社区教育深入发展中的若干问题

随着我国经济社会发展水平的不断提升,社区教育在促进地区、城市经济和社会发展中的作用与功效,日益引起我国各级政府部门的关注和重视,如何进一步深入推进社区教育发展亦成为社区教育实践与研究的重要问题.文章分别从推进社区教育深入发展的各种因素、社区教育资源的整合、社区教育学科建设等方面论述了今后我国推进社区教育实践与研究的若干...     

关于社区创新建设的几点思考--以上海市杨浦区为例

社区创新建设是城市现代化发展过程中的一个新课题 ,涉及小区、社区、城区及城市内部机制的调整和重构 ,它既是城市文明建设深入发展的内在要求 ,也是上海面向２１世纪构筑城市文明的基础性工程。近年来 ,杨浦区以邓小平理论为指导 ,不断分析现状 ,提出任务 ,锐意进取 ,使全区的社区创新建设呈现出勃勃生机。本文拟结合对该区社区现状的个案考察 ,对具有时代特征、中国特色和上海特点的社区创新建设的有效途径作一些探索性研究 ,进而从理论和实践上作一些前瞻性思考 ,并提出一些可操作性的方法。社区创新建设的近期操作思路面向２１世纪 ,建…     

社区学校与高校合作的模式研究

社区教育是一种区域教育,具有“全面”、“全程”、“全员”的显著特点,而社区学校又是社区教育的主要着力点。大量的实践证明,只有让社区学校与高校合作相互合作,才能够推动社区教育的快速、可持续性发展。本文以顺德为例,首先分析了顺德社区教育与高等教育概况,其次,研究了高校与社区学校的关系,并且探讨了社区教育与高等教育合作的必然性,最后,对社区学校与地方高校合作的模式进行了探讨,具有一定的参考价值。     

Implementing Community Social Work from a Social Services Department: Some Issues

Summary The proposal in the Barclay Report on the role and tasks ofsocial workers for ‘community social work’ as astrategy for social services departments is assessed The writerargues that the voluntary sector has significant roles and prioritiesoutside the social services, that government priorities forencouraging the voluntary sector emphasise other areas of workand that involving voluntary groups in official initiativesmay be seen as going against the independence of some groups.The motivation of groups and individuals in the voluntary sectorwill be important, but various research and practice shows thatindividuals, informal groups and mutual aid groups may be difficultto involve in a substantial programme. The climate of opinionin the field of volunteering and the social background of clients'neighbours may provoke hostility. Experience of community worksuggests that official initiatives may lead to resistance andconflict rather than involvement, and there may be ethical problemswith compulsion.     

Organizational Effects on Race Relations in Schools

This article identifies organizational structures and practices in schools that influence the frequency of interracial interactions, the likelihood ofcross-race friendships, and students' attitudes and behaviors toward members of different racial and ethnic groups. These formal and informal organizational practices include curriculum tracking, assignment to classes, attendance at school level functions, and extracurricular activities. The article discusses how the quality of interracial interactions and the resultingrelationships among students is influenced by the contexts of these different organizational practices, including students' status expectations, cooperative versus competitive modes of academic and extracurricular interactions, and educators' views on racial/ethnic issues and their preferences for instructional methods. By taking these effects into account, schools can make significant advances in promoting positive race relations.     

社区教育助推社区治理的思考

助推社区治理,是当前社区教育服务社区建设的重要议题,也是社区教育研究的热点命题。依据治理的基本特征,结合当前我国社区治理实践中存在的问题和困境,本文认为,社区教育应该从提升公众参与的组织化水平、提升居民的社区归属感、培育社区居民的现代公民意识等三个着力点推进社区治理创新。     

福利多元主义视角下中国城市社区服务供给主体的检视与思考

当前,我国社会福利社会化的福利政策与西方福利多元主义主张的社会福利来源多元化主张有诸多契合之处,在此背景下,社区服务作为社会福利社会化的基点与传送终端,也逐渐兴起并初步形成多元供给格局.文章以福利多元主义为视角,检视中国城市社区服务供给主体及存在的问题,借此进一步厘清并明确社区服务多元供给主体的角色定位和职能作用.     

民办学校财产权探析

民办学校应是指非政府和其他非国有性质的单位、个人利用非国有资产投资 ,形成前期固定资产的学校。目前 ,民办学校的财产权结构束缚了其发展。应建立类似于企业法人的财产权结构     

Electives in the Schools

The incorporation, into the curriculum of the Soviet general education schools, of elective courses for deeper theoretical and practical study of certain subjects is integrally associated with the imminent transition to universal secondary education.     

Social Class in Public Schools

This article shows the pattern of socioeconomic class differences in schooling outcomes and indicates some of the causes for those differences that lie within the public realm. Those causes include "nested inequalities" across boundaries of states, school districts, schools within a district, classes within a school, and sometimes separation within a class. In addition, urban public schools demonstrate a particular set of problems that generate differential schooling outcomes by economic class. The article also demonstrates ways in which class biases are closely entwined with racial and ethnic inequities. It concludes with the broad outlines of what would be necessary to reduce class (and racial) disparities in American public schools .

The American dream will succeed or fail in the 21 ^st century in direct proportion to our commitment to educate every person in the United States of America.
            —President Bill Clinton, 1995 ( Clinton, 1995 : 617)

There is no greater test of our national responsibility than the quality of the education we provide.
      —Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore, 2000 ( Gore, 2000 )

Both parties have been talking about education for quite a while. It's time to come together to get it done, so that we can truthfully say in America: No child will be left behind.
                —President George W. Bush, 2001 ( Bush, 2001 )

     

Social Studies in Today's Schools

The need to create a new social studies course is mandated by cardinal changes in the country—by the desire to resurrect Russian statehood and overcome the "image of the enemy" in relations with other states; by substantial changes in the social sciences and opportunities that have opened up to explore the diversity of worldview positions, by perestroika in the sphere of education, designed to make it more humane and to shape citizens who are integrated into contemporary society and desirous of improving it; and by educators' and school students' vigorous rejection of the old content of the social disciplines. The old content deprived students of the opportunity to become properly acquainted with the multicolored picture of contemporary life in the country and the world; it failed to foster the correct orientation under rapidly changing circumstances and realization of one's own place in them.     

Competitiveness in Schools and Delinquency

Some theories to explain the relationship between school failure and delinquency are examined. It is argued that it is the condition of status deprivation through being given a low rank on the status hierarchy of the school that leads to delinquency. Policies of equality of opportunity achieve a reordering of children on the hierarchy, but leave the hierarchy itself intact. Delinquency may be part of a more general pathology which arises from competitiveness in schools.     

论当前社区教育中的社区工作者培训

社区工作者是联系政府与社区居民的桥梁和纽带,是构建和谐社区的关键责任者。对社区工作者的培训是对教育者的教育,对社区教育有重大意义。     

社会工作介入社区矫正的过程分析

社区矫正是一项包括刑罚执行、社会工作和社区的综合过程,社区矫正过程与社会工作的过程具有一致性,分析社会工作介入社区矫正的过程对服刑人员(矫正对象)顺利回归社会起着重要作用。     

中国农村基层社区社会工作的制度思考

本文简要分析了农村社区建设的现状及存在问题,并指出中国农村加强和完善专业社会工作的相关建议。指出,新农村建设需要建立和完善农村统一的基本公共服务与管理体系,大力发展农村社区教育,促进社区社会工作的形成,完善农村专业社会工作队伍建设,发挥其在政府与农民之间的桥梁作用。中国农村基层社区专业社会工作必将在社会主义新农村建设中发挥重大作用。     

A Developmental Perspective on Community Service in Adolescence

A substantial number of U.S. adolescents currently participate in community service and there is increased national interest in service programs. This article assesses the assumption of developmental benefits to service participants by critically reviewing 44 empirical studies. It offers a theoretical framework for understanding the findings by connecting them to identity development and delineating three pertinent concepts: agency, social relatedness, and moral-political awareness. These concepts are applied to studies that investigate: (1) the characteristics and motivations of participants, (2) the effects of service, and (3) the process of service. The findings support the conclusion that service activities which provide opportunities for intense experiences and social interactions are often associated with prasocial development. The findings also point to the need for more studies focused on particular service programs and on relationships between service providers and those served.     

英国社区老年人再学习现象浅析与启示

结合作者在英国莱斯特考察,总结分析了英国社区老年人教育4方面的特色,得到对广州社区老年教育的5点启示。