Social Policy & Administration: Journal and Discipline

‘Social Policy & Administration’ is the oldest British social policy journal. This article charts its evolution over the last 40 years in the wider context of British social policy. It presents a timeline of the journal and discipline, an analysis of articles in the journal, and presents its most‐cited articles and most‐published authors. It uses this material to inform some impressions of the journal and discipline.     

Social Policy's ‘Greatest Hits’

The ‘age of metrics’ or ‘the metric tide’ in the form of bibliometrics has largely by‐passed Social Policy. This study aims to broaden the focus from the most cited articles in Social Policy journals to discover the most cited works in Social Policy or ‘Social Policy's Greatest Hits’. It finds some 24 works with over 2000 Google Scholar citations, but only nine of these are by social policy writers. In terms of total citations, Gosta Esping‐Andersen's The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism is the clear leader by a significant margin, with the most cited Social Policy (or Social Administration) writers being Peter Townsend, Richard Titmuss, Ruth Lister and Jane Lewis. In addition to total citations, it presents citations per year, and ‘Social Policy citations’ (i.e. the use made of the work within the discipline of Social Policy). This list is headed by Gosta Esping‐Andersen and Paul Pierson, with the leading social policy writer being Jane Lewis. This article presents a set of the ‘most plausible contenders’ for the works with greatest influence within Social Policy or ‘Social Policy's Greatest Hits’. It is concluded that, even with its flaws, bibliometrics is an important approach to exploring the vast field of Social Policy.     

社会工作视角下的生态福利社会化

社会福利是与民生、与社会工作密切相关的领域,生态福利作为社会福利的新的组成部分,更加强调作为个体的人与生态环境的互动。生态福利更强调社会应该为人类生存与发展所提供的好的生存环境以及物质福利与精神福利的双重促进。运用社会工作助人自助的理念和社会工作专业方法可以很好的将生态福利的服务推广和运用到生活中。生态福利社会化概念的提出,有利于扩大社会福利的内涵,唤醒公众关注社会福利的意识,促进社会全面发展。本文将从生态福利社会化的定义、社会工作与生态福利的关系、社会工作方法在生态福利社会化中的具体应用以及社会工作者在其中的角色等方面,对社会工作视角下的生态福利社会化进行探析。认为社会工作方法的应用有助于推进生态福利社会化,促进社会和个人良性互动、协调发展。     

我国高校社会工作专业学生课外能力培养探索

我国社会工作专业是一门新兴的学科,它的发展特别是在学生能力的培养方面还存在不足。本文结合高校社会工作学生能力要求,针对其培养现状,提出了以课外能力方式培养学生专业技能,并通过实践探索总结了该模式的优势和作用,分析其中的不足,对该模式的实施提出了意见。     

论企业社会工作的概念、目标与原则

企业社会工作、工业社会工作、职业社会工作三者在外延上存在着区别。从历史与逻辑发展角度看,企业社会工作是从工业社会工作的概念发展而来,中间又经过职业社会工作的"过渡",三者在"社会工作"之内涵上相同,在外延上有异。目前,企业社会工作的提法似更为合适。企业社会工作是运用社会工作的专业性手法,以企业单位及其职工为案主对象,以预防和解决企业及其职工问题为目标,以企业员工全面发展和企业组织科学管理为宗旨,以培养和发扬员工互助精神和自助能力为追求,调动和利用各种资源,增进员工福利、提升企业效率,促进员工与企业和谐发展的专业化介入手法与工作过程。     

Loaning Supplementary Benefit and the Introduction of the Social Fund

This paper discusses an episode in social security policy making that has until now remained unexplored. This is the review, at the request of then Labour Secretary of State for Social Services, Richard Crossman MP, in the latter months of 1969 and early 1970 into the possibility of introducing loans to the Supplementary Benefit system as a replacement for some exceptional needs and exceptional circumstances payments. The paper examines files held at the National Archives to discuss the nature and extent of the proposed scheme and the objections of civil servants to loaning Supplementary Benefit. The paper demonstrates how the worst‐case scenario outlined by civil servants in 1970 was introduced some 15 years later as Social Fund loans. The paper then discusses economic, ideological and social change that provided the context for the introduction of loans as part of the Social Fund in the 1980s.     

社会工作专业实习的几点思考——以学校社会工作课程实习为例

社会工作实习是社会工作专业教育中的重要一环。本文以学校社会工作课程实习为例,通过对实习情况的介绍,总结实习过程中发现的问题,并提出相应的思考和建议。     

Intervening in youth problem behavior in Sweden: a pragmatic cost analysis of MST from a randomized trial with conduct disordered youth

Olsson TM. Intervening in youth problem behavior in Sweden: a pragmatic cost analysis of MST from a randomized trial with conduct disordered youth Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 194–205 © 2009 The Author(s), Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. Within the context of a randomized trial, this study assessed the costs of treating conduct disorder with multisystemic therapy (MST) or treatment as usual (TAU) for 156 youth in Sweden. From the perspective of the municipal Social Welfare Administration, all intervention costs were collected for the 6‐month period starting at randomization. MST was found to cost, on average, US$8,847 per youth. A course of intervention including MST was found to cost significantly more (US$5,038 per youth) than TAU. Although MST was found to reduce the use of and costs associated with non‐placement interventions, MST was not found to reduce the use of or costs associated with placement interventions. This is contrary to findings reported from studies undertaken in the USA. Intent‐to‐treat (ITT) and treatment‐of‐treated (TOT) analyses are presented.     

本土社会工作介入临终服务领域的两种路径

20世纪80年代以来临终服务事业逐渐进入国内学界和公众视野。社会工作作为专门助人专业,在介入和推动中国临终关怀服务事业中,医务社会工作者应发挥积极效用。同时,从本土社会工作视角介入当前临终服务领域的路径除了要关注临终关怀,还要发展死亡教育事业。对临终关怀的探讨,在本土语境中利于扩大社会工作专业的服务范围,对社会工作学科的发展也具有积极的建设性意义。     

社工的优势视角与社会学的想象力——两种视角的兼容与对比

社会工作在中国的成长与发展离不开社会学学科基础的支撑。虽然随着学科实践的发展,社会工作日益凸显了其自身学科特性,如价值性、实践性、临床性、微观性等,社会工作与社会学的区分度也日益明显,但作为学科,社会工作与社会学二者的学科基础有很大的相通性,社会学的某些理论视角应该为社会工作所用,或者可以相互结合。本文正是基于这样的思考,试图将社会学想象力与社会工作的优势视角相结合,分析彼此的兼容点,从而促进学科间的相互交流,也为社会工作提供更加广阔的发展视角。     

Ideas and Institutional Change in Social Security: Conversion,Layering, and Policy Drift*

Objectives. In recent years, social scientists such as Kathleen Thelen and Jacob Hacker have introduced new concepts to assist in the understanding of institutional change. Fostering some of these concepts, this article proceeds to augment the theoretical debate on institutional change in social science and policy research. A discussion of Social Security development in the United States advances the article's main objective: to uncover the relationship between ideational processes and policy development. Methods. Qualitative and historical analysis is offered to examine three major policy episodes: the enactment of the 1939 amendments, the first mandate of the Nixon Administration (1969–1972), and the push for Social Security privatization that emerged in the 1990s. Results. First, the analysis suggests that, through the process of institutional conversion, the 1939 amendments and the Nixon‐era reforms altered the nature of Social Security. Second, the discussion on Social Security privatization stresses the impact of layering and policy drift on public and private pensions. Conclusions. The concepts of conversion, layering, and policy drift receive further empirical support through the presented analysis. Moreover, this article suggests that, for a full understanding of institutional change, a systematic analysis of ideational processes is necessary.     

浅谈帮助地震致残者的社会工作方法

做好地震致残者社会工作有着重要意义。地震致残者现在及今后可能面临的问题包括：心理问题、日常生活问题、就业问题、文体活动问题。为了促进问题的解决,应采取各种可能的直接或间接的方法——个案工作、小组工作、社会工作督导、社会工作咨询、社会工作研究,做好社会工作,关爱地震致残者。     

社会工作专业学生认知实习的实践与探索

社会工作认知实习是为专业实习打基础的重要一步。本文从自身的实践经验出发,介绍认知实习的情况和基本做法,反思不足之处,提出设想。     

社会工作实验室的网络化管理初探

社会工作实验室在社会工作专业教学中扮演着重要的角色,但目前许多高校社会工作实验室在管理中存在一些问题,导致社会工作实验室未能发挥出应有的作用,作者结合自己进行实验室管理的经验,对社会工作实验室的网络化管理进行了初步的尝试和探索,并提出了一些改进的建议。     

社会工作在中国社会保障制度改革中的拓展

社会保障制度是国家和社会依法保障社会成员基本生活的社会制度,社会工作是一种助人的专业,帮助社会弱势群体解决问题,两者对维护社会稳定和促进社会发展起着重要的作用。中国的社会保障制度正进行着全方位的改革和完善,在社会保障制度的改革中,社会工作有着很大的拓展空间。本文阐述了社会工作在社会保障制度改革中拓展的可能性、拓展的空间及拓展的影响。     

Embodiment and the Construction of Social Knowledge: Towards an Integration of Embodiment and Social Representations Theory

Recent developments in the psychological and social sciences have seen a surge of attention to concepts of embodiment. The burgeoning field of embodied cognition, as well as the long‐standing tradition of phenomenological philosophy, offer valuable insights for theorising how people come to understand the world around them. However, the implications of human embodiment have been largely neglected by one of the key frameworks for conceptualising the development of social knowledge: Social Representations Theory. This article seeks to spark a dialogue between Social Representations Theory and embodiment research. It outlines the position the body occupies in the existing theoretical and empirical social representations literature, and argues that incorporating concepts gleaned from embodiment research may facilitate a more comprehensive account of the aetiology of social representations. The value of analytic attention to embodiment is illustrated with reference to a recent study of social representations of neuroscience, which suggested that embodied experience can shape the extent to which people engage with certain topics, the conditions under which they do so, and the conceptual and affective content of the ensuing representations. The article argues that expanding Social Representations Theory's methodological and conceptual toolkit, in order to illuminate the interplay between embodied experience and social communication in the development of common‐sense knowledge, promises productive directions for empirical and theoretical advancement.     

发展型社会政策视域下失地农民政策创新

随着我国工业化和现代化进程的推进,原有城市空间已不能满足现今迅猛发展的要求。在这个前提下,征地被提上日程,失地农民也随之产生。政府在制定关于征地的补偿政策时,采取的是一种后发性战略,不能完全覆盖问题的所有方面。本文运用一个新视角———发展型社会政策,来看待失地农民问题并提出相应的建议。     

Discerning self‐interested behaviour in attitudes towards welfare state responsibilities across Europe

Baslevent C, Kirmanoglu H. Discerning self‐interested behaviour in attitudes towards welfare state responsibilities across Europe Int J Soc Welfare 2011: 20: 344–352 © 2010 The Author(s), International Journal of Social Welfare © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. This article reports on an investigation into the influence of individual characteristics on attitudes to government responsibility for welfare‐related tasks using data from the European Social Survey. The main finding of this investigation was that socio‐demographic characteristics, basic personal values, a left–right ideological position and religious affiliation were all associated with attitudes towards welfare policies. An item‐by‐item examination of the six issues enquired about in the survey revealed that people tended to hold the government responsible for tasks that would benefit them more directly. Taken as a whole, the empirical findings were interpreted to mean that individuals' tastes for welfare state policies were driven, at least partially, by self‐interest, but it was also noted that further work was needed to disentangle the potential role of group loyalty effects.     

美国禁毒社会工作的内容与绩效研究

吸毒问题成为美国一个社会问题由来已久。1960年代以后,美国吸毒问题日趋严重,社会工作逐步介入禁毒领域。美国禁毒社会工作内容包括政府重视禁毒工作、社会工作参与预防吸毒、社会工作参与治疗等等。不过,考察近几十年来美国禁毒社会工作,其绩效不甚理想。美国禁毒社会工作要想取得突破性进展,新中国建国初的禁毒工作经验反而值得他们借鉴。     

大学生团体意识缺失的原因与对策思考

本文是对广东部分高校大学生团体意识状况调研的结果。在市场经济大潮中,大学生思想品德表现出一些值得重视的问题,团体意识的缺失是其中重要原因之一。社会发展需要团体合作,团体意识、团队精神越来越受重视。本文从社会工作角度探讨大学生的团体意识缺失的原因并提出对策。