Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Privatization of Information and Agricultural Industrialization, edited by Steven A. Wolf. Peasant Maids, City Women: From the European Countryside to Urban America, edited by Christiane Harzig. Land and Labour Relations in South‐West Bangladesh: Resources, Power and Conflict, by Anjan Kumar Datta. Debt and Dispossession: Farm Loss in America's Heartland, by Kathryn Marie Dudley. Disappearing Peasantries? Rural Labour in Africa, Asia and Latin America, edited by Deborah Bryceson, Cristóbal Kay, and Jos Mooij. A Nation Divided: Diversity, Inequality and Community in American Society, edited by Phyllis Moen, Donna Dempster‐McClain, and Henry A. Walker. Property and Value: Alternatives to Public and Private Ownership, edited by Charles Geisler and Gail Daneker. New Frontiers in Agricultural History, Vol. 1, edited by Kyle D. Kauffman.     

Review Essay: Whither Rural Community Development?

Partnerships in Communities: Reweaving the Fabric of Rural America, by Jean Richardson. Small Town and Rural Economic Development: A Case Studies Approach, edited by Peter V. Schaeffer and Scott Loveridge.     

Review Essay:Analyzing Slavery and the Slave Narrative

Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America, by Ira Berlin. Remembering Slavery: African Americans Talk About Their Personal Experiences of Slavery and Emancipation, edited by Ira Berlin, Marc Favreau, and Steven F. Miller.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Biological Diversity: Balancing Interests through Adaptive Collaborative Management, edited by Louise E. Buck, Charles C. Geisler, John Schelhas, and Eva Wollenberg. NGOs in India: A Cross‐Sectional Study, by R. Sooryamoorthy and K.D. Gangarde Working Through Environmental Conflict: The Collaborative Learning Approach, Steven E. Daniels and Gregg B. Walker The Legacies of Liberalism: Path Dependence and Political Regimes in Central America, by James Mahoney Dairy Industry Restructuring: Research in Rural Sociology and Development, Vo lume 8, edited by Harry K. Schwarzweller and Andrew P. Davidson Environmentalism Unbound: Exploring New Pathways for Change, by Robert Gottlieb Bridging Human and Ecological Landscapes: Participatory Research and Sustainable Development in an Andean Agricultural Frontier, edited by Robert E. Rhoades     

Femininity and family planning

Kosnik, Anthony, William Carroll, Agnes Cunningham, Ronald Modras and James Schulte. Human Sexuality: New Directions in American Catholic Thought. New York, N. Y.: Paulist Press, 1977. 320 pages. $8.50.

Lloyd, Robin. For Money or Love: Boy Prostitution in America. Introduction by Birch Bayh. New York: Vanguard Press, 1976. 236 pages. $8.95.

Sagarin, Edward. “Prison Homosexuality and Its Effect on Post‐Prison Sexual Behavior.” Psychiatry, August 1976, 39 (3), 245–257.     

New Books

How to Succeed in High School, by George Weigand. Woodbury Executives Under Fire by Chester Burger. The Employed Mother in America edited by F. Svan Nye and Lois W. Caesar's Forms & Syntax by Thornton A. McGill Jr. Woodbury, New York Careers in Natural Resource Conservation by Fred W. Herbert. New York: Henry Z. Walck, Inc., 1965. Learning and the Educational Process edited by John D. Krumboltz. Know Yourself, by Arnold L. Ganley and George S. Elias. Vocational Guidance and Career Development edited by Herman J. Peters and James C. Hansen. Guidance in Agricultural Education (Second Edition) by Harold M. Byram. Danville Classrooms on Main Street by Harold F. Clark and Harold S. Sloan. Introduction to College Life (Second Edition) by Norman T. Bell, Richard W. Burkhardt, and Victor B. Lawhead.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: American Arrivals: Anthropology Engages the New Immigration. Edited by Nancy Foner. Migration: The Boundaries of Equality and Justice. By Bill Jordan and Franck Diivell. Worker Dirplacement in the U.S./ Mexico Border Region: Issues and Challenges. Edited by José A. Pagán. Civility in the City: Blacks, Jews, and Koreans in Urban America. By Jennifer Lee. Migration and Immigration: A Global View. Edited by Maura I. Toto‐Morn and Marixsa Alicea. U.S. Immigration: A Global View. By Michael C. LeMay. Gender in Transnationalism: Home, Longing and Belonging among Moroccan Migrant Women. By Ruba Salih. A Framework for Immigrarion: Asians in the United States. By Uma A. Segal. Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration. By Richard Alba and Victor Nee. America's Newcomers and the Dynamics of Diversity. By Frank D. Bean and Gillian Stevens. Immigrants and the American Dream: Remaking the Middle Class. By William A. V. Clark. Missionaries on the Move: A Pastoral History of the Scalabrinians in Australia and Asia 1952–2002. By Desmond Cahill. Latinos: Remaking America. By M. M. Suárez‐Orozco and M. M. Páez.     

American unemployment in historical perspective

During the twentieth century, the annual average unemployment rate reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics data has varied between 1.2 and 24.9 percent. This article, derived from our recent book,Out of Work: Unemployment and Government in 20th Century America, examines and explains variations in unemployment over time. These large fluctuations in unemployment probably account for this century’s obsession with joblessness. Alfred Marshall’sPrinciples of Economics, published in 1890, barely mentions unemployment. Only two short generations later, unemployment was the dominant topic of interest among economists, and the most influential economics book of this century, Keynes’sGeneral Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, was concerned largely with explaining its existence.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Social Psychology, Past and Present: An Integrative Orientation, by Jay M. Jackson. Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1988, 173 pages, $24.95, cloth. Networks of Power: Organizational Actors at the National, Corporate, and Community Levels, edited by Robert Perrucci and Harry R. Potter. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1989, 136 pages. Charismatic Capitalism: Direct Selling Organizations in America, by Nicole Woolsey Biggart. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1989, 223 pages, $24.95, hardback. Liberal Education and the Corporation: The Hiring and Advancement of College Graduates, by Michael Useem. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1989, xxvii + 216 pages, $39.95, hardback, $16.95, paper. Symbolic Communication: Signifying Calls and the Police Response, by Peter K. Manning. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988, 309 pages, hardback. Assimilation, Colonialism and the Mexican American People, by Edward Murguia. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1989, 124 pages, $9.75, paperback. Jewish Settler Violence: Deviance as Social Reaction, by David Weisburd. University Park and London: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1989, 164 pages, $22.50, hardback. Differentiation Theory and Social Change: Comparative and Historical Perspectives, edited by Jeffrey C. Alexander and Paul Colomy. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990, 496 pages, $40.00, hardback. Jean Baudrillard: From Marxism to Postmodernism and Beyond, by Douglas Kellner. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1989, 246 pages, $35.00, cloth, $11.95, paper. Postindustrial Possibilities: A Critique of Economic Discourse, by Fred Block. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1990, 227 pages, $35.00, hardback, $12.95, paper. To The Right: The Transformation of American Conservatism, by Jerome L. Himmelstein. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1990, 301 pages, $25.00, hardback. Continental Divide: The Values and Institutions of the United States and Canada, by Seymour Martin Lipset. New York: Routledge, 1990, 337 pages, $29.95/US; $35.00/Canada, hardback. Structure and Meaning: Relinking Classical Sociology, by Jeffrey C. Alexander. New York: Columbia University Press, 1989, 258 pages, $35.00, hardback. Emile Durkheim and the Reformation of Sociology, by Stjepan G. Mestrovic. Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1988, 156 pages, $28.50, cloth.     

Book Reviews

Family and Society in American History. Getting Out: Life Stories of Women Who Left Abusive Men. Walking a Tightrope: Meeting the Challenges of Work and Family. Ethnicities: Children of Immigrants in America. Medicalized Motherhood: Perspectives From the Lives of African‐American and Jewish Women. Talk of Love: How Culture Matters.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Indians ‘R’ Us? Culture and Genocide in Native North America, by Ward Churchill. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press, 1994, 382 pages. Cloth, $39.95; paper, $14.95. Ending the Cold War at Home: From Militarism to a More Peaceful World Order, by Sam Marullo. New York: Lexington Books, 1993, 275 pages. Cloth, $29.95. The Homeless, by Christopher Jencks. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994, 161 pages. Cloth, $17.95. Careers and Creativity: Social Forces in the Arts, by Harrison C. White. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1993, 256 pages. Cloth, $55.00; paper, $16.95. Race and the City: Work, Community, and Protest in Cincinnati, 1820–1970, edited by Henry Louis Taylor Jr. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993, 308 pages. Cloth, $44.95. The Rope, the Chair, and the Needle: Capital Punishment in Texas, 1923–1990, by James W. Marquart, Sheldon Ekland-Olson, and Jonathan R. Sorensen. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994, 275 pages. Cloth, $24.95. Gangbangs and Drive-bys: Grounded Culture and Juvenile Gang Violence, by William B. Sanders. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1994, 195 pages. Cloth, $35.95; paper $17.95. Goodness Personified: The Emergence of Gifted Children, by Leslie Margolin. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1994, 156 pages. Cloth, $55.00. Public Reactions to Nuclear Waste: Citizens’Views of Repository Siting, edited by Riley E. Dunlap, Michael E. Kraft, and Eugene A. Rosa. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1993, 332 pages. Cloth, $49.95; paper, $24.95. Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism, edited by Gary Gereffi and Miguel Korzeniewicz. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994, 334 pages. Cloth, $56.00; paper, $22.95. The Farm Labor Movement in the Midwest: Social Change and Adaptation among Migrant Farmworkers, by W. K. Barger and Ernesto M. Reza. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994, 235 pages. Cloth, $35.00; paper, $15.95.     

From race to ethnic identity: South central Africa,social anthropology and the shadow of the holocaust 1

The Political Economy of Pondoland 1860–1930 by William Beinart, Johannesburg. Ravan: New History of Southern Africa Series, No. 3, 1983, pp. xi + 220. R11.50

The Land Belongs To Us: The Pedi Polity, the Boers and the British in theNineteenth Century Transvaal, by Peter Delius. Johannesburg, Ravan: New History of Southern Africa Series, 1983, pp. xii + 278. R11.50

The Agrarian Question and Reformism in Latin America by Alain de Janvry. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1981.306 pp.

The Crisis in South Africa: Class Defence. Class Revolution by John S Saul and Stephen Gelb, New York: Monthly review Press, 1981.156 pp.     

Book Reviews/Comptes Rendus

Book reviewed in this article: SARAH M. CORSE, Nationalism and Literature: The Politics of Culture in Canada and the United States. LELAND DONALD, Aboriginal Slavery on the Northwest Coast of North America. PAUL DU GAY, Consumption and Identity at Work. MICHAELE. HARKIN, The Heiltsuks: Dialogues of Culture and History on the Northwest Coast. DAVID HOWES, Cross-cultural Consumption: Global Markets, Local Realities. ALLAN G. JOHNSON, The Forest and the Trees: Sociology as Life, Practice and Promise. BARBARA LAWSON, Collected Curios: Missionary Tales from the South Seas. MARYANN NEELY AYIM, The Moral Parameters of Good Talk: A Feminist Analysis. DOUG OWRAM. Born at the Right Time: A History of the Baby Boom Generation. SUSAN PALMER, AIDS as an Apocalyptic Metaphor in North America. JAMES RINEHART, CHRISTOPHER HUXLEY and DAVID ROBERSTON, Just Another Car Factory? Lean Production and Its Discontents. ERIC SHRAGGE(ed.), Workfare: Ideology for a New Under-Class. LAURIER TURGEON, DENYS DELAGE and RÉAL OUELLET (eds.), Transferts culturels et métissages Amérique / Europe, XVI^c-XX^e siècle /Cultural Transfer, America and Europe: 500 Years of Interculturation. WILL C. VAN DEN HOONAARD, The Origins of the Bahá'í Community of Canada, 1898–1948.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Rationality and Nature: A Sociological Inquiry into a Changing Relationship, by Raymond Murphy. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1994, 295 pages. Cloth, $55.00; paper, $21.95. Is Capitalism Sustainable? Political Economy and the Politics of Ecology, edited by Martin O'Connor. New York: Guilford, 1994,283 pages. Cloth, $40.00; paper, $17.95. Cultivating Crisis: The Human Cost of Pesticides in Latin America, by Douglas L. Murray. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994, 208 pages. Cloth, $35.00; paper, $17.95. The Color of Welfare: How Racism Undermined the War on Poverty, by Jill Quadagno. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994, 254 pages. Cloth, $24.00. Editors as Gatekeepers: Getting Published in the Social Sciences, edited by Rita J. Simon and James J. Fyfe. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1994, 275 pages. Cloth, $53.50; paper $22.95. Sexual Salvation: Affirming Women's Sexual Rights and Pleasures, by Naomi B. McCormick. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1994, 284 pages, $16.95. Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggles over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946–1973, by James R. Zetka Jr. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994, 292 pages. Cloth, $18.95. Sociology and Visual Representation, by Elizabeth Chaplin. London and New York: Routledge, 1994, 304 pages. Paper, $19.95. Urban Leviathan: Mexico City in the Twentieth Century, by Diane E. Davis. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994, 391 pages. Cloth, $49.95; paper, $24.95. Appalachia in an International Context: Cross-National Comparisons of Developing Regions, edited by Phillip J. Obermiller and William W. Philliber. Westport, CT, and London: Praeger, 1994, 256 pages. Cloth, $55.00. Law in the Sociological Enterprise: A Reconstruction, by Lisa J. McIntyre. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1994, 240 pages. Cloth, $52.50; paper, $16.95. Against All Odds: Rural Community in the Information Age, by John C. Allen and Don A. Dillman. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1994, 238 pages. Cloth, $55.00; paper, $19.95. Fundamental Feminism: Contesting the Core Concepts of Feminist Theory, by Judith Grant. New York: Routledge, 1993, 226 pages. Cloth $52.50; paper, $16.95. The Rise and Fall of Catholic Religious Orders: A Social Movement Perspective, by Patricia Wittberg, Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994, 423 pages. Cloth, $74.50; paper, $24.95. White Racism: The Basics, by Joe R. Feagin and Hernan Vera. New York: Routledge, 1995, 230 pages. Cloth, $55.00; paper, $16.95.     

Trends in the Race and Ethnicity of Eminent Americans

During the last several decades, the ethnic and racial composition of the American elite has changed to include some ethnic minorities and women. This study examines changes in the composition of one segment of the American elite: those who have obtained eminence in their occupations. Lieberson and Carter's study of the ethnic composition of eminent Americans, using Who's Who in America, is replicated with data from the 1990s (Lieberson and Carter, 1979, American Sociological Review 44:347–366). In addition, comparisons between blacks listed in Who's Who in America and blacks listed only in Who's Who among Black Americans are made. During the 20 years since Lieberson and Carter's study, Jews have made remarkable gains in eminent membership, while the rate of black representation has increased only moderately. Women are a small percentage of the eminent regardless of ethnicity, although black women are better represented than their counterparts in white ethnic groups.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Managing Migration: Civic Stratification and Migrants' Rights. By Lydia Morris. Migration, Transnationalization, and Race in a Changing New York. By Hector Cordero‐Guzman, Robert Smith and Ramon Gros‐foguel. “Mi Raza Primero!”: Nationalism, Identity, and Insurgency in the Chicano Movement in Los Angeles, 1966–1378. By Ernesto Chávez. Tortillas and Tomatoes: Transmigrant Mexican Harvesters. By Tanya Basok. Race and Ethnic Relations in Today America. By Greg Oswald. Dutch Immigrant Women in the United States 1880–1920. By Suzanne M. Sinke. Beyond the Shadow of Camptown: Korean Military Brides in America. By Ji‐Yeon Yuh. America‐America Letters. A Norwegian‐American Family Correspondence. By Bjørn Gunnar Ostgiird. Slovaks on the Hudson: Most Holy Trinity Church, Yonkers, and The Slovak Catholics of the Archdiocese of New York, 1894–2000. By Thomas Shelley. The Migration and Refugee Settlement in Britain. By Alice Bloch. Age, Narrative and Migration: The Life Course and Life Histories of Bengali Elders in London. By Katy Gardner. Implementation of the Europe Agreements in France, Germany, the Netherlands and the UIC Movement of Persons. By Anita Bocker and Elspeth Guild. Transnational Politics: Turks and Kurds in Germany. By Eva Østergaard‐Nielsen. The Israeli Diaspora. By Steven J. Gold. Inventing Home: Emigration, Gender, and the Middle Class in Lebanon, 1870–1920. By Akram Fouad Khater.     

Invitation to the Barbecue: Political Correctness,Social Criticism and Family Therapy

Marta Lohyn and Andrew Relph were asked to read and comment on two recent works by Australian‐born social commentators: Germaine Greer's The Whole Woman and Robert Hughes Culture of Complaint: The Fraying of America. As they searched for what relevance these two books could have to family therapy practice, Andrew and Marta found themselves discussing political correctness, the fear of voicing an opinion that differs from the dominant one, attitudes to the personal and the political, and the state of male‐female relationships in 2000.     

Button‐pressers versus picture‐makers: The social reconstruction of amateur photography in the late 19th century U.S.

Visual Anthropology: Photography as a Research Method, New Mexico University Press, 1986, By John, Collier, Jr. and Malcom Collier

Snapshot Versions of Life, Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1987, By Richard Chalfen

Six‐Guns and Society: A Structural Study of the Western, University of California Press, 1975, By Will Wright, St. Lawrence University

Bitter Melon: Stories from the Last Rural Chinese Town in America, University of Washington Press, 1987, By Jeff Gillenkirk and James Motlow

Committing Photography ‐ Yes and No, But Mostly Yes. A Review Essay of Committing Photography, by Su Braden, Pluto Press, 1983

Sociology in a Changing World, by William Kornblum, Holt, Reinehart, and Winston, 1987     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Prospects for the National Health by Paul Atkinson et al. (eds.) Beyond the Sociology of Conflict by David Binns The Working Class in the Labour Market by R. M. Blackburn & Michael Mann Liberalism and Sociology: L. T. Hobhouse and Political Argument in England Class and Hierarchy: The Social Meaning of Occupations by Anthony P. M. Coxon & Charles L. Jones Jamaica Farewell: Jamaican Migrants in London by Nancy Foner Language and control by Roger Fowler et al Language as ideology by Gunther Kress and Robert Hodge Gender Advertisements by Erving Goffman The Political Economy of the Welfare State by Ian Gough Beyond Separation: Further Studies of Children in Hospital by David Hall and Margaret Stacey (eds.) The Sociological Movement in Law by Alan Hunt White-Collar Unionism: The Rebellious Salariat by Clive Jenkins and Barrie Sherman Bureaucracy: The Career of a Concept, by E. Kamenka and M. Krygier (eds.) Western Sociologists on Indian Society by G. R. Madan Science and the Sociology of Knowledge by Michael Mulkay The Idea of Welfare by Robert Pinker The Development of the Modern State: A Sociological Introduction by Gianfranco Poggi Education in Rural America: A Reassesment of Conventional Wisdom by J. P. Sher, (ed.) G. D. H. Cole and Socialist Democracy, by A. W. Wright     

Reviews

Visual Anthropology: Photography as a Research Method, New Mexico University Press, 1986, By John, Collier, Jr. and Malcom Collier

Snapshot Versions of Life, Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1987, By Richard Chalfen

Six‐Guns and Society: A Structural Study of the Western, University of California Press, 1975, By Will Wright, St. Lawrence University

Bitter Melon: Stories from the Last Rural Chinese Town in America, University of Washington Press, 1987, By Jeff Gillenkirk and James Motlow

Committing Photography ‐ Yes and No, But Mostly Yes. A Review Essay of Committing Photography, by Su Braden, Pluto Press, 1983

Sociology in a Changing World, by William Kornblum, Holt, Reinehart, and Winston, 1987