变革型领导对员工创造力的作用机理研究

以内在动机理论为基础,探讨变革型领导行为对下属创造力产生影响的作用机理,即变革型领导通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持作用于员工创造力,采用结构方程模型分析变革型领导、心理授权、组织对创造力的支持与员工创造力之间的关系,采用问卷调查方法进行研究.结果发现,心理授权对变革型领导和组织对创造力的支持产生中介作用,但对员工的创造力并无显著影响,说明在中国情境下,授权并不能使员工积极放心地从事创造性工作,因此在实践中领导对员工授权需谨慎;变革型领导通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持对员工的创造力产生正向作用,验证了提出的假设,使变革型领导影响员工创造力的过程具体化和清晰化,对实践具有较强的指导意义. 通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持作用于员工创造力,采用结构方程模型分析变革型领导、心理授权、组织对创造力的支持与员工创造力之间的关系,采用问卷调查方法进行研究.结果发现,心理授权对变革型领导和组织对创造力的支持产生中介作用,但对员工的创造力并无显著影响,说明在中国情境下,授权并不能使员工积极放心地从事创造性工作,因此在实践中领导对员工授权需谨慎;变革型领导通过心理授权和组织对创造力的支持对员工的创造力产生正向作用,验证了提出 假设,使变革型领导影响员工创造力的过程具体化和清晰化,对实践具有较强的指导意义.     

Effects of Leadership Style,Creativity Technique and Personal Initiative on Employee Creativity

Transformational leadership is assumed to enhance employees' creativity. However, results of meta‐analytic research on the relations between transformational leadership and creativity have fallen short of expectations. The authors argue that, besides leadership style, the creativity technique that a leader employs is an important means of stimulating employees' creativity. In addition, it is assumed that leadership styles and creativity techniques may have different effects, depending on the measure of creativity output (quantitative vs qualitative). Therefore, in an experimental setting, the effects of different creativity techniques (provocation technique vs brainwriting) and leadership styles (transformational vs transactional) on both quantitative and qualitative creativity were examined. Results showed that transformational leadership and provocation technique led to higher levels of qualitative creativity than transactional leadership and brainwriting, respectively. Conversely, transactional leadership and brainwriting were more effective for quantitative creativity. The additional benefit of the provocation technique in qualitative creativity was found to be higher in the transactional leadership condition than in the transformational leadership condition. Moreover, personal initiative made a significant and independent contribution to both qualitative and quantitative creativity. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.     

谦卑型领导行为对员工创造力的影响研究

谦卑型领导是领导风格领域最近兴起的研究热点,其相关研究正处于起步阶段。基于领导理论和创造力理论,尝试发现谦卑型领导行为与员工创造力之间的关系,并从心理认知和人格特质视角出发,探讨心理安全和自我效能的中介效应以及调节焦点所起到的调节作用。采用问卷法配对调查326对直接领导及其对应员工,运用结构方程模型和层次回归方法对样本数据进行统计分析。研究结果表明,谦卑型领导行为对员工的创造力有显著的正向影响,心理安全和自我效能在两者间起完全中介作用;员工的防御型调节倾向越突出,谦卑型领导行为对员工心理安全的影响越强;员工的促进型调节倾向越突出,谦卑型领导行为对员工自我效能的影响越强。研究结论为领导者打破传统的自上而下的领导方式、转而应用谦卑型领导行为提升员工创造力提供了新的思路。     

悖论式领导行为对员工创造力的影响研究北大核心CSSCI

基于社会认知理论和创造力双路径模型,以武汉、广州、苏州等调查区域的67个团队中的256对匹配领导-下属为样本,探讨悖论式领导行为对员工创造力的影响。从下属的行为反应视角出发,检验员工的努力工作和聪明工作的中介作用以及员工特质调节焦点的调节作用。研究结果表明,悖论式领导行为对员工创造力具有显著的正向影响。员工的努力工作和聪明工作在悖论式领导行为和员工创造力之间起部分中介作用。员工单一调节焦点特征负向调节了悖论式领导行为与员工努力工作、聪明工作的关系,而且还负向调节了员工努力工作、聪明工作的中介作用。当员工同时拥有高促进型调节焦点和高防御型调节焦点时,悖论式领导行为对员工的努力工作的积极影响更强。本文拓展了悖论式领导行为对员工创造力影响机制的研究思路,并探索了悖论式领导有效性的边界条件。     

Tough Love and Creativity: How Authoritarian Leadership Tempered by Benevolence or Morality Influences Employee Creativity

Influenced by Amabile's views on the intrinsic nature of creative motivation (T. M. Amabile (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organizations’. In B. M. Staw and L. L. Cummings (eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 10, pp. 123–167. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press), researchers have focused primarily on supportive leadership, with authoritarian leadership known to negatively influence employee creativity. Arguing from social information processing theory, the authors show that low levels of authoritarian leadership act as a stressor encouraging creativity, while high levels discourage creativity. Authoritarian leadership is one component of a larger constellation of leader behaviours known as paternalistic leadership. Under paternalistic leadership, authoritarian leadership is combined with benevolence and morality and these interact with authoritarianism. The authors argue that the presence of benevolence and moral leadership causes subordinates to view the leader's authoritarian actions as serving a positive purpose, and show that both benevolence and moral leadership act to offset the negative effects of authoritarian leadership on creativity.     

组织公正视角下的员工创造力形成机制及心理授权的中介作用

通过问卷调查以及分析234名员工及其直接领导的配对样本,从组织公正视角探讨了员工创造力的形成机制,研究了程序公正和人际公正对员工创造力的影响以及心理授权在其中的中介作用。研究结果表明,程序公正及人际公正对员工创造力有显著正向影响;心理授权在程序公正与员工创造力的关系中起部分中介作用,在人际公正与员工创造力关系中起完全中介作用。     

不同领导行为对员工创造性差异化影响的实证研究

领导行为是影响员工创造性重要的组织因素之一.依据自我决定理论和创造性成分模型,对比分析和论证变革型领导行为和交易型领导行为对员工创造性的差异化影响,以来自10家中国企业的534名员工为样本,运用层次回归分析方法进行研究.验证结果表明,变革型领导行为与员工创造性正相关,应变性奖励行为与员工创造性正相关;在中国当前环境下,非应变性惩罚行为与员工的创造性正相关,变革型领导行为对员工创造性的正向促进作用高于交易型领导行为.最后讨论研究的理论意义和实践意义,并指出研究的局限性.     

知识分享中介作用下的经验开放性与团队内聚力对员工创造力的影响

从信息处理视角,运用多层线性模型开展有关研究.研究发现,个体经验开放性和团队内聚力对于研发团队成员创造力均具有正面作用,而个体知识分享在其中起到部分中介作用.研究结果表明,相对于高内聚力团队,在低内聚力团队中,经验开放性通过个体知识分享对员工创造力的间接作用有着更强的正面导向.研究结论有助于深入理解个性特质与团队层次因素对员工创造力的作用机制,为管理者采取适当的团队管理方式、提升员工创造力提供了相关建议.     

忠诚雇员的经济意义和培养雇员忠诚的对策

本文通过分析忠诚雇员对于培养顾客忠诚和企业获利的影响,说明忠诚雇员对于企业的重要意义,并在分析引用影响雇员忠诚度因素的基础上,提出了培养雇员忠诚的建议.     

“七步走”提高企业创新能力

第一步，对于问题的性质与答案空间幅度进行明确界定；第二步，找出问题；第三步，针对问题的不同性质进行个陆化处理；第四步，召集各方面的专家全方位、多角度地思考与分析问题；第五步，先提创意，后讨论；第六步，为每个完整的答案写—个“创意简历”；第七步，把创意转变为现实。     

创意体验概念辨析及概念识别

体验是继产品和服务之后新出现的一种具有高附加值的价值载体,越来越受到各界关注,而以原创性和新颖性为基本特征的创意是形成体验的重要来源之一.通过从消费体验的角度切入,回顾总结西方学者对创意和体验理论的研究成果,在文献梳理和评述的基础上界定创意体验的概念;并通过内容分析法进一步证实:创意体验在消费者头脑中具有良好的建构,在中国市场属于可识别性需求.随后,依据前面2个阶段研究结果,创意体验被划分为3个维度,即外显特征感知维度、过程互动维度和内隐象征意识维度.最后,对每个维度加以解析,得到一个较为清晰的对创意体验的认知.这将为更多颇具价值的后续研究奠定一定的基础.     

Forming Effective Employee Information and Consultation: A Five‐Stage Trust and Justice Process

In this paper we show how trust and justice influence the efficacy of employee information and consultation (I&C) bodies. Evidence is drawn from a 2‐year qualitative study of I&C participants in two organizations in the UK. The research builds on Dietz and Fortin's conceptual five‐stage model of the I&C process to provide a more nuanced understanding of I&C trust and justice outcomes. In particular, we point to crucial stages in the process, and how these influence the effectiveness of I&C mechanisms. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.     

Leadership and expectations: Pygmalion effects and other self-fulfilling prophecies in organizations

The Pygmalion effect is a type of self-fulfilling prophecy (SFP) in which raising manager expectations regarding subordinate performance boosts subordinate performance. Managers who are led to expect more of their subordinates lead them to greater achievement. Programmatic research findings from field experiments are reviewed, and our present knowledge about the Pygmalion effect in the management of industrial, sales, and military organizations is summarized. A model is presented in which leadership is hypothesized to be the key mediator through which manager expectations influence subordinate self-efficacy, performance expectations, motivation, effort, and performance. The behaviors that comprise the Pygmalion Leadership Style are described. Besides creating the one-on-one Pygmalion effect, additional ways for managers to assert their leadership by creating productive organizationwide SFP are suggested. An agenda for research on SFP applications is proposed.     

Employee stress litigation: The UK experience

This paper considers the extent to which stress-induced illness can be regarded as a personal injury that could give rise to civil action for damages against employers in the UK. It outlines the results of a brief survey of personal injury solicitors, which indicates that claims are already being initiated by employees who allege they have suffered a stress-induced illness. The potential for claims within industrial tribunal cases that have already been decided is also examined. Consideration is given to the hurdles that litigants will have to surmount, such as proving that their condition was in fact caused by some feature of their working conditions, showing that it was foreseeable that they would suffer a stress-based injury, and demonstrating that their employer was in some way at fault. This leads to a questioning of what employers can do to protect themselves from such claims, or at least defend them successfully. The paper points out that success is likely to depend heavily upon the quality of expert medical opinion, and also upon policy conditions that may influence those adjudicating on such cases. It is concluded that the cost of losing claims may be significant, and that employees who ignore the warning signs do so at their peril.     

Employee Absenteeism

No abstract available for this article.     

员工活力进行时

一个对生活满怀期待、对工作充满热情、自信又活力四射的领导,才能打造出一支充满激情与活力的团队。     

The Dynamics of Employee Dissent: Whistleblowers and Organizational Jiu-Jitsu

Whistleblowing is a form of organizational dissent that is rarely successful, instead usually leading to disaster for the whistleblower. Organizational theorists seldom have addressed the question of how to improve whistleblowers strategies. A useful general perspective for doing this is to conceive of bureaucracies as authoritarian political systems. The concept of political jiu-jitsu, from the theory of nonviolent action, is adapted to organizational contexts and used to assess a range of tactics used by organizational elites against dissidents. The resulting implications for whistleblower strategies are assessed by comparison with standard recommendations offered by experienced whistleblower advisers.