Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

H2O/CO2污染对煤油燃料超声速燃烧影响数值研究

在纯净空气与H₂O/ CO₂污染空气来流对比试验结果基础上,采用数值计算方法和化学动力学方法,研究了H₂O和CO₂污染组分对煤油燃料超声速燃烧的影响,获得了试验手段难以得到的燃烧室流场参数和性能数据。完成了相应的煤油燃料超声速燃烧室二维数值计算,其中匹配了进口总温、总压、马赫数、氧气摩尔分数和工作当量油气比。将数值计算结果与相应试验测量值进行了对比分析,并结合燃烧室流场数据、性能参数分析了H₂O和CO₂污染的动力学影响、以及对燃烧室性能的影响。研究表明:(1)数值计算结果与实验测量值总体上吻合,两种手段均体现了纯净空气来流时不同煤油当量油气比的燃烧室性能,并反映了一致的“污染效应”影响趋势;(2) H₂O污染、H₂O+ CO₂污染的存在降低了煤油燃料超声速燃烧室性能,体现在燃烧诱导压升、燃烧效率、流向冲量增量的下降,而且随着污染组分含量的增加,燃烧室性能下降越加显著。      

Patterns of im/mobility,conflict and the re/making of identity narratives*

ABSTRACT

This paper analyses the interrelationship between patterns of im/mobility on the one hand and the reconstitution of social collective identities and the related emergence or settlement of conflicts on the other. The main arguments are (1) that the im/mobility of a social or cultural group has major impact on how identity narratives, a sense of belonging and relationships to ‘others’ are shaped, and vice versa, and (2) that these dynamics are closely interlinked with mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion between groups and power structures that involve a broad variety of actors. Mainly looking at patterns of internal mobility such as ‘traditional’ or strategic mobilities and mobilities enforced by crisis, conflict or governmental programmes and regimes, the contribution provides the conceptual background for a special issue that aims to go beyond currently predominant issues of transnational migration. Established or emerging dynamics of (non-)integration and belonging, caused by im/mobility, are analysed on a cultural and political level, which involves questions of representation, indigeneity/autochthony, political rights and access to land and other resources. Conflict situations in contexts of mobility involve changes in the social understanding and renegotiation, reconstruction or reproduction of group identities and narratives with reference to certain socio-political and historical patterns. The legitimation of rights and access to various forms of citizenship and mobility need to be understood against the backdrop of emerging or established mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion between groups, which trigger or settle conflicts and make social identities to be constantly renegotiated.     

中国的艾滋病危机

中国正面对着现代化带来的两难抉择危险与机会共存.中国特定的政治、社会和经济制度加剧了对外开放带来的危险.曾被中国官员们当作西方问题的艾滋病问题,近年才受到北京的严重关注.不断强化的艾滋病问题将对中国造成巨大影响.对面临着一场巨大规模的传染病的中国政府而言,战胜危机将十分艰难.     

少数民族防治艾滋病的思考

有关资料显示,中国少数民族中艾滋病病毒感染者所占比例高于汉族许多.目前,傣族和景颇族是艾滋病病毒感染率最高的两个少数民族.历年来,艾滋病病毒感染者报告最多的省份为云南、新疆、广西、广东、四川等省、自治区.其中云南、新疆、四川局部地区均为少数民族聚居区.从人类学"文化生存"概念为切入点,探索少数民族在艾滋病流行时面临的风险和易受伤害性.     

论全球化与民族文化

全球化是一种不可回避的趋势 ,对民族文化将产生重大而深远的影响 ,导致各民族社会的转型、文化的重新整合。本文从全球化的角度来重新审视中国民族文化的变迁 ,探讨了全球化进程中文化价值冲突、文化的融合、文化在全球化图景中的状态、当代传承的途径等多维关系。文中指出全球化对民族文化来说是一把双刃剑 ,具有风险也存在机遇。但在中国的社会环境中机遇大于风险 ,只要积极对应 ,就可以获得在吸收外部先进文化的同时 ,又使自己的民族文化走向世界、获取更大发展空间的双重机遇     

卷首语

自改革开放以来,中央先后制定出台了关于"三农"问题的"一号文件"若干个,各位社会责任感极强的学者纷纷紧密结合农业、农村和农民的实际,在中国农村问题研究中取得了突出的成就.     

人类学关注艾滋病

人类学在发展过程中,一直注重研究疾病与社会政治、经济及文化的关系.世纪之交的中国,艾滋病问题日愈严重,引起人类学者的集体关注和行动,已经造成了一定的"话语声势"和社会影响.艾滋病这场世纪瘟疫对人文社会科学研究提出了严峻的挑战,也为人类学学科利用自己的武库为现实服务并发展自身提供了机遇.     

Biculturalism and Architecture in Aotearoa/New Zealand

Europeans have long questioned the relevance and significance of indigenous architecture for contemporary life in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Maori architecture in turn has been influenced from first contact and continues to be shaped and respond to social change. However, there is very little architecture that can be called 'bicultural', other than the so-called Maori church Rangiatea of 1851 and Futuna Chapel over one hundred years later. The architect of Futuna, John Scott, in the Maori Battalion building pointed in possible directions but these were not taken up by the National Museum of New Zealand (Te Papa Tongareva).     

卷首语

"有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎。"这一句妇孺皆知的名言,已经延伸为中国人的好客尚礼之道。中国被世人誉为"礼仪之邦",好客之礼是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,深入社会生活,直面政治经济。近年来,随着中国旅游业的快速发展,"好客中国"已被纳入国家国际形象展     

卷首语

自近代以来,中国国内各政治派别和社会团体在不同的历史时期开展了如火如茶的乡村建设运动,从中提炼具有中国特色的乡村建设思想可以为继续推动农村改革发展提供借鉴的历史经验,为社会主义新农村建设提供丰富而鲜活的实践案例和经验借鉴。新中国成立以来,中国农村     

《圣经》与西方文学——从《圣经》视野解读西方文学研究之一

《圣经》与西方文学存在着根深蒂固的关系,但由于意识形态和文化心理的种种原因,我国在从《圣经》视野解读西方文学方面仍是一个薄弱环节.忽略《圣经》视野,致使在西方文学理解上出现了诸多误读.从《圣经》视野解读西方文学可从《圣经》知识、《圣经》象征、《圣经》观念三方面着手.     

Poverty and HIV/AIDS in Apartheid South Africa

This article constitutes an attempt to put forward some suggestions towards constructing a framework of understanding the processes of social construction of sexuality and gender identity within the context of the ethnic conflict, and of nationalist/ populist politics in former Yugoslavia. In particular, it focuses on the ways in which masculinist discourse is articulated to the politics of ethnicity in former Yugoslavia, by examining the definition and treatment of women as 'biological reproducers of the nation' through the discourses and policy proposals of moral majority nationalist and pro-life movements in Croatia and Slovenia, and of the nationalist movement and regime in Serbia, and the use of rape and sexual assault against women as 'weapons' in the ethnic conflict in Bosnia and other republics of former Yugoslavia.     

Im/mobile highly skilled migrants in Qatar*

Most studies on the mobility of highly skilled migrants have been examined with a framework of global talent mobility and under conditions of neoliberal governance and economic globalization. In this study we challenge the notion of the hypermobile knowledge worker. Utilizing mixed methods, we examine the factors that attracted highly skilled migrants to Qatar and the conditions under which they might leave in the future. Rather than finding a group of footloose migrants attracted primarily to high-wage jobs, a lack of taxation or amenities, and with multiple alternative locations of residence, we find that highly skilled migrants exist on a spectrum of immobility. More significantly, this immobility depends on the migrant’s region of origin. For Asian and Western migrants immobility is attributed to the Kafala system or employer sponsorship, which hinders occupational and spatial mobility and ties workers to their sponsors. Arab highly skilled migrants are especially affected by lack of security and stability in their home countries, which makes these workers involuntarily immobile. The former group seem to be willing to accept a reduced level of agency and mobility for high income, whereas for the latter security and stability are more fundamental to their decision to come to Qatar.     

The Impact of School Bullying on Racial/Ethnic Achievement

Significant bodies of scholarship have explored family background and its implications for racial/ethnic differences in academic achievement. Much less attention, however, has focused on the ways in which victimization in schools—and bullying in particular—may impact student performance. Drawing on nationally representative data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 and employing multilevel analysis from four racial/ethnic groups (Asian, black, Latino, and white), this study examines: (1) the impact of bullying on achievement and (2) the extent to which high- or low-achieving students are more vulnerable to bullying. Results indicate that bullying is relatively more frequent among blacks who are higher achievers and that bullying has equally detrimental consequences on later achievement for all racial/ethnic groups considered in this study. These findings are discussed relative to prior research on racial/ethnic inequality, education, and victimization, and also public policy efforts to address bullying in schools.     

艾滋病预防研究中的医学人类学述评

医学人类学的特色贡献在于深入分析导致艾滋病传播的社会文化、政治经济动因,并把这些因素考虑到预防实践中,为长期有效的行为干预提供依据和指导.目前中国的艾滋病预防实践需要医学人类学的参与,生物医学和医学人类学观点相结合的理论与实践都有很大发展空间.