The Major Deviations of Urbanization in China

Urbanization is a major strategic issue in China’s economic transformation. This paper argues that China should coordinate the development of urbanization, industrialization,agricultural modernization,and informationalization,based on analysis of the five major deviations in the process of China’s urbanization.In order to advance the sustainable development of urbanization in China,following measures need to be taken by the government:balancing the development of large,medium-sized and small cities and towns,reforming the government’s fiscal and tax system,encouraging migrant workers and their families to work and live at local cities and towns,providing citizenship to migrant workers,and avoiding the inter-cities cutthroat competition on GDP.     

Measurement and Theoretical Perspectives of Immigrant Assimilation in China

After summarizing the theories and measurement indices of assimilation,this paper examines and re-constructs the measurement framework of assimilation at individual level,followed by discussing some theoretical questions of assimilation in present China.Assimilation could be one point on the line connecting adaptation,segmented assimilation and assimilation.Measurement indices framework of immigrant assimilation in destination should be simplified with high validity,corresponding to the theories.Assimilation can be divided into five dimensions:economic,cultural,social,structural and identity.Future research should be directed at the final direction of the assimilation of migrants, and the causal chain centered on the assimilation"the status and the causes and consequences of assimilations",and longitudinal or panel survey studies should be enhanced to understand the situation and development trajectory of assimilation of migrants in China.     

China’s Population towards Urbanization

The trends of population urbanization have been received increasing attention in the 21st century.The paper argues that population movement and migration has been over fertility and mortality and becomes the predominating driving force on demographic dynamics in China. Facing an entirely new demographic situation,population urbanization should be favorably welcomed.Taking Beijing and Germany as cases,it examines the city size issue from an urban system perspective,and argues that urban functions should be properly defined within an urban system.We should recognize the importance of urbanization to modernization and removing the factors which may negatively affect the urbanization process,so as to promote healthy development of urbanization in China.     

Study of Main Function District Population Carrying Capacity

The population carrying capacity of restricted district,key development district,optimized district appear gradient decrease. While differentiation of satisfaction regarding population capacity appears in optimizing district, key development districts or restricted districts, the unbalanced distribution of population between districts or within districts emerges. Using multi-pronged measures to reasonably control population size and guide the movement of population to the suburbs, this is a realistic policy direction for Beijing,Shanghai Guangzhou and Shenzhen First-tier cities. Other optimizing districts and key development districts should raise their population carrying capacity’s short board. Restricted district should increase their financial input and improve their Improve their level of public service.     

The Economic Pressure of Population Ageing in China and Its Regulation

By adopting the AECI Index Method proposed by the author and using method of population simulation,this paper analyzes quantitatively the trend,intensity and regulation of the economic pressure of population ageing in China,and compares China with other countries.It draws the following conclusions:(1) China will face great economic pressure due to population ageing in the first half of this century.According to the medium projection,the pressure will increase most rapidly during the period from the middle of 2020s to the end of 2030s,and reach its peak around 2040 when the intensity of the pressure may quadruple that in 2010.(2) The great economic pressure of population ageing may remarkably reduce China’s development momentum.(3) To ease the pressure,we should rely mainly on economic measures,supplemented by population control measures.(4) To gradually liberalize the prevailing birth control policy on the premise of sticking to the state policy of family planning is a rational approach to regulate the economic pressure of population ageing in China.On the one hand,this can ease the possible economic pressure of ageing in the future,and on the other hand,it can control the pressure of population size within an endurable limit.     

Talent Strategy in the Period of Urban Transformation

The talent is the engine factor for Shanghai while transforming the economic development model in the 12the-five-year-plan period.Today the talent development strategy in Shanghai is not only facing the great challenges from international metropolis and domestic cities,but also exists a series of structural problems for itself.To acquire and maintain its competitive advantages in an era of global brain battle in future,Shanghai needs to definitely orient its mission towards a global talent hub,accelerate the pace of talents internationalization, strengthen the adjustment effort to talent structures,enforce the market allocation mechanism,optimize the talent ecosystem and innovate the system and mechanism.     

Main Challenges and Strategic Countermeasures for China's Green Economy Development

This paper anaIyzed necessity,main challenges and strategic countermeasures for green economy development in China. The conclusions included that china achieves an excellent economic performance through undertaking international industrial transfer in the past 20 years,however,which also brings China heavy environmental costs, and the 20 years of undertaking international industry transfer is also the Process of undertaking international transfer of natural resources consumption and environmental pollution. At present,China has become the country of highest ecological overload and environmental risk in the world,and also lost the international competitiveness of traditional industries, and China is facing unprecedented pressure of economic transformation.There are some advantages for China's green economic transformation, such as, huge domestic demands,abundant civil capital, etc.,but the challenges faced are serious as well. Overall, China needs to break through three vital barriers. First, China is still at the stage of mid—industrialization and urbanization and the huge demands for traditional industry willcontinue for 10~15 years; second,the domestic market development for new green industry is too slow under the influence of market monopoly by traditional energy industry and limited green technology innovating capacity; third, the elements of land,water and mineral are undervalued,and environmental damage free of enterprises production cost.In the future,China should foster and expand green industries based on domestic demands,and then strive for competitive advantages in the international market. To establish a favorable institutional environment is crucial for China's green transition and policy-making should focus on:(1) establishing forced-mechanism for traditional industries upgrading and incentive mechanism for emerging green industries developing, and prioritizing total factor productivity in economic achievement evaluation system;(2) Promoting integration of emerging cities and strategic emerging industries;(3) enhancing competitiveness of emerging industries in global market by adopting the pattern of to innovate technology—form patent—establish standards—guide market;(4) establishing green consumption pattern in whole society.     

Family Development in China Steps into New Level and Enhancement of Interpersonal Harmony and Social Emotion Is Urgently Needed——Survey Report on Family Happiness in China

Family happiness is an important index to gauge national well-being. The demand of a family is the basic need for people’s livelihood. To understand the family development situation and the demand and mood of family members in China, the first"Online Survey on Family Happiness in China"was launched     

The service and management policy for China＇s floating population

The floating population in an important force in China＇s economic and social development.To better serve and manage this huge population.the Chinese Government has introduced on after another relevant policies for the reform of household registration,     

The Elderly Care Issues in Rural China and Countermeasures

According to the different elderly care-givers,we divided elderly care into five models.They are relative-care-giver model,friend- care-giver model,volunteer-care-giver model,market-supply-care model and welfare model.With analysis of the sample survey about elderly care in rural Hubei Province,we find that there are some serious problems about daily care for the old people,such as single elderly care model,a huge gap of demand and supply of daily care for old people, and deteriorating elderly care problem. The causes of the problems are the weakening of family support for the old,the insufficient of welfare model and market-supply-care model. To solve the problems,the formal support for the old people should be increased,and the function of market should be strengthened. At the same time,family support should continue to play an important role in the elderly care.     

A Study on the Causes of Population Urbanization Laging Behind Land Urbanization

Promoting the coordinative development of population urbanization and land urbanization is the key of China’s new-type urbanization.With the subject of analyzing the imbalance of the development of population and land urbanization,using panel data of provinces,we draw the following conclusions:firstly,acceleration of industrialization process causes massive extension of city construction land,but limits"absorb effect" on population urbanization,making population urbanization lag behind land urbanization;secondly local governments relying on land finance result in an inverse association between fiscal revenue and expenditure and urbanization,which aggravates the imbalance of population and land urbanization;thirdly,controlling of household register is the primary cause of the slow development of population urbanization,however,loosening this policy and reforming the institutions will promote the development of urbanization;lastly,lengthening the use periods of farmland is good for the coordinative development of urbanization for its"guarantee effect",but a perfect mechanism of land transfer should be taken for the premise.     

Expert’s Interpretation of Four New Messages from Central Conference on Rural Work

Objectives and Tasks of Rural Work in 2013 To improve people’s livelihood through ensuring supply and income growth, and vitalize rural economy through reform and innovation" is to ensure major agricultural products such as grains to obtain another good harvest; keep the tendency of income growth of farmers unweakened; continuously improve farmers’ production and living conditions; further eliminate the systemic obstacles that restrict agricultural development; and vitalize rural economy. Major Points of Rural Work in 2013 1. To continuously do a good job in agricultural production; stably increase the production of major agricultural products such     

China’s Urban Population Exceeding Half: Challenges and Responses

China’s urban population exceeded rural population for the first time in Chinese history,reaching 51.27% in 2011.However,the level of urbanization has been exaggerated.If deducting the landless peasants under forced urbanization and migrant workers being not treated equally in the cities,China’ s actual urbanization level stood at 41.6% .There are challenges ahead.For example,an urban social value system has not been established in our society; we don’ t have a clear understanding of the role of cities and how to develop a city; urban management has not prepared well for urbanization development; and there is a long way to go in achieving equal treatment for all of the Urban residents.To cope with the challenges of urbanization,we need to improve the quality of urbanization,correctly understand the role of urbanization and its substance,follow the law of the urban development,and to explore building of an urban culture system.     

Set Up and Improve a Statistic and Monitoring System for the Whole Floating Population

To scientifically understand the size, structure, distribution and the trends of changes in the floating population and pay close attention to the survival and development situation of the floating population, the family planning departments make full use of the advantages of the network to speed up the formulation and improvement of the statistical and monitoring system for the whole floating population. The system is featured by ＂timely data collection, dynamic monitoring, comprehensive analysis and scientific decision-making＂.     

China''''s Social Security Policy

ForewordSocial security is one of the most importantsocioeconomic systems for a country in modern times.To establish and improve a social security systemcorresponding to the level of economic development is alogical requirement for coordinated economic and socialdevelopment. It is also an important guarantee for thesocial stability and the long-term political stability of acountry.China is the biggest developing country with a largepopulation, but its economic base is weak and there aregreat i…     

The Generality and Particularity of Labor Migration in China

Labor migration among regions and between the urban-rural has been a popular research topic in labor economics,development economics, industrial economics and regional economics.The world economy development history proves that such labor migration is inevitable economic phenomenon in the process of economic development.However,there are some keys to better understand China’s labor migration,such as what are the characteristics of China’s labor migration? What differences are there in China’s labor migration compared with that of the development countries and other developing countries? What are the connotational and theoretical implications of China’s labor migration? These are the core questions of this paper.Understanding these questions will patch up the shortages in the existing researches of the field,lay solid foundation and provide valuable reference for the economic effects, the welfare effects of China’s labor migration and associated institutional arrangements and macroeconomic policies.     

Sustainability Key for Future Development in China

Sustainable development with Chinese characteristics is key for China抯 future development. This is a consensus reached by environmentalists both at home and abroad who attended the fifth session of the second meeting of the Committee on International Cooperation in Environment and Development in China held in October, 2001 in Beijing. Since the establishment of the committee in 1992, China has made great efforts to improve its policies related to sustainable development. Environment…     

On Long-term Balanced Development of National Defense Population

This article explores population long-term balanced development for national defense according to the strategic goals set at the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Three major issues are discussed. Firstly, the concept and connotation of the long-term equilibrium development of national defense population are defi ned, in which population long-term equilibrium is equal to population "longterm safety"including quality balance, quantity balance and population structure equilibrium. And "quantity equilibrium"needs to be considered in both absolute and relative terms. Secondly, the"non-equilibrium"situation of national defense population is examined from the perspective of quality and quantity. Thirdly, policy suggestions in promoting the national defense population equilibrium are proposed with regard to population regulation, human resource development and social security.     

White Paper on Population in China

The Information Office of the State Council published a white paper titled "China's Population and Development in the 21st Century. "Following is the full text of the white paper:Preface1. The 21st century is approaching. With the rapid development of science and technology and the swift changes in the world economic order and patterns, population and development have become an increasingly important issue, which draws broad concern of the international community. It is the common choice o…     

Exploration and Establishment of the Chinese Model of Demographic Transition

Exploration of Chinese paths of socialist construction and demographic transition paralleled each other from 1949 to 1978.Mortality rate decreased rapidly during the early 1950s as a result of the public health campaign,which initiated the process of demographic transition in China.Countering the problem of rapid population growth in 1950s,China put forward the theory and the concept of "realizing planned childbearing",and the Chinese model of demographic transition was brewing.Orientation of the Chinese path of demographic transition was reinforced in the 1960s in the context of intensifying contradiction between population and socio-economic development.Finally,China launched the demographic transition by vigorously implementing population control and family planning in the 1970s in the midst of "Cultural Revolution" when the rapidly increasing size of population exerted great pressure on economic development.The Chinese path of demographic transition is determined by the changing characteristics of the times and China’s special national conditions.