BOOK REVIEWS

Young Workers from School to Work by D. N. Ashton and David Field. Discovering Suicide: Studies in the Social Organisation of Sudden Death by J. Maxwell Atkinson. Conflicts in the National Health Service by Keith Barnard and Kenneth Lee (eds.) Shop Stewards in Action: The Organization of Workplace Conflict and Accommodation by E. Batstone, I. Boraston and S. Frenkel Trade Unions and the Media by Peter Beharrell and Greg Philo (eds) Trade unionism in television by Peter Seglow The Worlds of Patrick Geddes: Biologist, Town Planner, Re-educator, Peace-warrior by Philip Boardman The Economic Identification of Social Classes by Guglielmo Carchedi Women Take Issue: Aspects Women's Subordination by Women's Studies Group, Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies The Images of Occupational Prestige by A. P. M. Coxon and C. L. Jones Churches and Churchgoers: Patterns of Church Growth in the British Isles Since 1700 by Robert Currie, Alan Gilbert and Lee Horsley The Nineteenth-Century Woman: Her Cultural and Physical World by Sara Delamont and Lorna Duffin (eds.) Economic Studies: Contributions to the Critique of Economic Theory by David P. Levine Family Formation in an Age of Nascent Capitalism by David Levine An Introduction to the Sociology of Rural Development by Norman Long Modern Greece: Facets of Underdevelopment by Nicos P. Mouzelis Putting ‘Reality’ Together: BBC News by Philip Schlesinger The Social and Political Thought of Herbert Spencer by David Wiltshire     

Rethinking industrial citizenship: the role and meaning of work in an age of austerity

T. H. Marshall in his famous tract Citizenship and Social Class wrote briefly about what he called ‘industrial citizenship’, a type of belonging rooted in the workplace. Here Marshall's ideas are developed alongside a consideration of Durkheim's Professional Ethics and Civic Morals together with research material from the Guinness Company. It shows the way the Company actively sought to create ‘Guinness citizenship’ within its London brewery. The article draws out the ways in which the significance and potential of work based citizenship for ameliorating the ills of industrial society are clearly articulated in mid‐twentieth century Britain and echo earlier neglected Durkheimian sociological ideas on work. These ideas have real potential to inform contemporary academic and policy debates about the nature of capitalism and the form and content of work now and in the future.     

New Books

Psychology in Action, by Margaret O. Hyde and Edward S. Marks. Theories of Career Development, by Samuel H. Osipow. Guide to Success in College, by Bernice W. Einstein. A Popular Guide to Government Publications, (3rd edition), by W. Philip Leidy. Wall Street Careers, by Paul Sarnoff. Guide to Careers Through Vocational Training, by Edwin A. Whitfield and Richard Hoover. San Diego: Robert R. Knapp The Negro and the American Labor Movement, edited by Julius Jacobson. Opportunities in an Accounting Career, by Raymond G. Ankers; Opportunities in a Forestry Career, by E. L. Demnon; Opportunities in an Optometry Career, by Frank M. Kitchell; Opportunities in a Chiropractic Career, produced with the cooperation of the ACA and ICA. The Counseling of College Students, edited by Max Siegel.     

New Books

Careers in Public Planning and Administration, by Angelo Cohn. Adjustment to Blindness—Reviewed, by Mary K. Bauman and Norman M. Yoder. Learning by Discovery: A Critical Appraisal, by Lee S. Shalman and Evan R. Keislar, Editors. Dollars and Sense, by Joseph Bensman. Career Information in Counseling and Teaching, by Lee E. Comparative Theories of Social Change, by Hallis W. Peter, Editor. Opportunities in an Architecture Career by Robert J. Piper; Opportunities in a Dancing Career, by Paul Denis; Opportunities in Market Research, by John H. Platten, Jr.; Opportunities in the Textile Industry, by Robert A. Barnhardt. Your Career in Advertising, by George Johnson. The MacMillan Job Guide to American Corporations, by Ernest A. McKay, Editor. Planning Human Resource Development, by Russell C. Davis. Employment for the Handicapped, by Julietta K. Arthur.     

KI: The ‘Fervor of Vitality’ and the Subjective Self

Curiously, in the word ki, we find that the Japanese have internalized physical energy into a felt-feeling (e.g., a sense of vital potency and aliveness), thereby significantly expanding the substance of the T phase of the self. Of conceptual interest here is that in the word ki—used as a root word to indicate and connect elementary feelings and thought processes—the Japanese have reified ‘energy’ into a subjective entity that moves the individual to become both activator and respondent of interactional processes. The general awareness of ki by the people themselves is evidenced in various facets of their personal consensual life—from socialization practices to formal presentation. In closing, the author attempts to link ki to Mead's ‘impulse’ concludes that (a) ki is more substantive and active than ‘impulse’ in the movement of the social act; and (b) in contrast to that of Mead, the Japanese model provides an explicit conceptual demonstration of the substantive role of the ‘I’ as well as affective elements in social interaction.     

Change Management Study of Horticulture 2015 — Conditions and Success Factors

The increasing organizational size, as a result of the industry's structural change, is leading to crises in German horticultural companies. Therefore, the present study examines the causes of fundamental change processes in horticultural companies, indicates the overriding trends and identifies the success factors of change initiatives. For this purpose, over 150 decision-makers with over 10 years’ experience in their respective organization were surveyed from May to December 2014. The megatrends are environmental issues, changed consumer behavior, resource shortages and the labor market. Currently, the reasons for change lie in a changing market strategy/sales approach, business succession and submission and external changes in the legal conditions. Among the most difficult problems occurring in the implementation of change processes are low willingness to take responsibility, interest and goal conflicts of the involved organization's members and a sacrifice of long-term actions for short-term profit improvements. The most important success factors of change processes include realistic, clear visions/goals and their communication, team spirit and motivation and a coordinated chronological procedure. Six factors of the psychological level of the change success are presented. The results of the study can help to recommend a design for change processes in companies within horticultural manufacturing.     

A study exploring factors of decision to text while walking among college students based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study attempted to identify critical predictors of intention to both send and read texts while walking based on Theory of Planned Behavior in order to provide resources for practitioners and campaign designers to inform college students of the perils of texting while walking and dissuade them from such a risky behavior. Participants: Three hundred twenty-nine college students were recruited from a large public university in the Southwest in September 2014. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey design. Results: Subjective norm (sending: B = .17, p = .02; reading: B = .17, p = .04), personal norms (sending: B = ?.32, p = .001, reading: B = ?.35, p = .001), and self-efficacy (sending: B = ?.27, p = .001; reading: B = ?.24, p = .001) were significant predictors of intention to both send and read text messages while walking. Conclusions: For students who have greater intention of texting while walking, persuasive communication should utilize normative influence and self-efficacy to discourage texting while walking.     

Comparisons of flux-based stemflow enrichment ratios for two Quercus spp. within the megalopolis of the eastern USA

Throughfall and stemflow serve as two important transport mechanisms for water and solutes in urban forests, though these fluxes are seldom quantified within cities. This study is the first to utilize two flux-based enrichment ratios for stemflow to characterize spatial patterns in water and solute distribution in urban forest fragments. Using event-based, in situ sampling, this study quantified stemflow enrichment for Quercus rubra (northern red oak) and Quercus alba (white oak) trees relative to open precipitation (E_P,B) and throughfall (E_T,B) per unit trunk basal area for dissolved Ca, K, Mg, Mn, NO₃-N, and S. The study investigated variability in nutrient enrichment at the fragment, municipal, and regional scales. Among all solutes, observations for E_P,B and E_T,B for Q. rubra and Q. alba were generally lowest for Mg and highest for Mn and K. Significant intra-urban variability in stemflow enrichment was limited to E_P,B of K and E_T,B of Ca (p?<?0.05), while trans-regional variability in stemflow enrichment consistently indicated higher E_P,B and E_T,B in more highly developed portions of the study region. At the fragment scale, E_P,B and E_T,B for Q. rubra was consistently higher than for Q. alba, with variability in these observations significant for all solutes. For example, interspecific variability in E_P,B was greatest for K, where median values ranged from 2.8?±?29.7 in Q. alba to 87.1?±?97.1 in Q. rubra. While observations for E_T,B were generally lower than those for E_P,B, observations for Q. rubra also consistently exceeded those for Q. alba, with median values for K ranging from 1.5?±?0.5 to 21.9?±?3.1 for Q. alba and Q. rubra, respectively. Findings were likely driven by variability in biophysical characteristics between the two species (e.g., bark morphology). Further, findings indicate that species heterogeneity within the urban forest contributes to significant variability in nutrient (and possibly pollutant) transport and fate via throughfall and stemflow below the canopy, with subsequent impacts on urban forest biogeochemistry.

     

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) increases insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in sedentary aging men but not masters’ athletes: an observational study

Introduction: The aim of this investigation was to examine the impact high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in active compared with sedentary aging men.

Methods: 22 lifetime sedentary (SED; 62?±?2 years) and 17 masters’ athletes (LEX; 60?±?5 years) were recruited to the study. As HIIT requires preconditioning exercise in sedentary cohorts, the study required three assessment phases; enrollment (phase A), following preconditioning exercise (phase B), and post-HIIT (phase C). Serum IGF-I was determined by electrochemiluminescent immunoassay.

Results: IGF-I was higher in LEX compared to SED at baseline (p?=?0.007, Cohen’s d?=?0.91), and phase B (p?=?0.083, Cohen’s d?=?0.59), with only a small difference at C (p?=?0.291, Cohen’s d?=?0.35). SED experienced a small increase in IGF-I following preconditioning from 13.1?±?4.7 to 14.2?±?6.0?μg·dl^?1 (p?=?0.376, Cohen’s d?=?0.22), followed by a larger increase post-HIIT (16.9?±?4.4?μg·dl^?1), which was significantly elevated compared with baseline (p?=?0.002, Cohen’s d?=?0.85), and post-preconditioning (p?=?0.005, Cohen’s d?=?0.51). LEX experienced a trivial changes in IGF-I from A to B (18.2?±?6.4 to 17.2?±?3.7?μg·dl^?1 [p?=?0.538, Cohen’s d?=?0.19]), and a small change post-HIIT (18.4?±?4.1?μg·dl^?1 [p?=?0.283, Cohen’s d?=?0.31]). Small increases were observed in fat-free mass in both groups following HIIT (p?d?=?0.32–0.45).

Conclusions: In conclusion, HIIT with preconditioning exercise abrogates the age associated difference in IGF-I between SED and LEX, and induces small improvements in fat-free mass in both SED and LEX.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics. Edited by John Eatwell, Murray Milgate and Peter Newman Making Sense of Development: An Introduction to Classical and Contemporary Theories of Development and Their Application to Southeast Asia. By P.W. Preston OPEC and the Challenge of Development. Edited by Abdelkader Benamara and Sam Ifeagwu Unequal Exchange and the Evolution of the World System. By Kunibert Raffer The Less Developed Countries and the World Trading System. By Diana Tussie Europe and the International Division of Labour: EEC and the Third World. A Survey 6. Edited by Christopher Stevens and Joan Verloren van Themaat Developing with Foreign Investment. Edited by Vincent Cable and Bishnodat Promotion of Direct Investment in Developing Countries. Edited by Heinz Hauser Soviet Economic Assistance to the Less Developed Countries: A Statistical Analysis. By Quintin V.S. Bach Agrarian Struggles in India after Independence. Edited by A.R. Desai The Failure of the International Debt Strategy. By Knud Erik Svendsen Life After Debt: Australia and the Global Debt Crisis. By the Australian Council for Overseas Aid Options and Investment Priorities in Irrigation Development. By Jose Olivares Involuntary Resettlement in Development Projects. By M. Cernea     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this articles: The Readable Maths and Statistics Book, by Barry Edwards. An Introduction too Data Analysis, by Bruce D. Bowen & Herbert F. Weisberg The Sociology of Youth Culture and Youth Subcultures by Mike Brake. Law and Society: Readings in the Sociology of Law by Colin Campbell and Paul Wiles (eds.). The State, the Family and Education by Miriam E. David. The Sociology of Women: an introduction by Sara Delamont. Attitudes to Class in the English Novel, from Walter Scott to David Storey by Mary Eagleton and David Pierce. Classifications in Their Social Context by Roy F. Ellen and David Reason (eds.). Symbolic Classification by Rodney Needham. Sociology: Its Nature, Scope and Elements by Ronald Fletcher Sociology: The Study of Social Systems by Ronald Fletcher. The Making of Post-Christian Britain: A history of the secularization of modern society by Alan D. Gilbert. The Literacy Myth. Literacy and Social Structure in the Nineteenth-Century City by Harvey J. Graff. Gender and Class Consciousness by Pauline Hunt. Historical Research on Social Mobility: Western Europe and the USA in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, by Hartmut Kaelble. The Village and the State: Administration, Ethnicity and Politics in an Israeli Co-operative Village by Leonard Mars. The Breaking of the Image by David Martin A Christian Social Perspective by Alan Storkey Theories of Trade Unionism. A sociology of industrial relations by Michael Poole. The Ceremonial Order of the Clinic. Parents, Doctors and Medical Bureaucracies by P. M. Strong. The Social Production of Art by Janet Wolff. Culture by Raymond Williams.     

Book reviews

Homo Academicus Pierre Bourdieu (translated by Peter Collier) Feminism as Critique Seyla Benhabib and Drucilla Cornell (eds). Erving Goffman: Exploring the Interaction Order Paul Drew and Anthony Wootton, (eds). On Durkheim’s Rules of Sociological Method Mike Gane The Shaking of the Foundations Ronald Fletcher Rethinking the Life Cycle Alan Bryman, Bill Bytheway, Patricia Allatt and Teresa Keil The World We Created at Hamilton High Gerald Grant From School to Unemployment: The Labour Market for Young People P. N. Junankar (ed.) Political Parties: Organization and Power Angelo Panebianco Intercorporate Relations: The Structural Analysis of Business Mark S. Mizruchi and Michael Schwartz (eds) A Divided Working Class: Ethnic Segmentation and Industrial Conflict in Australia Constance Lever-Tracy and Michael Ouinlan John Bull’s Island: Immigration and British Society, 1871-1971 Colin Holmes The Burden of Representation: Essays on Photographies and Histories John Tagg Black Culture, White Youth: the Reggae tradition from JA to UK Simon Jones Constructive Drinking: Perspectives on Drink from Anthropology M. Douglas (ed.) Quantity and Quality in Social Research Alan Bryman, Unwin Hyman Exploring Data: An Introduction to Data Analysis for Social Scientists Catherine Marsh     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed: Richard Jolly, Louis Emmerij, Dharam Ghai and Frederic Lapeyre UN Contributions to Development Thinking and Practice John Toye and Richard Toye The UN and Global Political Economy: Trade, Finance, and Development Edited by Tony Addison, Henrik Hansen and Finn Tarp Debt Relief for Poor Countries Madhur Gautam Debt Relief for the Poorest: An OED Review of the HIPC Initiative The International Organisation for Migration Return Migration: Policies and Practices in Europe Adela Pellegrino Migration from Latin America to Europe: Trends and Policy Challenges Sebastian Lazaroiu and Monica Alexandru Who is the Next Victim? Vulnerability of Young Romanian Women to Trafficking in Human Beings Samuel Munzele Maimbo The Money Exchange Dealers of Kabul: A Study of the Hawala System in Afghanistan D. Kingsbury, J. Remenyi, J. McKay and J. Hunt Key Issues in Development Edited by Ernest Aryeetey, Julius Court, Machiko Nissanke and Beatrice Weder Asia and Africa in the Global Economy Edited by Pamela C. M. Mar and Frank‐Jürgen Richter China: Enabling a New Era of Changes Mokbul Morshed Ahmad NGO Field Workers in Bangladesh Edited by Raghbendra Jha Indian Economic Reforms Edited by Gunther Baechler, Kurt R. Spillmann and Mohamed Suliman Transformation of Resource Conflicts: Approaches and Instruments KIT (Royal Tropical Institute) Gender, Citizenship and Governance: A Global Sourcebook Barbara Bruns, Alain Mingat, and Ramahatra Rakotomalala Achieving Universal Primary Education by 2015: A Chance for Every Child     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Suicides by Jean Baechler. Philosophical Disputes in the Social Sciences, by S. C. Brown (ed.) Social Research and Royal Commissions by M. Bulmer (ed.) Official Discourse by Frank Burton and Pat Carlen The View from Goffman by Jason Ditton (ed.) Greek Homosexuality by K. J. Dover The Sociology of Rock by Simon Frith Marx and Mead: Contributions to a Sociology of knowledge by T. W. Goff Crime and Conflict in English Communities, 1300–1348 by Barbara A. Hanawalt Demystifying Social Statistics, by John Irvine et al. (eds.) For Science in the Social Sciences, by David Papineau Marxism and Class Theory, by Frank Parkin The Material Word: Some Theories of Language and its Limits by David Silverman and Brian Torode Ethics and Society in England: The Revolution in the Social Sciences, 1870–1914 by Reba N. Softer Street Ethnography by Robert S. Weppner (ed.) On Clichés by Anton C. Zijderveld     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Introduction to the Sociology of Developing Societies Hamza Alavi and Teodor Shanin (eds) Sub-Saharan Africa Chris Allen and Gavin Williams (eds) T.S. Kuhn and Social Science, Barry Barnes. Art Worlds Howard S. Becker Black Youth in Crisis Ernest Cashmore and Barry Troyna (eds) English Country Houses and Landed Estates Heather A. Clemenson In the Active Voice Mary Douglas The Civilized Body P. E. S. Freund Classes, Power and Conflict: Classical and Contemporary Debates Anthony Giddens and David Held (eds) Sport, Culture and Ideology J. Hargreaves (ed.) Social Mobility Anthony Heath Social Mobility: a Study of Social Control and Insatiability Earl Hopper Social Relations and Human Attributes P. Hirst and P. Woolley The Development of Underdevelopment in China: A Symposium Philip C. C. Huang (ed.) A Third World Proletariat? Peter Lloyd The Politics of the Second Electorate: Women and Public Participation J. Lovenduski and J. Hills (eds) Max Weber and Karl Marx Karl Löwith Old Mistresses: Women, Art and Ideology, Rozsika Parker and Griselda Pollock Work and Retirement Stanley Parker The Transition from School to Work Michael West and Peggy Newton (eds)     

Book reviews

Man, His Nature and Place in the World Arnold Gehlen Durkheimian Sociology: Cultural Studies Jeffrey C. Alexander (ed.) Max Weber: An Introduction to His Life and Work Dirk Kasler Max Weber's ‘Science as a Vocation’ Peter Lassman and Irving Velody with Herminio Martins (eds) Legislators and Interpreters: On Modernity, Post-modernity and Intellectuals Zygmunt Bauman The Nature of Power Barry Barnes Bureaucracy and Political Power B. C. Smith Bureaucracy David Beetham Power and Prestige in the British Army R. G. L. von Zugbach Landlords and Capitalists: the Dominant Class of Chile Maurice Zeitlin and Richard Earl Ratcliff Women's Attitudes Towards Work Shirley Dex GJender Segregation at Work S. Walby (ed.). Falling from Grace: The Experience of Downward Mobility in the American Middle Class Katherine S. Newman After Redundancy John Westergaard, Iain Noble and Alan Walker In Search of Stability: Explorations in Historical Political Economy Charles S. Maier The Hard Road to Renewal: Thatcherism and the Crisis of the Left Stuart Hall Material Culture and Mass Consumption Daniel Miller Sport, Politics and the Working Class: Organized Labour and Sport in Inter-War Britain Stephen G. Jones English Football and Society, 1919–1950 Nicholas Fishwick The Restructuring of American Religion: Society and Faith since World War II Robert Wuthnow Homoeopathy and the Medical Profession Phillip A. Nicholls Social Work and Received Ideas C. Rojek, G. Peacock and S. Collins The Logic of Social Welfare: Conjectures and Formulations Brij Mohan     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Images of Aging: Cultural Representations of Later Life M. Featherstone and A. Wernick (eds), Inequality and Old Age John A. Vincent, Disciplining Old Age: The Formation of Gerontological Knowledge Stephen Katz, Children, Health and the Social Order Berry Mayall, Family Connections: An Introduction to Family Studies David H.J. Morgan, Technologies of the Gendered Body: Reading Cyborg Women Anne Balsamo, Marx, Durkheim, Weber: Formations of Modern Social Thought K. Morrison Sage, Sociological Theory. What went Wrong? Diagnosis and Remedies Nicos Mouzelis, Culture, Modernity and Revolution. Essays in Honour of Zygmunt Bauman Richard Kilminster and Ian Varcoe (eds), Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy J. Habermas, Culture and the Public Sphere Jim McGuigan, Challenging Codes: Collective Action in the Information Age Alberto Melucci, Sociology, Environmentalism, Globalization: Reinventing the Globe Steven Yearley, The New Age Movement Paul Heelas, The Problem of Nature: Environment, Culture and European Expansion David Arnold, The Meaning of Race, Race, History and Culture in Western Society Kenan Malik,     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article: Faces of Feminism: A Study of Feminism as a Social Movement, Olive Banks Small Entrepreneurs in Changing Europe: Towards a Research Agenda, Jeremy Boissevan The Entrepreneurial Middle Class, Richard Scase and Robert Goffee The Logic of Social Action. An Introduction to Sociological Analysis, Raymond Boudon The Unintended Consequences of Social Action, Raymond Boudon Thinking Photography, Victor Burgin (ed.) The Politics of Pop Festivals, Michael Clarke One For the Money: Politics and Popular Song, Dave Harker Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence, G. A. Cohen Cooking, Cuisine and Class, Jack Goody The German Social Democratic Party, W. L. Guttsman The Creation of World Poverty, An Alternative View to the Brandt Report, Teresa Hayter The Bureaucratic Leviathan–A Study in the Sociology of Communism, Maria Hirszowicz Culture and Society in Contemporary Europe: A Casebook, S. Hoffman and P. Kitromiledes (eds) Advances in Social Theory and Methodology: Towards an Integration of Micro- and Macro-Sociologies, Karin Knorr-Cetina and Aaron Cicourel, (eds) Johnsonville: Continuity and Change in a New Zealand Township, David Pearson An Island Polity: the archaeology of exploitation in Melos, Colin Renfrew and Malcolm Wagstaff (eds) On Becoming a Rock Musician, H. Stith Bennet The Population History of England 1541–1871: A Reconstruction E. A. Wrigley and R. S. Schofield Policing the City, Rob Mawby Frames of Meaning: The Social Construction of Extraordinary Science, H.M. Collins and T.J. Pinch Field Research: A Sourcebook and Field Manual, Ed. Robert G. Burgess The History of Marxism: vol I, Marxism in Marx's Day, Ed. E. J. Hobsbawm Modern Interpretations of Marx, Tom Bottomore Ed. Hooligans or Rebels? An Oral History of Working-Class Childhood and Youth 1889–1939, Stephen Humphries Housing and Identity – cross-cultural Perspectives Ed. James S. Duncan.