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1.
‘Wellbeing’ is a key concept in the study of children’s lives over time, given its potential to link the objective, subjective,
and inter-subjective dimensions of their experiences in ways that are holistic, contextualized and longitudinal. For this
reason wellbeing is one of the core concepts used by Young Lives, a 15-year project (2000–2015) that follows the lives of
12,000 children growing up in the context of poverty in Ethiopia, Peru, Vietnam and Andhra Pradesh (India) (see ). This paper examines a selection of methods being used by Young Lives to capture aspects of child wellbeing in the context
of a range of children’s life experiences related to poverty, specific risks and protective processes. It draws on a review
of the literature on child-focused methods and on recent experiences piloting three core qualitative methods in the four study
countries. The paper reports the development of a methodology that is child-centred, but also acknowledges that every child
is embedded within a network of social and economic relationships.
相似文献
Gina CrivelloEmail: |
2.
This paper discusses the advantages and challenges of using qualitative methods to elicit poor children’s perspectives about
threats and positive influences on their wellbeing. It draws on research carried out by the author on the subjective experiences
of poor children in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia in terms of their understandings of wellbeing, threats to their wellbeing,
coping strategies, and positive or resilient outcomes. After a brief introduction reviewing previous approaches to child poverty
in general and research on Ethiopian children in particular, the second section describes the research setting and the ethical
approach to the study, which influenced how consent was obtained and the data analysed. The paper then describes the use of
qualitative methods such as semi-structured interviews, draw-and-tell, and diaries, the kinds of data they produced and the
methodological and ethical dilemmas and tensions encountered in using them. It concludes that despite the challenges qualitative
methods are invaluable in order to understand what poor children see as threats and positive influences on their wellbeing.
相似文献
Tekola BethlehemEmail: |
3.
Monica Guillen-Royo 《Social indicators research》2008,89(3):535-555
Within material poverty contexts, consumption and subjective wellbeing are positively and strongly related. This is usually
explained in terms of the increased possibilities to satisfy basic needs that additional spending provides. Other important
aspects of consumption, such as its relative, symbolic and hedonic dimensions are not generally considered. The current study
explores these aspects in seven poor Peruvian communities through expenditure and motives using regression analysis. Motives
for consumption are included in the model drawing on psychologists’ research into the importance of accounting for motives
when assessing the impact of material goals on subjective wellbeing. Results reveal that in the Peruvian corridor, consumption
has a meaning beyond mere basic needs satisfaction. Status concerns, the reference group, the pleasure of consuming, providing
for the household basics and the expectation of escaping social marginalisation are aspects of consumption significantly predicting
people’s happiness.
相似文献
Monica Guillen-RoyoEmail: |
4.
Taciano L. Milfont Simon Denny Shanthi Ameratunga Elizabeth Robinson Sally Merry 《Social indicators research》2008,89(1):169-177
The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) is a public domain questionnaire measuring the degree of physical and psychological
fatigue experienced in three sub-dimensions of burnout: personal, work-related, and client-related burnout. This study first
examines the reliability and validity of the CBI in measuring burnout in New Zealand secondary school teachers, and then the
relationship between burnout and wellbeing among this population. The CBI had acceptable reliability (internal consistency
and homogeneity) as well as factorial and criterion-related validity. As expected, burnout was negatively related to wellbeing
measures (wellbeing index, school connection, and perceived general health). The findings indicate that this burnout questionnaire
is a valid instrument to use with New Zealand secondary teachers, and also highlight the potential impact of burnout on the
health and wellbeing of teachers.
相似文献
Taciano L. MilfontEmail: |
5.
Dropping out of post-compulsory education in the UK: an analysis of determinants and outcomes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We analyse the decision to drop out of post-compulsory education over the period 1985–1994 using data from the Youth Cohort
Surveys. We show that the dropout rate declined between 1985 and 1994, in spite of the rising participation rate in education,
but is still substantial. Dropping out is more or less constant over the period of study, though the risk of dropout does
vary with young people’s prior attainment, ethnicity, family background and the state of the labour market. The course of
study has a substantial effect on the risk of dropout.
相似文献
Pam LentonEmail: |
6.
Meera Tiwari 《Social indicators research》2009,90(1):127-140
This paper discusses the grassroots level understanding of poverty and wellbeing. There is rich debate and ever expanding
literature on the meaning of wellbeing and poverty and their relationship in developing countries. In recent times wellbeing
and poverty have been scrutinised within the discourse on multidimensionality of poverty. Most research outputs though are
grounded in quantitative data. Investigations that focus on the perceptions and understandings of poor people about their
situations remain sparse in the literature. The current study is an attempt to address this gap. The paper explores the common
grounds and the points of departure between the researchers’ views of poverty and wellbeing and the perception at the grassroots.
The paper presents findings of primary research conducted by the author in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh and Madhubani district
of Bihar in India. Semi-structured survey instruments were deployed to interview a selection of poor, marginal and non-poor
households. In addition to identifying the commonalities in grassroots and researchers’ understandings of poverty, the paper
draws attention to factors that may be outside the radar of the researchers. It is envisaged that mapping a more holistic
understanding of poverty and wellbeing will have important long-term policy implications for poverty reduction.
相似文献
Meera TiwariEmail: |
7.
Since the mid-1980s, New Zealand has experienced extensive economic, social and political reforms. The economic impact of
these changes has been closely monitored and much commented upon. However, the social impacts of the reforms on different
family types are less well understood. This paper outlines a project designed to monitor how the reforms impacted upon specific
family types via the use of indicators of family wellbeing constructed from census data. These indicators show that for a
range of family types, the reforms of the 1980s and 1990s varied in their impact, with single-parent families faring worst.
相似文献
Gerard CotterellEmail: |
8.
Sharada Weir 《Journal of population economics》2007,20(1):203-222
Evidence on the extent of low enrolment and late entry for a sample of rural households in Ethiopia is provided, and two potential
sources of education externality benefits for school-age children, parental and neighbourhood education, are examined. The
education of parents, most significantly mothers, is found to contribute to children's schooling, as does the education of
neighbourhood women. The mechanisms by which such externalities may operate are considered by examining the effects of cognitive
and non-cognitive outputs of schooling upon current school enrolment of children. Findings illustrate both the importance
of girls' schooling and some challenges for education policy.
相似文献
Sharada WeirEmail: |
9.
There has been a rich debate in development studies on combining research methods in recent years. We explore the particular
challenges and opportunities surrounding mixed methods approaches to childhood well-being. We argue that there are additional
layers of complexity due to the distinctiveness of children’s experiences of deprivation or ill-being. This paper is structured
as follows. Sections 2 and 3 discuss the nature of mixed methods approaches and tensions. Sections 4 and 5 apply these debates
to researching childhood well-being in particular, in both Northern and Southern contexts. Section 6 concludes and discusses
future work.
相似文献
Andy Sumner (Corresponding author)Email: |
10.
Melania Calestani 《Social indicators research》2009,90(1):141-153
This paper addresses my understanding of well-being as harmonious relations in the city of El Alto, Bolivia. My approach shows
the complexity of issues emerging when dealing with social relations. First of all, I analyse a specific case study showing
the moral obligation involved among household members. Then I attempt to provide an insight into other aspects of social life
to realise that the same degree of moral duty can be found when people participate in religious festivities or social protests.
Collaboration, unity and co-operation often coexist with conflicts and moral obligation. The paper argues that this picture
of complex coexistence is rather different from the substantive freedom described by Sen (Development as freedom. Oxford University Press, 1999) in his capability approach. By taking Sen’s theoretical framework as a point of departure
for this investigation, it aims to emphasise the value of ethnography and other qualitative methods to the study of well-being.
In the field of well-being, social interaction may greatly affect people’s capabilities to choose the lives they have reason
to value, obliging them to follow certain models based on shared values and preferences. The paper contributes to debates
on this specific issue, trying to shed light on the picture emerging when engaging with ethnographic research.
相似文献
Melania CalestaniEmail: |
11.
The AsiaBarometer of 1,000 respondents shows that Hong Kong people have a great desire for materialistic attainment, and such
an emphasis on materialism bodes ill for their quality of life. Negative assessments of the public life sphere, which encompasses
the natural environment, the social welfare system, and the democratic system, also detract from the experiences of happiness,
enjoyment, and accomplishment in Hong Kong. Surprisingly, access to digital communication devices helps Hong Kong people to
experience a greater quality of life.
相似文献
Ming SingEmail: |
12.
This study reviewed three philosophical accounts of happiness, and then tested those accounts with the Asiabarometer surveys
conducted in six Confucian societies during the summer of 2006. Statistical analyses of these surveys reveal that East Asians
tend to experience happiness to a greater extent when they experience enjoyment together with achievement and/or satisfaction.
The preponderance of such multi-dimensional conceptions in all those societies poses a direct challenge to a single dimensional
account of happiness in the West. The analyses also reveal that positive assessments of interpersonal relationships matter
more than the amount of knowledge or wealth in living a happy life in Confucian societies.
相似文献
Doh Chull Shin (Corresponding author)Email: |
Takashi InoguchiEmail: |
13.
Francis Green 《Social indicators research》2008,88(1):147-160
Temporary workers in Britain experience lower job quality. However, the proportion of employees on temporary contracts has
fallen since a decade ago to just 5.5% in 2005. There have also been qualitative improvements. Many temporary workers now
fall under the protection of the Fixed Term Employees’ (Prevention of Less Favourable Treatment) Regulations 2002, and the
relative pay of fixed-term contract workers has since improved. In contrast, the subsequent fortunes of seasonal and casual
workers with short contracts have been mixed. Furthermore, the Act excludes agency workers, and the paper calls for additional
legislative action to ensure fair treatment for this group.
相似文献
Francis GreenEmail: |
14.
This paper uses hazard regression models to assess the impact of experienced infant and child mortality on the risk of subsequent
conceptions in Ethiopia. The purpose of this paper is to test for the presence of a fertility response to an infant or child
death, net of the effects of truncated breastfeeding on fecundity. Using retrospective birth history data from a national
survey in Ethiopia, we find a significantly higher risk of a conception in the months following the death of an index child,
even after controlling for postpartum amenorrhoea and breastfeeding status. The fertility response is strongest after the
death of the fourth or fifth child, which is when most women in Ethiopia are at or near their desired family size. However,
we find no evidence of a fertility response to the death of a nonindex child. We attribute the higher risk of a conception
following an index child’s death to the intentional efforts of couples to reduce the waiting time to a next birth and thereby
replace the deceased child. However, absent evidence of replacement fertility in response to the death of older nonindex children,
we interpret the response to the death of an index child as an emotional response to child loss rather than a conscious strategy
to meet a fertility target.
相似文献
Gebre-Egziabher KirosEmail: |
15.
Stephen Machin 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):1-19
In this paper (my keynote talk from the 2006 ESPE conference), I discuss the recent upsurge in research on the economics of
education that has occurred, especially in Europe. I discuss the reasons for the increased interest and present some examples
from my recent research in the area. The paper concludes that the increased research interest seems likely to be sustained
for some time to come.
相似文献
Stephen MachinEmail: |
16.
The changing nature of wage inequality 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Thomas Lemieux 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):21-48
The paper reviews recent developments in the literature on wage inequality with a particular focus on why inequality growth
has been particularly concentrated in the top end of the wage distribution over the last 15 years. Several possible institutional
and demand-side explanations are discussed for the secular growth in wage inequality in the United States and other advanced
industrialized countries.
相似文献
Thomas LemieuxEmail: |
17.
The authors seek to give an overview of ways in which social indicators relevant to research on children affected by armed
conflict can be developed, and how such research can be carried out. Technical and methodological challenges involved in this
pursuit are discussed. It is argued that data production must consider issues of definition and delineation of the phenomenon
of war-affected children more actively than it does currently. An analytical approach is proposed, in which children’s characteristics
in different situations, or in different stages of conflict, may be used as intakes to understanding how the social processes
pertaining to life histories of children in armed conflict are created and reproduced.
相似文献
Tone SommerfeltEmail: |
18.
This paper analyses the relation between public pensions, fertility and child care in a closed-economy overlapping generations
model with endogenous fertility. It is shown that raising a child involves two social externalities and that it is optimal
to introduce child allowances if the government redistributes income from the young to the old. The optimal child allowance
rises when longevity increases. If the costs of raising children depend positively on the wage, a third externality arises
and the returns to savings should be taxed.
相似文献
Lex MeijdamEmail: |
19.
Empirical studies in the migration literature have shown that enclaves (networks) negatively affect the language proficiency
of migrants. Most of these studies do not address the choice of location as a function of language skills. Using data on Mexican
migration to the US, we show that migrants choose smaller networks as their English language proficiency improves.
相似文献
Ira N. Gang (Corresponding author)Email: |
20.
Alfonso Miranda 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):67-81
This paper examines how education and family background affect the fertility plans of young individuals in Mexico. Quantile
regression for count data is used for the analysis. Results indicate that education and family structure affect planned fertility
only at the tails of the conditional distribution. Education reduces planned fertility only among women with relatively strong
preferences towards children. An absent father reduces planned fertility mostly at the bottom of the conditional distribution.
相似文献
Alfonso MirandaEmail: |