部分线性变系数模型的Backfitting约束估计

作为部分线性模型与变系数模型的推广,部分线性变系数模型是一类应用广泛的半参数模型.文章主要研究该模型线性部分存在约束条件下的估计和检验问题,首先基于backfitting方法给出了常数系数以及变系数部分的约束估计,其次构造了检验统计量用于检验约束条件.     

部分函数型线性变系数模型的序列相关检验

部分函数型线性变系数模型(PFLVCM)是近几年出现的一个比较灵活、应用广泛的新模型。在实际应用中,搜集到的经济和金融数据往往存在序列相关性。如果不考虑数据间的相关性直接对其进行建模,会影响模型中参数估计的精度和有效性。本文主要研究了PFLVCM中误差的序列相关性的检验问题,基于经验似然,把标量时间序列数据相关性检验的方法拓展到函数型数据中,提出了经验对数似然比检验统计量,并在零假设下得到了检验统计量的近似分布。通过蒙特卡洛数值模拟说明该统计量在有限样本下有良好的水平和功效。最后,把该方法用于检验美国商业用电消费数据是否有序列相关性,证明该统计量的有效性和实用性。     

非寿险准备金评估的广义线性模型

在非寿险准备金评估实务中,保险公司通常应用链梯法和B-F法等确定性模型,但这类模型无法对准备金的预测结果进行统计检验,因此广义线性模型受到了越来越多的关注.在假设增量赔款服从指数分布族的情况下,讨论广义线性模型在准备金评估中的应用,并通过一个实际的流量三角形数据进行实证检验.     

基于贝叶斯偏态线性混合模型的费率厘定

线性混合模型是非寿险费率厘定的主要方法之一。通常的线性混合模型假设随机误差项服从正态分布,而保险损失数据往往具有右偏特征,这使得该模型在非寿险费率厘定中的应用受到一定影响。在通常的线性混合模型基础上,假设随机误差项服从偏态分布,即可建立偏态线性混合模型,从而改善费率厘定结果的合理性。基于一组实际的保险损失数据,应用贝叶斯MCMC方法建立几个不同的偏态线性混合模型,并与正态分布假设下的线性混合模型进行对比,实证检验偏态线性混合模型在非寿险费率厘定中的优越性。     

部分线性模型非参数部分的多项式类关系的检验

对于部分线性模型中非参数部分是否为多项式函数的检验问题,应该先确定其是否为多项式函数类。通过对部分线性模型的拟合残差进行再光滑,基于其变化的趋势性构造统计量以检验其是否为多项式函数类,给出了计算检验P-值的精确算法和三阶矩χ2逼近方法,模拟例子与实际例子充分显示了本方法的有效性。     

Panel—Data下Granger因果检验的理论和应用发展综述

Panel-Data下Granger因果检验的相关理论是最近几年才发展起来的,现有的研究提出了关于Panel-Data下Granger因果检验的四个基本假设:同质无因果关系假设(HNCH)、同质因果关系假设(HCH)、异质因果关系假设(HECH)以及异质无因果关系假设(HENCH),根据检验参数的特点给出三种类型的检验模型:固定系数模型、随机系数模型和混合固定随机系数模型。目前,还只有固定系数模型的相关理论较为完善,另外两种模型的检验还都存在一定的难度。因此,只有从理论研究和实际应用两个方面对该理论进行阐述,并对现有的理论进行简要的评述,才可指出其存在的不足及可能的改进方向。     

线性模型中变点检测的算法分析

文章介绍了线性模型中对于回归变点检测的已有方法,包括在正态分布的假设下采用一个经验似然型的Wald计量和基于经验似然比检验统计量检测方法。还利用对经验似然法的改进给出了一个新的变点检测方法,其中包含了两个不同检验统计量,并给出了具体算法步骤,最后通过模拟比较这几种方法的检验效果,结果显示：新的变点检测方法在很大程度上提高了变点检测问题的功效和命中率。     

油气开发的实物期权特征及应用B-S模型的条件检验

分析石油开发期权特征以及应用B-S模型的假设条件,并使用SPSS软件的K-S检验以及Q-Q图分析方法,通过对纽约伦敦两大石油交易所原油价格数据的研究,验证了石油价格遵循对数正态分布的假设,从而检验了石油开发期权应用B-S模型评价中几何布朗运动的前提条件假设。     

线性GMDH参数模型的无偏估计研究

 多元线性回归分析中,参数无偏性是参数估计方法的一个重要指标。本文对线性GMDH参数模型建立多元线性模型进行了研究,得到以下结论：一,在满足经典线性回归模型的假设条件下,其参数估计量具有无偏的性质;二,在满足其它假设条件下,可以在样本量少于待估参数的情况下建模,估计的参数也是无偏的;三,用参数GMHD方法建模时,它对完全多重共线性是免疫的。     

基于Spline-GARCH模型的股票市场长期波动趋势的度量

文章利用Engle和Rangel(2008)最新提出的Spline-GARCH模型对我国股票市场长期波动趋势进行研究,把波动分为瞬时高频波动部分和缓慢变化的长期低频时变波动部分,放松了传统GARCH类和SV类模型假设非条件波动是常数的限制,实证检验了该模型的有效性。并对引起股票市场低频波动的原因进行了分析,研究了低频时变波动与GDP、CPI、货币供应量M1以及利率波动的关系。     

An algorithm for discrete chebychev curve fitting for the simple model using a dual linear programming approach

An algorithm, in t h e form of a Fortran subroutine TRIPLE,is given to compute statistics forthetriples test for symmetry, The 2 computational complexity of the algorithm is O(n² ) which is an 3 improvement over the straightforward method, which is O(n³).     

Distribution of the biased hypothesis sum of squares in linear models with missing observations

In a linear model with missing observations, one can substitute algebraic quantities and then minimize the error sum of squares for the augmented model. This gives the correct error sum of squares. But this method does not produce the correct hypothesis sum of squares for testing a linear hypothesis about the parameters. The sum of squares obtained is biased but practitioners still use it. The distribution of this biased sum of squares is derived in this paper and the consequences of using this biased sum of squares on the type I and II errors is examined.     

Recursive improvement of estimates in a Gauss-Markov model with linear restrictions

The minimum-dispersion linear unbiased estimator of a set of estimable functions in a general Gauss-Markov model with double linear restrictions is considered. The attention is focused on developing a recursive formula in which an initial estimator, obtained from the unrestricted model, is corrected with respect to the restrictions successively incorporated into the model. The established formula generalizes known results developed for the simple Gauss-Markov model.     

Nearest Neighbor Adjusted Best Linear Unbiased Prediction

Statistical inference for linear models has classically focused on either estimation or hypothesis testing of linear combinations of fixed effects or of variance components for random effects. A third form of inference—prediction of linear combinations of fixed and random effects—has important advantages over conventional estimators in many applications. None of these approaches will result in accurate inference if the data contain strong, unaccounted for local gradients, such as spatial trends in field-plot data. Nearest neighbor methods to adjust for such trends have been widely discussed in recent literature. So far, however, these methods have been developed exclusively for classical estimation and hypothesis testing. In this article a method of obtaining nearest neighbor adjusted (NNA) predictors, along the lines of “best linear unbiased prediction,” or BLUP, is developed. A simulation study comparing “NNABLUP” to conventional NNA methods and to non-NNA alternatives suggests considerable potential for improved efficiency.     

On quadratic estimation of heteroscedastic variances

Beginning with a brief introduction to the general theory the concept of Bayes invariant quadratic unbiased estimators (BAIQUEs) founded by Kleffe and Pingus(1974)is applied to combined samples with a common mean and different variances.Explicite formulas for Baique under these special assumptions are derived.Finally,some numerical comparisons of the variance function of Baiques under different prior distributions are given.     

General ridge predictors in a mixed linear model

This paper mainly aims to put forward two estimators for the linear combination of fixed effects and random effects, and to investigate their properties in a general mixed linear model. First, we define the notion of a Type-I general ridge predictor (GRP) and obtain two sufficient conditions for a Type-I GRP to be superior over the best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP). Second, we establish the relationship between a Type-I GRP and linear admissibility, which results in the notion of Type-II GRP. We show that a linear predictor is linearly admissible if and only if it is a Type-II GRP. The superiority of a Type-II GRP over the BLUP is also obtained. Third, the problem of confidence ellipsoids based on the BLUP and Type-II GRP is investigated.     

A note comparing component-slope,Scheffé and Cox parameterizations of the linear mixture experiment model

A mixture experiment involves combining two or more components in various proportions and collecting data on one or more responses. A linear mixture model may adequately represent the relationship between a response and mixture component proportions and be useful in screening the mixture components. The Scheffé and Cox parameterizations of the linear mixture model are commonly used for analyzing mixture experiment data. With the Scheffé parameterization, the fitted coefficient for a component is the predicted response at that pure component (i.e. single-component mixture). With the Cox parameterization, the fitted coefficient for a mixture component is the predicted difference in response at that pure component and at a pre-specified reference composition. This article presents a new component-slope parameterization, in which the fitted coefficient for a mixture component is the predicted slope of the linear response surface along the direction determined by that pure component and at a pre-specified reference composition. The component-slope, Scheffé, and Cox parameterizations of the linear mixture model are compared and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.     

Asymptotic Optimality of Sparse Linear Discriminant Analysis with Arbitrary Number of Classes

Many sparse linear discriminant analysis (LDA) methods have been proposed to overcome the major problems of the classic LDA in high‐dimensional settings. However, the asymptotic optimality results are limited to the case with only two classes. When there are more than two classes, the classification boundary is complicated and no explicit formulas for the classification errors exist. We consider the asymptotic optimality in the high‐dimensional settings for a large family of linear classification rules with arbitrary number of classes. Our main theorem provides easy‐to‐check criteria for the asymptotic optimality of a general classification rule in this family as dimensionality and sample size both go to infinity and the number of classes is arbitrary. We establish the corresponding convergence rates. The general theory is applied to the classic LDA and the extensions of two recently proposed sparse LDA methods to obtain the asymptotic optimality.     

When can random effects be treated as fixed effects for computing a test statistic for a linear hypothesis?

The Idea of treating the random effects as fixed for constructing a test for a linear hypothesis (of fixed effects) in a mixed linear model is considered in this paper. The paper examines when such a test statistic can be computed and what are its distributional properties with respect to the actual mixed model.     

Accent on Teaching Materials: Notices and Reviews of Important Teaching Materials

In contrast to the analysis of variance of fully fixed or fully random component models, the analysis of variance of mixed models is fraught with potential pitfalls. It is fortunate that there are simple rules for the correct analysis of balanced data; in the case of unbalanced data there are no simple results. The potential pitfalls in the path of a correct analysis are well-known. Despite this, some computer packages still report incorrect results for the balanced model and some textbooks gloss over or ignore some of these pitfalls.