Brief

This brief article discusses population dynamics, contraception, and abortion in Shanghai, China. China's policy of rapidly developing medium and small cities and towns is coming to fruition. China now has 666 cities, of which 75 are megacities, 192 are medium-sized cities, and 399 are small cities. It is expected that there will be about 800 cities by the year 2000. Population movement of the floating population has increased. During 1990-95 the domestic migrant population was 3.02% of total population. 24.44 million (67.1%) were floating population who moved within provinces, and 11.98 million floated between provinces. Population is affected by declines in the supply of water. The Yellow River spans 5400 km and passes through nine provinces, including the two most populous provinces of Henan and Shandong. The Yellow River empties into the Yellow Sea, when the river is flowing. Since 1972, stretches of the Yellow River have run dry for as many as 683 km. The driest stretch of the river tends to be from Kaifeng City in Henan Province to its mouth at the Yellow Sea. The river bed has been dry for as many as 136 days. The lack of water from the Yellow River impacts on the millions who live along its banks near the Yellow Sea. The Shanghai Population Information Center reports that married women's abortion rate has declined and unmarried women's abortion rate has increased. An information program on contraception and contraceptive services for unmarried women is planned for completion by Spring 1998. It is hoped that the family planning program will be as successful in decreasing abortion rates among the unmarried as among the married. In the community of Pengpu New Village, Zabei District, a new family planning program was established which promotes the concept of family planning among nongovernmental organizations, the unemployed, and the floating population.     

Brief

China will realize a low birth rate and shift from slow population growth to zero growth in the next few decades, according to a decision by the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee and the State Council. Entitled "Decision on Strengthening Population and Family Planning Work and Maintaining A Low Birth Rate," the document issued on March 2 has set goals and principles for China's population and family planning work for the next decades. China will keep the average population birt…     

Brief Biography

正Ren Changjiu was born in Ningbo City of Zhejiang Province in 1958 and graduated in the Art Department of Ningbo Yuyao Normal School.Major Exhibitions and Awards In 2014,oil painting Island Verve was selected inThe Visible Poem-Chinese Landscape Oil Painting Exhibition;In 2013,oil painting The Mountain HouseholdsNo.1 was selected inCharacters in Painting-Chinese Oil Painting Exhibition 2013;In 2013,Rural Passion was selected inThe National Prosper by Solid Work-The     

Latent Character Strength Profile and Grouping Effects

Social Indicators Research - Previous studies have shown that personality types may lead to different health status. The current study aims to refine a previous typological profile of strength...     

Brief Introduction of Chen Chenyi

正Chen Chenyi,also known as Chen Gen,has an art name of Ting Lou Hermit and his ancestral home is Shandong Province.Arts AgenciesHe was born in Tianjin in 1962.Influenced by the family since childhood,he was taught calligraphy by his mother.Later,benefited from various famous teachers in Tianjin,he studied ancient prose,poetry,calligraphy,painting,seal carving,music,Peking     

Brief Introduction of Fan Jingma

Fan Jingma came to international attention as a prize winner at the Third Cardiff Singer of the World Competition in 1987,and then a silver medal at the Rosa Ponselle International Vocal Competition in1988 and the first prize at the Opera Index Vocal Competition in 1991 in New York.Win an awardAfter having graduated from the conservatory of music in his native     

Brief Introduction of Xie Yuanxin

正Xie Yuanxin is a professional painter with the pen name of Xie Haoyi.His ancestral home is Jiangxi Province.In 2002,he studied in the advanced study class in China Artists Association.In 2008-2009,he studied in Beijing Fine Art Academy and Cui Xiaodong Studio in Beijing Rongbaozhai Art Academy.     

Brain Circulation: The Educational Profile of Return Migrants

Population Research and Policy Review - Countries increasingly compete to attract and retain human capital. However, empirical studies, particularly those of migrants moving back to developing...     

Brief Introductionof Zhu Baoping

Zhu Baoping, with a pen name of Big Red, was born in Beijing in July 1958.He is currently a landscape painter of the Painting and Calligraphy Institute of The Military Museum of the Chinese People’s Revolution and a specially engaged senior researcher of Zhongyuan Calligraphy and Painting Research Institute.Enlightened by Mr. Gao Hong, a famous oil painter, he began to learn painting in his boyhood. In 1979, he became a student of Mr. Yao Youduo, a     

Profile 6: the Groupe de Demographie Africaine

This report describes the activities of the Groupe, which is primarily made up of French demographers who are concerned with the demography of Africa. Sections are included on past activities, 1964-1978; work in progress, 1978-1980; and future projects. A list of the Groupe's publications is included     

A Profile of the World's Young Developing Country International Migrants

Individual‐level census and household survey data are used to present a rich profile of young developing country international migrants around the world. They are found to comprise a large share of the flow of migrants, particularly among migrants to other developing countries, with the age distribution of migrants peaking in the late teens or early twenties. Detailed data are presented on the age and sex composition of migrants, on whether young migrants move alone or with a parent or spouse, on their participation in schooling and work in the destination country, on the types of jobs they have, and on the incidence and age of return migration. The results suggest a high degree of commonality in the youth immigrant experience across a number of destination countries. Recent developing country young migrants tend to work in similar occupations and are more concentrated in these occupations than recent older migrants or young immigrants who arrived at an earlier age. Nevertheless, there is also considerable heterogeneity among young immigrants with respect to school attendance and work in their destination country. The potential of international migration for building human capital is significant but far from being fully used.     

Profile of the Present Slovak Society and its Regional Differences

The article is the first attempt in assessment of the development and the present situation of social structure and stratification in Slovakia. Its principal aim is to develop the profile of the present society in Slovakia, which reflects the pace and complexity of the transformation process and its impact on society. Processing of Micro census data from 2003 led to creation of the profile of society in Slovakia at the national level based on income distribution but also knowledge on regional societies and differences between them were obtained. It was found out that the present profile of the society in Slovakia is pear-shaped which means strong representation of lower strata and weaker representation of higher middle and high strata. The profile disclosed some specific features and inconsistencies in the present society of Slovakia, which were, and still are determined by many non standard past and present phenomena and processes often disguised by reforms. The information drawn in regions has facilitated identification of the basic nature and structure of regional societies, some of their specific features and negative elements and to demonstrate their highly differentiated character.

Harassment Patterns and Risk Profile in Spanish Trans Persons

This article describes the harassment patterns and the risk profile in trans people living in Spain. A sample of 212 trans persons, aged 10–62, participated in this cross-sectional study. Results showed a high percentage of harassment (59.9%) and frequency of daily harassment (12.6%), especially verbal attacks (59%) that occurred in public spaces (49.1%) and within educational contexts (46.2%). Harassment is more prevalent in trans women than men. Those who disclose their gender identities at a younger age experience higher percentages and frequency of harassment than those who disclose at an older age. They also suffer more harassment of different types. The risk profile of harassment indicates that older trans women are more likely to suffer harassment than younger ones, and the risk decreases each year they delay their gender identity disclosure. The elimination of transphobic attitudes and the promotion of gender justice should be priority strategies in Spain.     

Poverty and Income Replacement Profile Among EPF Retiree in Malaysia

Social security policies often focus on replacement rates, which indicate retirement income or social security benefits in relation to preretirement income. The higher replacement rate among the pensioners would ensure that the ageing society would have sufficient income to lead a normal life after retirement. This study examined factors that influencing the income replacement rate of Malaysian Employee Provident Fund (EPF) retirees. The analysis was based on a nationwide survey conducted in 2013–2014 among EPF retiree. A logit model was used to evaluate the likelihood of selected socio-demographic and economic factors contributing to income of the retirees. The results indicated that around 62 % of elderly has lower retirement income compared to their preretirement income and it makes them more vulnerable to unpredictable events and financial conditions. The study suggested that the income replacement rate of elderly could be strengthened by investing in ageing workforce, raising retirement age, enhancing educational achievements of low income groups and restructuring employment. These may in turn increase the availability of skilled workers, enhancing the national productivity, increase the income security of retirees, reduce poverty, and develop economic growth of the country.     

Life‐Course Transitions and the Age Profile of Internal Migration

Despite underlying regularities in the age profile of migration, there is mounting evidence of cross‐national variations in the ages at which migration occurs. Explanations for these differences have variously been sought by reference to cultural, social, and economic factors, and through analysis of reasons for moving. There is also a growing body of work linking migration events to particular transitions in the life course. We set out a conceptual framework that links contextual factors to the age structure of migration through life‐course transitions that act as proximate determinants of the age at migration. We propose metrics to capture the prevalence, timing, and spread of four key life‐course transitions: education completion, labor force entry, union formation, and first childbearing. We then seek to quantitatively establish the link between these indicators and the age and intensity of internal migration at its peak for a global sample of 27 countries. Correlation and factor analysis reveal substantial diversity in the timing and spread of transitions to adult roles, and show that cross‐national differences in the age profile of migration closely parallel variations in the age structure of the life course for over two‐thirds of countries. Migration age profiles are aligned with transitions to adulthood for both sexes but most strongly among women.     

浅析孙中山的人口思想

伟大的民主革命先驱孙中山, 在领导中国资产阶级民主革命和建设时,关心重视中国人口问题, 他忧虑中国“人满为患”,形成了丰富而独特的人口思想。     

Trajectories of Fertility and Household Composition in the Demographic Profile of the Czech Republic

The household composition matrix is a representation of the demographic structure of households, specific to age groups of household members and household heads. As such, the matrix reflects also the environmental conditions, housing in particular, that mould households' demographic structure. By specifically depicting the presence of children in households, household composition could be viewed as gauging fertility within the context of housing conditions. This stance is examined in an application to Czech census data for the year 1991, at the commencement of an intense process of socio-economic transformation that accompanied the collapse of communism across Eastern Europe. Within this process, housing had an inadvertent impact upon the structure of households in general, and upon fertility decline in particular. By using the standard matrix representation of household composition, correspondence between trajectories of age-specific fertility and household composition emerge throughout the Czech Republic. This correspondence illustrates the potential household composition analysis carries for fertility measurement and estimation in rapidly changing economic environments.