21世纪的公共汽车

叙述了21世纪公共汽车的发展趋向和几种重要的类型:低地板公共汽车、代用燃料公共汽车、混合动力公共汽车、生态公共汽车。     

ABB的新型轻轨电车

介绍ABB公司“Variotram”系列轻轨电车的许多新特点,如:模块式结构、机动灵活、技术先进和低地板等。     

美国发展城市有轨公共交通近讯

介绍美国电车新制造商——布鲁克维尔公司、肯尼迪机场的架空有轨列车、来自西门子公司的低地板轻轨车辆和进入美国市场的西班牙车辆制造商CAF公司。     

你也可以写本书——偷窥自己的感觉如此美妙

有一天，一个女人坐在地板上，花了一上午时间，清理好儿子的玩具。在清理的过程中，她惊奇地发现，她的儿子竟然有268辆“车”。她随手拿起一辆车，就拿起了她自己的某一段日子。     

天津构建低碳交通体系研究

公共交通设施属于城市基础设施最重要的组成部分之一，其完善程度是衡量现代化城市成熟度的重要标志。随着天津城镇化进程的加快，城市空间结构呈“摊大饼”的趋势发展，而天津公交出行分担率仅维持在20％的低水平线上。     

商务区网约车交通组织实践——以上海杨浦滨江南段为例

上海杨浦滨江南段是城市发展重点区域,美团、哔哩哔哩等互联网企业已明确入驻商务区,这将导致网约车夜高峰的产生,同时区域用地紧凑,路网和公交条件一般,网约车交通组织有着很大挑战。该文基于需求预测明确区域网约车交通组织和上落客设施布局原则,从设施挖潜、路网影响、系统配套管理方案三个方面提出改善措施,以此提升网约车服务供给,也为国内相关类似地区的交通组织改造提升提供借鉴。     

日本养老院的高科技护理和心理护理

日本关西大阪府寝屋川市的“诚信香里园”养老院是松下电器公司投资修建的一家现代化养老院。这里的地板是防滑且具有缓冲力的特制地板。床边的墙匕有个“失禁感应器”，如果老人失禁尿湿了褥单，它就会发出通知。床脚处安装有“离床感应器”，能让工作人员在老人不慎从床上跌落时迅速察觉并及时赶来。     

广州出租汽车的新形象

<正> 广州市的出租汽车前些时已全部实施“四统一”营运,向市民展示了出租汽车行业的崭新形象:①统一车客车貌,使用白色人造革椅套,红色车厢地板;②统一司机着装,蓝白色间条衬衣,肩上镶有建设部统一规范     

论山东的城镇化道路与农村发展

城市现代化其实质在于不断提高城市的总体质量,包括城市规划、城市各项设施建设和整个城市的管理水平。城市现代化的“化”是一个动态过程,切不可认为工业现代化会“自然带来”城市的现代化。1983年以来,我省的城镇化水平提高得很快。其决定因素在于山东省的工农业生产及其他商品经济发展的高速度。但有的城市和小城镇的建设和发展与人为的     

老人居室的装修

地板最好不用釉面砖 ,以优质无釉砖、防滑砖、木地板、强化地板等为佳 ,尤其是厨房、浴室应采用易于清洁的防滑地砖。忌用花里胡哨或几何形图案的地砖 ,以免产生眼花缭乱和高低不平的视觉偏差 ,防止跌跤。光线由于老人视力衰退 ,室内采光、照明应充足 ,尤其是厨房、卫生间应更加明亮 ,最好有强弱两套照明设施 ,客厅、饭厅、书房、寝室也应有充足的光线和方便的灯具。色彩老人居室四周色彩不能太暗 ,应多用浅色或白色 ,看上去才舒爽、洁净 ,沙发、床罩、窗帘等宜鲜艳 ,以增加喜庆、热闹氛围 ,减少老人的寂寞和孤独。阳台不宜封闭 ,以利于呼吸…     

Low-floor bus design preferences of walking aid users during simulated boarding and alighting

Low-floor buses represent a significant improvement in accessible public transit for passengers with limited mobility. However, there is still a need for research on the inclusive design of transit buses to identify specific low-floor bus design conditions that are either particularly accommodating or challenging for passengers with functional and mobility impairments. These include doorway locations, seating configuration and the large front wheel-well covers that collectively impact boarding, alighting and interior movement of passengers. Findings from a laboratory study using a static full-scale simulation of a lowfloor bus to evaluate the impact of seating configuration and crowding on interior movement and accessibility for individuals with and without walking aids are presented (n=41). Simulated bus journeys that included boarding, fare payment, seating, and alighting were performed. Results from video observations and subjective assessments showed differences in boarding and alighting performance and users' perceptions of task difficulty. The need for assistive design features (e.g. handholds, stanchions), legroom and stowage space for walking aids was evident. These results demonstrate that specific design conditions in low-floor buses can significantly impact design preference among those who use walking aids. Consideration of ergonomics and inclusive design can therefore be used to improve the design of low-floor buses.     

Comparison of basic data for the National Survey of Residential Group Care Facilities: 1966-1982

Major findings from this analysis of the data gathered in preparation for the 1966 and 1981 surveys of children's residential group care facilities are as follows below. In the field of residential care of pregnant adolescents, it appears that, despite an increase in the number of births to adolescent mothers since 1966, the preferred mode of serving this population is no longer residential group care. While there has been a small increase (6 facilities) in the number of residential facilities for pregnant adolescents that operate under public auspices, the 49% decrease in facilities under private auspices is the real indicator of the direction of residential services to pregnant adolescents since 1965. In the Child Welfare Stream, the most notable change between 1965 and 1981 was the decrease in the relative proportion of residential group care facilities for dependent, neglected, or abused children and youth. Overall, child welfare facilities accounted for 55% of all residential facilities listed for survey in 1965; in 1981 this percentage had fallen to 37%. As in 1965 the Child Welfare Stream was dominated by the private sector in 1981, with 83% of all child welfare facilities operating under private auspices. This pattern was found for most of the 50 individual states as well. In the Juvenile Justice Stream, the overall increase of 154% in the number of residential facilities since the 1965 listing is due in part to a notable increase in the number of private facilities in this stream of care. Although the majority of juvenile justice facilities are still public, there has been an increase of 17% since 1965 in the proportion of facilities under private auspices. An even greater increase in total number of facilities than was seen in the Juvenile Justice Stream is seen in the mental health field between 1965 and 1981. There were almost four times as many residential mental health facilities listed for survey in 1981 as in 1965. From representing about one-eighth of the total number of all residential group care facilities for children and youth with special problems or needs, the Mental Health Stream increased to a quarter of all such facilities by 1981. As in the earlier study, the Mental Health Stream was dominated by the private sector in 1981. The proportion of mental health facilities under private auspices had increased by 16% since 1965, indicating an even greater involvement of the private sector in the delivery of residential mental health services to children and youth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Policy and research issues for small assisted living facilities

Dramatic growth in Assisted Living (AL) has resulted in increasing research and policy interest. This analysis compares smaller and larger AL facilities in four states to determine whether extant measures of four key concepts, used to distinguish the AL sector, give advantage to larger facilities. Quantitative comparisons predominantly show differences favorable to larger facilities; qualitative information raises the prospect that current measures overlook beneficial aspects of smaller facilities. If small facilities are included under the AL banner. both policy provisions and quality assessment must be carefully crafted to avoid placing small homes in funding and oversight jeopardy as AL develops.     

Village Facilities and Social Place Attachment in the Rural Netherlands

Economies of scale and increased mobility have led to the closure of many village facilities. Most residents do not rely on locally available facilities anymore for their primary function. However, facilities are also meeting places. A decline in facilities may therefore negatively influence residents' social place attachment. This article examines which facilities impact residents' social place attachment. It also explores whether different facilities impact the social place attachment of different groups of residents differently. In our analyses, we make a distinction between rural areas near and away from urban areas. Based on structural equation modeling, we conclude that in rural areas, both near and away from cities, cafés and supermarkets may well matter for residents' social attachment. In contrast to common expectations, community centers, primary schools, and sports facilities were not shown to enhance social place attachment. Considering the increasing self‐reliance of local communities, these findings raise doubts about the use of public services to revitalize local communities.     

Examining the Association between Hazardous Waste Facilities and Rural “Brain Drain”*

Abstract Rural communities are increasingly being faced with the prospect of accepting facilities characterized as “opportunity‐threat,” such as facilities that generate, treat, store, or otherwise dispose of hazardous wastes. Such facilities may offer economic gains through jobs and tax revenue, although they may also act as environmental “disamenities.” This analysis examines the possibility that the presence of such facilities equates with lower loss of rural human capital, a question as yet unexamined on a national scale within the academic literature. Making use of secondary data from several different sources, we examine the association between age‐ and education‐specific outmigration and 1) the number of hazardous waste facilities, 2) the number of large quantity hazardous waste generators, and 3) the number of hazardous waste landfills and incinerators across rural counties within the 48 contiguous states. Our findings suggest that the presence of hazardous waste facilities does not clearly equate with reductions in rural “brain drain.”     

上海社区公共服务设施供需研究与规划思考

目前,国内社区公共服务设施主要通过统一标准进行规划配置,而随着市场经济导致社会空间分异日益显著,不同地区不同社会结构的居民对设施的需求也存在差异,设施供给与需求存在不匹配现象。对此,建议采用刚性与弹性相结合的配置标准、政府与市场相协调的运营模式、自下而上的反馈机制,以提升设施供给的有效性和公正性。     

Is Bigger Really Better?

This study investigates the effect of a capital facilities project on nonprofit financial vulnerability metrics. The author employs a difference‐in‐differences technique to model the relationship between facilities investments and financial vulnerability indicators using data for a matched‐pair sample of nonprofit organizations that invested and did not invest in a facilities project. Overall the findings suggest that investments in facilities are associated with temporary increases in an organization's net assets ratio and decreases in its surplus ratio after a project is completed, and that the costs associated with facilities projects (for example, debt) place strain on nonprofit finances. The study's findings have implications for the financial management of nonprofit organizations, particularly in regard to the associated costs of capital expansion.     

What do Potential Residents Need to Know about Assisted Living Facility Type? The Trade-off between Autonomy and Help with More Complex Needs

The current study surveyed 74 assisted living facilities to examine the effect of facility type on resident autonomy and the willingness of providers to admit residents requiring complex services. Facility types included adult family homes, residential care facilities, and traditional assisted living facilities. Adult family homes were more willing to admit residents with higher care needs. By contrast, assisted living facilities’ policies did not support the provision of intensive services, but their policies promoted higher resident autonomy, suggesting that consumers may have to choose between autonomy and help with complex needs when exploring assisted living for long-term care.     

Workforce Issues in Residential Care Facilities in Rural China

This study examined contemporary frontline workforce issues related to residential care for elders in rural China. Residential facilities in rural China are in transition from exclusively providing shelter to childless elders to providing long-term care for frail elders. These facilities are also under pressure to improve the quality of services that they provide. The study is based on in-depth interviews with administrators and field observations of facilities. The study focused on the following issues related to the workforce: recruitment and retention, training, work environment, workforce organization, regulations, compensation, and career ladders. The implications of resident characteristics for demands on the work force were examined. The study found that lack of skilled personnel is one of the major reasons that the overwhelming majority of facilities deny admission to frail and demented elders. Improving workers’ skill is critical if these facilities are to meet the increasing demand for institutional long-term care needs.