城市住房价值结构化:人口迁移的一种筛选机制

文章以城市住房作为主要关注点,研究发现,非个人性的结构因素越来越成为中国城市居民差距拉大和社会排斥的主要原因.随着住房改革制度的完成,各城市不同水平的房价及差异巨大的增长速度导致城市住房价值结构性地被多次重新认定.顶端城市和居住区的住房加速升值,而末端城市和居住区的住房的价值上升速度则相对缓慢.北京、上海、天津等大城市的住房甚至还是实现了所谓的自我增长方式.城市住房价值差异的拉大促使住房成为城市排斥外来者和扩大差距的一种有力工具,流动者的迁移成本因此而迅速增加.     

关中-天水经济区人口空间分异研究

人口空间分异可充分反映区域资源禀赋差异和市场自由竞争结果.采用Moran's Ⅰ指数、空间分异指数、空间插值等方法,研究了关中城市群人口空间分异格局.研究发现关天经济区的中心城市及次核心城市劳动人口聚集,文化程度高且劳动报酬高,但少子化问题非常突出;农村等较不发达地区仍具有温和的子女数量和性别偏好,且农村地区的贫困老龄化特征非常明显.家庭成员在收入和公共服务差异等推拉力作用下,基于迁移成本和预期收益作出迁移决策,最终导致了经济区内能力依存的迁移行为和人口空间分异的加剧.研究认为应密切关注大城市超少子化现象和农村贫困老龄化现象,大城市政府应研究和预案人口快速集聚可能带来的潜在经济风险,向被动承担人口负外部性的农村和中小城镇以合理的转移支付.     

旧城改造对城市社会空间分异的影响——以武汉市为例

旧城改造对于塑造我国城市社会空间结构有着重要的影响,这种影响主要通过政府、企业和市民这三个主体的相互作用来体现。不同主体对不同社会群体的影响不同,使得不同社会群体在城市不同空间范围内聚集,从而导致城市社会空间分异。在运用因子生态分析法界定2000年武汉市社会空间的基础上,通过建立多元线性回归模型,研究不同主体对城市社会空间分异的影响。研究发现政府对办事人员聚集区、外来人口聚集区、离退休人员聚集区、人口快速增长区的形成产生显著影响;企业对离退休人员聚集区、人口快速增长区和农业人口聚集区的形成具有一定的影响;而市民则对办事人员聚集区、离退休人员聚集区、人口快速增长区的形成具有一定的影响。这反映了旧城改造过程中政府为主导、企业和市民有限参与的现实状况。     

住房公积金能留住进城流动人口吗?——基于户籍差异视角的比较分析

"新型城镇化,其核心是人的城镇化",在区域经济发展与城镇化建设中何以留住人?本文利用logit回归分析模型,基于全国七城市调查数据,实证检验了住房公积金制度在流动人口城市定居过程中的政策效应.研究结果表明,住房公积金制度对流动人口的城市定居意愿与城市购房都有显著的促进作用,且能够强化定居意愿对城市购房的正向影响,但其作用效果存在人群差异和地区差异.对农民工而言,在东、 中、 西部三类城市中,住房公积金制度均提高了其城市定居意愿,但对其城市购房无促进作用,参与公积金制度提高了农民工在城市定居的心理预期,但无助于其定居能力.对城镇户籍流动人口而言,住房公积金制度对定居意愿的促进作用只存在于东部城市,而在东、 中部城市中,住房公积金能够提高其购房打算.一个理想化的政策效果是,住房公积金制度既能直接促进流动人口的城市定居行为,又能通过提高其定居意愿进而间接作用于定居行为,文章结果显示,这种理想化的政策效果只在东部城市对城镇户籍流动人口有效.     

城乡二元结构与农村劳动力转移

<正> 一我国城乡之间存在着明显的二元结构:城市搞工业,农村搞农业,通过一系列的管理体制人为地把整个社会划分为城市与农村、市民与农民两大块。强调农村服务城市,要求农村为城市工业发展提供积累资金,却严控农村人口和劳动力向城市转移,农村中新增加的劳动力只能在农     

社会排斥视角下移民问题研究：理论发展与欧洲实践

20世纪80年代以来无论是走向统一的欧盟还是正在加速进入城市化和工业化轨道的中国,都经历着大规模的人口迁移,并引起广泛的学术界讨论。已有的研究对人口迁移的动因、方向、迁移的人口学特征、劳动力市场重组等问题进行了详尽的阐述;然而关于迁移人口的社会排斥问题分析还较少。本文系统地回顾了关于人口迁移与社会排斥的研究,以期对我国内部迁移的研究提供新的研究视野。本文主要分为四个部分。第一部分回顾欧盟人口迁移的历史背景以及移民危机的产生;第二部分提出迁移背景下的社会排斥问题;第三部分从劳动力市场和福利国家两个角度分析了迁移人口社会排斥的机制与特点;最后一部分是结论和启示。     

中国老年人口迁移的选择性

本文利用2005年全国1％人口抽样调查数据,描述老年人口跨地市级迁移的结构特征。研究发现,我国老年人口依旧把经济发达地带、大城市作为主要迁入地,与青壮年人口迁移方向产生同构。城乡老年迁移人口在迁移动机上存在很大的差别,城市户籍老年迁移人口受家庭因素驱动更大,农村户籍老年人的迁移原因更多元。从对迁入地的影响来看,国内老年迁移人口的迁入地过于集中,将对迁入地的社会医疗服务设施等构成巨大的压力。     

农村已婚女性的流动与留守

通过关注农村已婚女性是否存在"转移滞后"现象和流动与留守的已婚女性就业状况,发现在有成员流动的农村家庭中,总体上并不存在已婚女性流动滞后现象;从就业状况来看,绝大部分留守女性从事农业,而流动女性约2/3参与城市的劳动力市场,且收入可观;当地的非正式制度和支持外出的社会网络起着重要作用。     

托达罗人口迁移模型与中国城乡综合就业发展战略

美国经济学家托达罗认为,农村劳动力向城市流动的结果不仅使城市失业人口大量增加,而且导致农村劳动力严重不足,因此应控制农村劳动力向城市迁移。我国当前存在着大量的农村剩余劳动力,城市就业形势又相当严峻,要全面解决中国的就业问题,应借鉴托达罗人口迁移理论,实现城乡综合就业。     

中国人口迁移与生育率关系研究

本文利用2000年人口普查数据,考察了中国人口迁移与生育率的关系。通过比较农村本地人口、城市本地人口和流动迁移人口三个人口群体在生育率上的差异,并进行多元统计分析,结果表明,流动迁移对生育率有着非常显著影响,城市外来人口的生育率不仅显著低于农村本地人口,而且也低于城市本地人口;远期流迁人口的生育率要低于近期流迁人口的生育率。中国人口迁移与生育率的关系出现了与已有的迁移生育率理论的不一致。1990年代中国的迁移生育率发生了转变。     

View Grandeur by Details and Fill Feelings in Scenery

正Chen Chenyi is one of my very valued painters.For many years,he has been assiduous in painting.Influenced by his family since childhood,he possesses profound artistic cultivation and solid basic painting skills.His pursuit in Chinese painting is refl ected in his constant exploration in the artistic conception of the painting’s general     

Statistical Communiqué on Human Resources and Social Security Development in 2013

正In 2013,under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Party and the State Council and with the focus on major objectives of the Party and the state,China adhered to the main work line of orienting by people’s livelihood and giving priority to talents;laid equal emphasis on both normal operation and internal construction;comprehensively promoted scientific development,reform and innovation of human resources and social security undertakings and     

Health and Happiness for All ——2014 International Day of Families China Commemoration Meeting was Held in Beijing

正May 15th is the International Day of Families.The United Nations has set the theme of this year for the Day as Families Matter for the Achievement of Development Goals.The theme for China is Health for Everyone and Happiness for Each Family.In order to do well in publicizing     

Arrests of Fugitive Economic Crime Suspects Abroad： Fox Hunt 2014 in Action

正In 2014,China launched a massive global Fox Hunt operation to arrest fugitives and recover the embezzled money and intensifi ed the pace to captur e corrupt officials overseas.Some media analysts believe the government tries to deter"those corrupt offi cials who decide to run away for good after being fully fed by embezzled money":foreign countries are not their boltholes any more."The movements of quite a large number     

Green Pu’er City and the Cloud Tea

正If being asked which is the largest city of Yunnan,nine out of ten people would give the wrong answer-just as some people would reply that Toronto is the capital of Canada,Sydney is the capital of Australia and Guilin is the capital of Gaungxi.In fact,the largest city of Yunnan is Pu’er,not Kunming.Many people are familiar with Pu’er because of Pu’er Tea.They believe the place"Pu’er"is named after the tea.But the     

National Health and Family Planning Commission Issued Action Plan for National Health Literacy Promotion 2014-2020

正Health literacy is the ability of a person to obtain and understand basic healthcare information and service and make appropriate decisions to maintain and improve one’s own health by applying that information and service.It is not only an important indicator to evaluate health and family planning work and people’s health status,but also a     

China will Promote Establish ment of Classified Diagnosis and Treatment System and Reform Medical Insurance Payment System

正According to Xinhuanet,during the Forum on Pilots of Urban Public Hospital Comprehensive Reform held in Sanming City of Fujian Province,Dr.Li Bin,Minister of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC)indicated that the pilots of public hospital reform would promote the establishment of classifi ed diagnosis and treatment system.Li said the medical consortium connected grassroots medical institutions to major hospitals on both ends.It had     

Statistical Communique on Development of Disabled Persons Undertaking in China in 2013

正In 2013,the sixth national congress of China Disabled Persons'Federation(CDPF)was convened successfully,which had provided important idealogical and organizational guarantees for promoting innovation and development at a new starting point.Under the effective leadership and guidance of the Party Central Committee and the State Council,Party and government departments had attached great importance,CDPF worked hard,all     

“Poststroke Rescue”Public Welfare Project Plans to Provide Services to 100 000 Shanghai Rural Elderly

正According to Chinanews.com,"Pinetree Poststroke Rescue"public welfare project,which aims at providing social assistance for stroke patients,has established the first rural rehabilitation nursing station in Minhang district of Shanghai on April 3,2014.The public projects has planned to fully cover nine districts in Shanghai suburbs and expect to deliver services to more than 100 000 rural elderly.The organization founder Wang Yanni introduced the"beautiful rural trilogy"strategy.First,by working with     

Low Fertility Trap:Theories,Facts and Implications

The low Fertility Trap Hypothesis proposes that there are three self-reinforcing mechanism--demographic,sociological and economic,working towards a downward spiral in future fertility.Once TFR drops below 1.5,it will be difficult to recover.The fertility recovery emerging in many countries across the world has changed the lowfertility trap theory and also the justification of the theory itself.So low-fertility trap is more likely a pattern summarized from a short-time phenomenon than a generalized social law.As with China,the current fertility level is above 1.5 births per woman,and China is not in the "Low-fertility trap".Moreover,most recent surveys suggests that current fertility intention in China is above 1.8 births per woman and more than60 percent of people would have a second child if there is an adjustment of fertility policy.In addition,birth postponement is still playing an important role in reducing TFR in China.Thus,with the high fertility intention,adjustment of family planning policy and decreasing tempo effect,TFR in China will experience upturn but not further decline in the near future.It is lack of evidence to conclude that China has already been or is going to be trapped in low fertility.