中韩出生人口性别比偏高现象之审视

中韩两国在出生人口性别比的变化特点、出生人口性别比偏高产生的原因等方面有着极为相似之处,总结韩国应对出生人口性别比偏高的措施和做法．特别是通过促进妇女政策环境的形成和建立社会性别平等机制来治理出生人口性别比偏高的经验。对于中国具有十分重要的借鉴作用。     

坚持“四到位” 强化综合治理出生人口性别比工作

河北省滦南县坚持统筹推动、宣传引导、制度规范、优惠帮扶“四到位”,不断强化对出生人口性别比升高问题的综合治理,取得了明显成效。全县出生人口性别比呈现逐年下降的良好态势,基本控制在正常范围内。统筹推动到位为综合治理提供坚强保障滦南县始终高度重视出生人口性别比综合治理工作,研究出台了《关于综合治理出生人口性别比升高问题的意见》,明确了出生人口性别比治理工作的目标、措施以及各相关部门的职责任务。县委、县政府将出生人口性别比综合     

性别偏好视角下的中国人口转变模式分析

文章基于传统的人口转变理论,从生育空间的三维性出发,提出了性别偏好视角下的中国人口转变模式。利用全国和分省的总和生育率及出生人口性别比数据进行验证,实证结果表明中国人口转变中存在带有性别偏好的人口转变模式:出生人口性别比伴随生育水平和性别偏好的动态变化而呈现出上升、高位徘徊的阶段特征和下降的趋势,这种变动趋势又因生育空间的区域差异呈现出4种区域类型。     

论出生人口性别比偏高问题治理的有效性

伴随着由生育控制政策带来的低生育率水平以及胎儿性别鉴定技术的普及,中国自1980年以后出现了出生人口性别比持续升高态势。1986年,中国政府开始采取法律、法规等措施对出生人口性别比偏高问题进行治理。2000年以来,采取了更为综合性的手段对出生人口性别比偏高问题进行治理,查处＂两非＂的同时,运用利益导向等社会政策工具引导人们转变男孩偏好。然而,2005年抽样调查数据显示,尽管出生人口性别比继续升高的态势稍有缓解,部分地区甚至出现了下降的势头,但其总体偏高的态势并没有发生根本性变化。     

韩国出生性别比失衡的公共治理及对中国的启示

韩国出生性别比呈现先上升后下降的态势,韩国出生性别比偏高的直接原因是性别选择流、引产,而传统文化是根源性的原因,韩国性别失衡带来一系列社会后果,影响了韩国的社会稳定;韩国政府出台了一系列旨在维护女童权益、反对歧视女性、提高女性地位的法律法规;韩国的公民社会也作出了许多有益的尝试,通过公共治理,出生性别比出现显著下降,而且女性地位得到较大提升;韩国性别比失衡问题的治理对中国解决相关人口问题有着重要的借鉴意义。     

出生人口性别比专项治理工作初见成效——福建省晋江市个案分析

近年来,福建省晋江市出生人口性别比一度呈上升趋势,引起了晋江市委、市政府的高度重视,他们加强组织领导,采取综合措施,大力开展出生人口性别比专项整治活动,该市出生人口性别比有了明显的下降,专项治理工作已取得初步成效。一、专项治理出生人口性别比的基本做法(一)加强组织领导,落实齐抓共管晋江市党政领导充分认识到出生人口性别比升高问题的严重性,把出生人口性别比专项治理作为提升计划生育整体水平的一项重要工作来抓。2002年10月以来,晋江市委先后多次召开常委会及常委扩大会议,专题分析研究计生工作。晋江市五套班子领导每季度都…     

性别选择性人工流产对出生性别比影响强度的定量研究

文章以“性别人流指数”为量化指标具体反映中国的性别选择性人工流产对出生性别比升高的影响强度。结果显示,性别选择性人工流产对出生性别比升高的影响强度随着时间推移呈现逐渐增强趋势;不同人口社会学特征育龄妇女对出生性别比升高的影响强度也不一样,其中对农村中女儿户妇女影响比较大,特别是受教育程度比较低的育龄妇女。     

中国出生性别比异常的特征分析

利用对中国人口有代表性的、最新资料 ,分析中国出生性别比异常的变化趋势和人群、地域特征。我国出生性别比持续异常 ,主要表现为第二及以上孩次的出生性别比的升高 ,其中只有姐姐的婴儿出生性别比异常升高情况最为严重 ;且随时间的推移越来越严重 ;从地域分布来说 ,华南和华东地区出生性别比异常现象最为严重     

广西人口出生性别比失调的原因与治理

文章对广西人口出生性别比失调的现状及其失调的主要因素进行了分析,并针对性别比失调的进一步治理提出对策和建议.文章认为,广西人口出生性别比失调,是作为第一少数民族人口大省和谐社会建构中的一个人口安全隐患,不利于民族地区社会经济的发展和民族共同繁荣,应予高度重视并采取积极有效的措施进行治理.     

出生性别比持续升高的人口伦理学分析

中国婴儿出生性别比自 2 0世纪 80年代以来持续升高 ,人口道德面临严峻挑战。因此 ,从人口伦理学的角度分析中国人口出生性别比持续升高的道德原因 ,阐释人口道德的生成机制 ,重建科学的现代的人口道德势在必行     

Stereotypes,Emotions, and Behaviors Toward Lesbians,Gay Men,Bisexual Women,and Bisexual Men

The utility of the Stereotype Content Model (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, & Xu, 2002) and the Behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes map (Cuddy, Fiske, & Glick, 2007) were examined in the context of heterosexuals’ attitudes toward sexual minorities. Heterosexual adults completed a survey measuring stereotypes, emotions, and behavioral tendencies toward lesbians, gay men, bisexual women, and bisexual men. Stereotype content differed across groups and showed “gendered” and “valenced” effects on emotions and behavioral tendencies. Competence predicted behaviors for men, whereas warmth and competence predicted behaviors for women, and, for the most part, more was better. Admiration and contempt mediated most of these relationships across most subgroups, but pity and envy played smaller roles for some subgroups. Across all groups, competence played a more predictive role than warmth.     

R&D, human capital, fertility, and growth

This paper analyzes how the decisions of individuals to have children and acquire skills affect long-term growth. We investigate a model in which technical progress, human capital, and population arise endogenously. In such an economy, the presence of distortions (such as monopolistic competition, knowledge spillover, and duplication effects) leads the decentralized long-run growth to be either insufficient or excessive. We show that this result depends on the relative contribution of population and human capital in the determination of long-term growth, i.e., on how the distortions affect the trade-off between the quantity of offsprings and the quality of the family members.     

“Difficult,Messy, Nasty,and Sensational”

Feminist publishing played an important role in the feminist art movement of the 1970s and into the 1980s, and Heresies: A Feminist Publication on Art and Politics was a key journal in this landscape. This paper argues that Heresies is important not only because it was a forum for some of the most influential feminist art women of the period, but because it experimented with an editorial structure that required participants to reckon with the discomforts of difference. Editors of the periodical took seriously the feminist critique of hierarchically structured organizational cultures and both promoted and practiced collective publishing. Moreover, through an emphasis on editorial statements, I consider how Heresies gives expression to the affective entanglements of the women involved in Heresies' specific form of collaboration and collective feminist politics. An examination of the editorials as sites of affective intensity helps to come to an understanding not of what women were thinking, writing, and making, but how they may have felt about their work and their relationships with women with whom they worked.     

Validity,facts, and values sans closure: Reply to Messick,Reckase, Moss,and Zimmerman

Social Indicators Research -     

Pills,Periods, and Postfeminism

Since the English translation of Elsimar Coutinho's Is Menstruation Obsolete? in 1999 and the introduction of cycle-stopping birth control pills in 2003, US women are increasingly advised that menstruation is not necessary for good health. The most widely distributed source of such messages is direct-to-consumer advertisements for birth control pills. The most recent television ads for Seasonique, the leading brand of cycle-stopping contraceptive in the US, minimize the pill's contraceptive function and focus instead on their effectiveness in reducing the frequency of menstruation. A close reading of these commercials reveals them to be an integral part of an emerging postfeminist media culture that attempts to solidify a new, neoliberal subjectivity for women. This subjectivity imposes an idealized, docile, non-menstruating feminine body, ready for full-time participation in the neoliberal economy.     

Media,State, and Patriarchy

This paper examines one of the dominant discourses that Jordanian media circulate on female virginity, which emphasises the state's various roles in relation to it. Relying on an analysis of virginity in online Jordanian media in the years 2008–2010, I argue that the Jordanian state is portrayed as having three main roles: that of the inspector, certifying the presence and/or authenticity of female virginity; that of the guard, protecting it from any measures or products that may disrupt the status quo; and sometimes, the state is portrayed as an ambivalent observer, flexibly but ambiguously, allowing some room for subversion. The media's portrayal of the state as a paternalistic authority over women's bodies betrays their own complicity in perpetuating the dominant virginity discourse at the expense of more progressive viewpoints.