论和情绪认知评价理论,通过对56家企业332位员工的有效问卷调研,考察了辱虐管理对离职倾向的影响,以及消极情绪的中介作用和乐观解释风格的调节作用。研究结果发现:辱虐管理对消极情绪、离职倾向具有显著正向影响;消极情绪中介了辱虐管理和离职倾向的关系;乐观解释风格调节了辱虐管理通过消极情绪影响离职倾向的作用,即员工乐观解释风格越高,消极情绪所带来的影响越弱,离职倾向也会因此降低。     

Cultural Differences: A Cross-cultural Study of Urban Planners from Japan,Mexico, the U.S., Serbia-Montenegro,Russia, and South Korea

This study evaluates the efficacy of Hofstede’s indexes of national culture in the context of public planning agencies across six countries—US, Mexico, Serbia-Montenegro, Russia, Japan, and South Korea. We surveyed 343 planning employees and computed separate one-way, between groups analyses of variance to test for overall differences in Hofstede’s indexes. We found that public planning officials across countries are significantly different on all five dimensions of culture. We comment on how cultural differences might factor into urban planners’ attitudes toward advocacy and social equity planning, market-based planning, citizen participation, rational planning, and other issues relevant to planners’ roles.     

基于跨层次被调节中介模型的新生代员工期望差距与离职意向研究

基于复合时空背景下28家企业的495名新生代员工和438名非新生代员工的调查问卷,考察新生代员工的期望差距对其离职意向的影响机制、职业承诺的中介作用以及环境自由的跨层调节作用,并运用多层次线性模型对跨层数据进行统计分析。研究结果表明:期望差距是“80后”和“90后”新生代员工离职意向的重要前因变量;职业承诺在“90后”新生代员工的期望差距与其离职意向之间起着部分中介作用,但是在“80后”新生代员工期望差距(现实工作与自我工作)与离职意向之间的中介作用不明显;组织环境自由对“90后”新生代员工的期望差距与离职意向的关系之间起到负向跨层调节作用,但在“80后”新生代员工的期望差距与离职意向的关系之间没有起到负向调节作用。     

Modeling corporate citizenship and turnover intention: social identity and expectancy theories

Drawing upon the expectancy theory and social identity theory, this study proposes a model that explains how perceived corporate citizenship influences turnover intention. In the proposed model, perceived economic and legal citizenships affect turnover intention indirectly via the full mediation of career development expectation, while perceived economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic citizenships impact turnover intention indirectly via the full mediation of organizational identification. The hypotheses of this study were empirically tested by conducting a survey on employees in the tourism industry. The empirical findings show that a firm’s corporate citizenship can provide a competitive advantage in retaining its employees by simultaneously boosting their career development expectation and organizational identification. Lastly, managerial implications and limitations of this study based on empirical results are presented for in-depth discussion.

     

National Culture and Industrial Relations and Pay Structures

The paper develops an explanatory model of comparative industrial relations and labour market structures based on national culture. The four cultural variables derived by Hofstede (Culture’s Consequences, Beverly Hills: Sage, 1984) are used to investigate the relationship between national culture and various dimensions of industrial relations and pay structures. The paper finds national culture to be associated with the centralization of bargaining, the extent of corporatism, the degree of co‐ordination in bargaining, the coverage of collective bargaining, trade union density, the extent of worker participation in decision making, and most dimensions of the pay structure. Hofstede’s MAS variable, measuring cultural values representing gender social structuring, is associated with both industrial relations institutions and the pay structure. The results provide support for our cultural model.     

Assessing ethical efficacy,workplace incivility,and turnover intention: a moderated-mediation model

Drawing upon the social cognitive theory and social identity theory, this study hypothesizes that ethical efficacy and perceived workplace incivility affect turnover intention via the full mediation of emotional exhaustion. At the same time, organizational identification is a moderator in the development of turnover intention. A field survey on 512 employees from high-tech and banking industries was conducted for empirical testing. Test results using structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression analyses reveal that emotional exhaustion fully mediates the relationship between workplace incivility and turnover intention, as well as between ethical efficacy and turnover intention. Organizational identification positively moderates the effect of workplace incivility on emotional exhaustion. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed based on the empirical findings.

     

Turnover intention: the effects of core self-evaluations,proactive personality,perceived organizational support,developmental feedback,and job complexity

Despite extensive examination of predictors for turnover and turnover intention, most studies have focused on attitudinal and behavioural aspects of individual employees. Based on a study of knowledge workers in a Korean conglomerate, we investigated the effects of personal (i.e. core self-evaluations and proactive personality) and contextual factors (i.e. perceived organizational support, developmental feedback, and job complexity) on turnover intention. There were modestly negative but significant correlations between the contextual factors and turnover intention. In addition, core self-evaluations were found to be negatively related to turnover intention. Managers and human resource development professionals could play a pivotal role in retention of these knowledge workers by building better practices related to organizational culture, providing job redesign, and engaging in other employee developmental practices such as coaching.     

Multilevel relationships between organizational-level incivility,justice and intention to stay

Abstract

This study extends incivility theory and research by applying multilevel theory and analysis to explain the effect of group-level incivility on intention to remain. Previous research has shown that experiencing workplace incivility is associated with adverse individual well-being and behaviour, such as turnover intentions, but the majority of research has been at the individual level of analysis. Consequently it is unknown whether incivility is also a group-level phenomenon, and what the effects of group-level incivility are on the individual. Results from over 34,000 employees working in 179 organizations across Australia and New Zealand showed that target reports of incivility could be aggregated to the level of the organization to form a shared stressor, incivility environment, which affected employees’ intention to remain over and above their personal experience of incivility. This shared or environmental incivility also had a cross-level interaction effect on the negative relationship between individual incivility and intention to remain, highlighting the importance of context on targets of incivility. The role of interactional justice climate was also examined and the data are consistent with justice having a mediating effect on the cross-level relationship between environmental incivility and intention to remain. The findings are relevant to studies of bullying and harassment.     

支持资源作用下的工作-家庭促进:情感倾向的调节作用

基于组织支持理论和资源保存理论,构建了支持资源作用下的工作-家庭促进模型,通过对40家制造业企业员工的问卷调查,采用多元调节回归的方法进行统计分析。研究结果表明,支持资源作用下的工作-家庭促进对员工组织情感承诺、工作满意度和离职意向有显著影响;情感倾向对支持资源作用下的工作-家庭促进与结果变量之间的关系有调节作用。当个体的情感倾向处于积极时,由组织支持资源带来的工作-家庭促进会显著提高员工的工作满意度、组织情感承诺,降低离职意向。     

中国劳动密集型制造业的生产力困境——企业社会责任的视角

在“用工荒”已经出现并将持续存在的情况下,中国劳动密集型制造业企业面临其特有的“生产力困境”.追求高度分工的运营策略虽然提高了企业的运营效率,但也使企业变得脆弱且反应迟钝,难以应对“用工荒”的挑战.本文尝试从企业社会责任的角度寻找帮助企业走出困境的办法.运用结构方程模型(SEM)通过对大样本(N=1185)企业员工问卷数据的分析,我们发现员工感知到的企业的社会责任努力能有效降低员工的离职意愿,同时提高其工作绩效;而且当企业采用高度分工策略时,上述关系变得更强.员工离职率的降低能有效提升企业应对“用工荒”的能力从而降低企业运营风险,员工工作绩效的提升将有助于改善企业整体运营效率.因此,我们认为企业的社会责任行为有助于缓解企业运营效率与运营灵活性之间的矛盾,帮助企业走出“生产力困境”.     

Assessing the effects of responsible leadership and ethical conflict on behavioral intention

This study develops a research model that elaborates how responsible leadership and ethical conflict influence employees from the perspectives of role theory and attachment theory. Its empirical results reveal that turnover intention indirectly relates to ethical conflict and responsible leadership via the mediating mechanisms of organizational identification and organizational uncertainty. At the same time, helping intention indirectly relates to ethical conflict and responsible leadership only through organizational identification. Finally, the managerial implications for international business and research limitations based on the empirical results are discussed.