Entscheidungsunterstützung unter Berücksichtigung der Anforderungen von Entscheidungsträgern am Beispiel der Gestaltung von optionalen Girokonto-Tarifen

Quantitative decision models are used only if managers’ implementation conditions are met. Decision makers want tools that offer a set of good solutions so that they can evaluate different solutions according to various objectives without being forced to make their trade-offs explicit in a functional form. This also allows taking into account strategic aspects that cannot be modeled otherwise. In such situations, heuristics are needed which derive solutions from the structure and not so much from the mathematical properties. We present such a decision support tool for the problem of determining a menu of optional tariffs for checking accounts. The heuristic is based on the idea that for reasonably separable preferences across segments it is the best to offer for each segment the most preferred product. We use latent class choice-based conjoint analysis to estimate customer preferences and develop a customized choice-based conjoint design to take differences in individual demand into account. The proposed heuristic was used to support an actual decision problem for which the profit contribution has been increased substantially without having faced a considerable loss of customers.     

Corporate Governance und Eigenkapitalkosten - Bestandsaufnahme des Schrifttums unter besonderer Ber��cksichtigung des Informationsaspektes und Forschungsperspektiven

The present paper provides an overview of research concerning the relationship between corporate governance and the cost of equity capital. The purpose is to explore whether and to what extent corporate governance attributes manifest in firms?? cost of capital. Since the separation of ownership and control is seen as the starting point for the academic thinking on this issue, the term of corporate governance from a shareholder perspective is discussed in more detail. Apart from this terminological discussion the emphasis of this paper lies on the critical review of theoretical and empirical literature. In conducting this review, empirical concepts measuring the relevant dimensions and their potential limitations are explained. Based on these limitations I suggest opportunities for expanding research on the relationship between corporate governance and cost of equity capital, thereby showing future research directions.     

Abschlussprüferhaftung bei unpräzisen Sorgfaltsstandards und Ambiguitätsaversion

The Ellsberg-paradox suggests that individuals are subject to ambiguity aversion. When the standard of due care is not precisely defined, the context of auditor’s liability can be considered as an ambiguity situation. The paper shows that compared to an Expected Utility framework an ambiguity-averse auditor will exert less care with low damage payments but higher care with high damage payments. Hence, it might be advisable to put a liability cap. With strict liability there is no ambiguity situation and thus, there are no distortions from ambiguity aversion.     

Modellierung von Aktienanlagen bei laufenden Umschichtungen und einer Besteuerung von Veräußerungsgewinnen

This paper develops a technique which simplifies the calculation of terminal values of share investments when portfolio turnovers repeatedly trigger capital gains taxation. So far, the calculations of these values are difficult, due to recursive dependencies, which cannot be expressed by geometric series. Using our technique, tax burdens of differently taxed forms of share investments can be determined in an easy way even if these methods imply different elements of deferred taxation (equity funds, certificates, preferred taxed pension plans). The simplification is reached by assuming a specific trading strategy. This strategy is in line with empirically observed investor behavior which is characterized by periodical portfolio turnovers and reluctance to realize taxable capital gains.     

Klassenkämpfe – Trotz und Leidenschaft an einer Pariser Brennpunktschule

The place of work is a class in a school in the multiethnic district in Paris. The film shows that the school is the hub between the family and society that paves the way for young people to enter the culture. Teachers are transitional objects between the bonds in the family and the outward orientation on which the pupils can project their ambivalent feelings from love to hate. The teacher “Monsieur Marin” resonates with these feelings and does not conceal his own. If it is possible to flexibly handle the resistances in the form of infantile dependency, inadequate combat/flight behavior, and disturbing paired formation, the class gains strength and is capable of working. If integration of other ethnic groups is to be achieved by appreciating the new home without denying its own origin, then a class like this is the best place for it.     

Inszenierungen von Macht und Ohnmacht bei der Auftragsklärung und im Erstkontakt

Performances of power and powerlessness can be performed or enacted at the very beginning between counselor and client system. To create a “potential space” (Winnicott) it is essential to discover the play of power and weakness initially to take benefit from it for the counselling process. Four cases illustrate variations of this kind and their handling.     

‘Präsenz- und Voice-Coaching für Frauen

One maxim of career is “the lower the pitch of voice the higher the income.” In this regard Voice-Coaching is of definite interest especially for women in business. This article focuses on small-group coaching, a holistic approach combining Voice and Psychology. The course includes abdominal breathing to improve both the sound of the voice and self-assurance in presentations; the use of the natural pitch of the voice; dynamics of voice; care of the voice for professional speakers and improvised speaking. In addition to the exercises, the participants are encouraged to reflect on their own experience of “social stage” in business, their social roles and opportunities to exert their influence and improve the image they portray.     

Wertschöpfungspotenziale und strategische Implikationen einer Öffnung von Informationsressourcen – Phänomenologie und ein Bezugsrahmen

For some years, companies have successfully harnessed the value-creation potential of external resources by opening up their information resources, thus increasing considerably the value of their own resources. Corresponding phenomena, however, cannot be explained by common resource-based approaches. By providing a structure, our article contributes to a deeper understanding of this issue. We develop a framework, grounded in the Resource-Based View, that differentiates phenomena of opening up information resources between two dimensions: (1) access and (2) control. Our analysis motivates an extended view of information resources management that also accounts for enterprise-external resources. We conceptualize this view as the “management of information spheres,” highlighting the need for further research in the field of value creation related to external resources.     

Narzissmus und Derailment – wenn Führungskräfte entgleisen

For a long time, leadership concepts were dominated by human resource development of successful managers. In recent years, management failure (“derailment”) came into focus of discussions. The causes of derailment are multifactorial involving personality traits, job-related challenges and the work environment. Considering personality traits, the correlation between narcissism and leadership is of late gaining attention. Dual concepts of narcissism have been developed in order to explain narcissists’ predisposition for leading positions, and on the other hand they reveal narcissism as a risk factor for management failure. Both sides of narcissism are relevant for organizational consulting, coaching, and supervision. They provide effective concepts for prevention of derailment.     

Zum Zusammenhang von Führungsqualität und Burnout- bzw. Mobbingprävention

The author discusses how workplace-related phenomena with a high socio-emotional pressure like burn out or workplace bullying relate to the leadership quality or leadership culture of an organisation. Workplace bullying and burn out are thus not understood as mere individual problems but rather are analyzed in an organisational context. The hypothesis developed in this article is that leadership quality can make a considerable contribution to preventing workplace bullying and burn out. The author develops a frame of action at which intervention levels and with what intervention forms one can pro-actively and preventively counteract workplace bullying and burn out.     

Open Government: Theoretische Bezüge und konzeptionelle Grundlagen einer neuen Entwicklung in Staat und ?ffentlichen Verwaltungen

New models of innovation have suggested that the innovation process of product and service development is becoming more open, emphasizing the importance of external knowledge and systematically involving external actors and sources in innovation endeavours. The growing success of open innovation practices in many firms raises the question whether these principles can be transferred for reinventing public sector organisations. Beyond technocratic eGovernment and digitalization effort, but with support of web 2.0 technology, we present first examples of how external collaboration and innovation with citizens for public administrations can offer new ways of citizen integration, enhancing public value creation and the political decision making process. In the following, theoretical references and conceptual foundations of this development are identified. By intensive use of internet technologies the aim of Open Government is to achieve more transparency, more participation and a closer collaboration with the various stakeholders in the public sector.     

Zum Verhältnis von Wertadditivität bei Sicherheitsäquivalenten und Risikoanalyse — Replik zu den Anmerkungen „Sicherheitsäquivalente sind nicht überflüssig!“ von Björn Häckel, Christian Holtz und Hans Ulrich Buhl

Zusammenfassung  Die Forderung nach Geldmarktinvarianz in der Risikoanalyse impliziert weder Invarianz des Sicherheits?quivalentes im Hinblick auf den Kassenbestand (additive Konstante) noch Invarianz im Hinblick auf die Finanzierungsstruktur (multiplikative Konstante) des Investors. Hingegen kann sowohl konstante absolute Risikoaversion (Invarianz bezüglich additiver Konstanten) also auch konstante relative Risikoaversion (Invarianz bezüglich multiplikativer Konstanten) durchaus kompatibel mit Geldmarktinvarianz sein. Aus der Wertadditivit?t des Sicherheits?quivalentes bezüglich additiver Konstanten folgt jedoch Geldmarktinvarianz.

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On the relationship between value additivity of certainty equivalents and risk analysis

Summary  If the valuation of risky cash flow streams is independent of transactions in a perfect money market (as required in the so-called risk analysis), this does neither imply value additivity of the certainty equivalent with respect to additive constants, i.e. cash holdings, nor with respect to multiplicative constant, i.e. the capital structure of the investor. But both, constant absolute and constant relative risk aversion, i.e. value additivity with respect to additive and multiplicative constants, respectively, can be consistent with money market invariance. However, value additivity regarding additive constants implies money market invariance.

     

Zum Einfluss der Inhaberführung auf die Betriebsrat-Geschäftsführer-Beziehung – Eine theoretische und empirische Analyse in mittelständischen Unternehmen

This paper examines the quality of the relationship between business managements and works councils in small and medium-sized enterprises and strives for answering the question, which factors determine the quality. As ownership is an important determining factor of the establishment of works councils in small and medium-sized businesses, especially the impact of ownership on this relationship has been investigated. Agency theory and stewardship theory give hints that the owner management can have different impacts on this relationship. In order to test these contradictory hypotheses we have estimated a Heckman selection model to investigate which factors determine the quality of the relationship between business managements and works councils. Our results based on data generated from a survey in small and medium-sized enterprises conducted by the IfM Bonn in the years 2005 and 2006 indicate that ownership has a negative influence on the establishment of works councils, but a positive one on the quality of the relationship between business management and works council. Thus, the hypotheses predicting the existence of stewardship behaviour among owners and the existence of agency behaviour among managers can be confirmed.     

Bilanzmanipulation und Managementpräferenzen bezüglich der Strenge des Systems der Rechnungslegungsregulierung

The present paper analyses the political economy of accounting regulation. It develops a game theoretic model of earnings management in a capital market context. Various forms of information asymmetry are examined. The analysis shows that the preferences of managers over the strictness of accounting regulation depend on the nature of the information asymmetry. In a number of instances, managers prefer to be subject to strict regulation. This result contradicts the often heard assertion that managers prefer lax regulation and has implications for regulatory competition.     

Standardisierte Qualitätsinformationen und ihr Einfluss auf die Wahl von Leistungsanbietern – Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie am Beispiel der Qualitätsberichte von Krankenhäusern

This study analyses the impact of standardized quality information of complex services on decisions, exemplified for Germany’s hospital quality reports. The presumed impact of quality information on decisions is based on theoretical considerations and hypotheses are developed accordingly. Though results of two experiments show that simplified quality indicators used in the quality reports for hospitals basically lead to consistent decisions, results also show that the impact of standardized quality information on decisions is not stable. It is disturbed and superimposed by the effects of additionally presented quality information. Implications for competition on hospital markets and for the effectiveness of standardized quality information as they are used in the hospitals’ quality reports are discussed as well as general conclusions about standardized information of complex services are drawn.     

Belastungs- und Preiswirkungen der Missbrauchsbesteuerung bei Anteilsveräußerung nach Sacheinlage in eine Kapitalgesellschaft

In cases of contribution of assets into a corporation and subsequent sale of the participation by the shareholder within a retention period of seven years, the anti-abuse provision of article 22 paragraph 1 UmwStG is applied. Underlying the effects of the anti-abuse regulation on marginal share prices, the analysis shows no tax induced disadvantage in comparison with conventional law, provided that the present value of tax savings resulting from the increase in depreciation caused by the anti-abuse regulation is high enough and compensated in the purchase price. In terms of transparency and tax-law simplification, rejection of this anti-abuse provision is required.     

Träume im Coaching Ein Beispiel und ein Leitfaden für kollegiale Traumdialoge

Dreams in Coaching. A case study and a guide for dialogues on dreamsAn approach to dreams is offered, that invites consultant into working with dreams even if they are not trained as psychologists. Through an intuitive and creative dialogue with images the consultant as well as the client come into a dialogue with their unconscious perceptions of the development. While discussing the process of a specific case it will be shown how working with dreams helps to understand, to shape, and to control. Hereby it will be illustrated how the consultant can do it and how things relate to each other. Finally an guide for dialogues on dreams describes useful attitudes, questions and experiments in working with dreams.     

Zur Aktualität des Kompetenzbegriffs und zur Bedeutung der Kompetenz-entwicklung für das Coaching

The popular use of the term “competence” and the significance of competence development in coachingThe term “competence” is frequently used by employers, employees, trainers and authors alike, though in many cases the concept behind this term might differ considerably. But what does competence really mean, how does competence differ from other concepts like qualification, ability and skill and what is essential in developing competencies? If competence is seen as a disposition of self-organization, it helps people to solve unknown and difficult requirements based on their knowledge. The basic aim of coaching is the development of job-related competencies. Particularly social and personal competencies can be highly improved and enlarged by coaching. Thereby the coach takes the role of a consultant, who assists the coachees during their learning process and supports them with appropriate methods and tools.