“互联网+”城市社区居家养老服务体系建构研究

大数据理念下的"互联网+"城市社区居家养老服务体系建设将有助于解决传统城市社区居家养老服务由于信息不通畅导致的养老服务供需矛盾、养老服务资源整合程度低的问题。构建"互联网+"社区居家养老服务体系的路径,一是建设社区居家养老服务横向及纵向的基础数据库系统;二是建设社区居家养老服务的服务信息系统;三是建设社区居家养老服务的功能操作系统和软件开发系统。     

烟台市社区居家养老服务发展现状及对策研究

建立符合烟台实际的社区居家养老服务体系,逐步提升社区居家养老服务的质量和水平,是烟台市应对老龄化进程的一项重要任务。近年来,烟台市高度重视社区居家养老服务工作,社区居家养老服务建设取得了一定成效。但同时烟台市社区居家养老服务也存在一些问题,需要从加大宣传力度、制定行业标准、提高服务专业水平等几个方面采取措施,以推动社区居家养老服务的进一步完善。     

辽宁4年内15万人实现居家养老

据悉,辽宁将构建覆盖全省城乡的老年人家庭自我照料、社区居家养老服务与机构养老服务为一体的基本养老服务体系,力争4年内让15万老人实现居家养老。     

信息化平台建设要与服务发展相结合

社区居家养老服务是社会养老服务体系的依托和基础，也是近年来地方党委、政府社会建设的突破点和惠民亮点。为进一步加快全国社区居家养老服务发展，民政部今年开展了多项工作：一是在积极推广农村互助养老服务试点经验，加快了农村社区居家养老服务的探索发展。二是加强了发展评估工作，     

我国社区居家养老模式浅析

伴随人口老龄化所导致的老年人口抚养比例的日益扩大,我国养老保障和照顾需求日益增加.为更好应对人口老龄化带来的挑战,居家养老已成为许多国家养老模式的首选.本文首先引入居家养老概念,然后讨论了家庭养老、机构养老、社区照顾三种模式,为探讨完善和建立具有中国特色的居家养老照顾服务体系提供相应借鉴.     

北京老年人的“券”福利——养老（助残）券：初解居家养老难题

在应对人口老龄化进程中,构建一个以居家养老为基础、以社区服务为依托、以机构养老为补充的新型养老服务体系成为一种共识。北京市也确定了“9064”养老发展模式,即到2020年实现90％的老年人家庭养老,6％的老年人社区养老,4％的老年人机构养老。作为新型养老服务体系的重中之重,居家养老综合性较强,涉及诸多领域,因此,面临不少困难和问题。为求解老年人居家养老中的各项难题,2010年伊始,北京市出台了《北京市市民居家养老（助残）服务（“九养”）办法》,其中每项规定都直指老年人居家养老的软肋。     

构建多元化的居家养老服务供给主体

《社会养老服务体系建设“十二五”规划》（征求意见稿）提出，到2015年，我国将基本形成社会养老服务体系：主要由居家养老、社区养老和机构养老三个部分组成，社会养老服务体系建设应以居家养老为基础、社区养老为依托、机构养老为支撑。     

用信息化完善充实居家养老服务

居家养老服务是指政府和社会力量依托社区,为居家的老人提供生活照料、康复护理和精神慰藉等方面的服务形式。老年人在家中就能享受到便捷、周到的社会化的各种为老服务,这是符合我国现实国情和传统文化的养老方式,也是国家应对人口老龄化的重要举措。我们在建设居家为基础、社区为依托、机构为支撑的新型社会养老服务体系中,居家养老服务蕴含着巨大的发展潜能和商机。苏州市沧浪区虚拟养老院于20007年在全国率先将现代信息技术引入居家养老服务,通过公共呼叫平台加社会化养老服务方式创新了居家养老服务的手段,扩大了居家养老服务的范畴,提升了居家养老服务的水平。     

龙南县“三模式”

近日，江西省龙南县县委、县政府深入到龙南镇金都社区调研社区居家养老服务中心点建设。调研明确，龙南县养老服务体系的建设要分三种模式：一是依托社区居家养老服务点的建设，二是扩展社会福利院的建设，三是发展老年公寓园林式、宾馆式的建设。以全方位、     

大学生参与社区居家养老志愿服务的问题及其对策研究——以长春市某高校为例

随着人口老龄化问题的逐渐加剧,引入社区居家养老服务多元供给主体和完善养老服务体系建设,以期解决当前的养老难题。当前,面对养老服务人才短缺的困境,引导培育大学生参与社区居家养老志愿服务具有重要意义。基于对长春市某高校大学生社区居家养老志愿服务参与现状的分析,提出旨在加强大学生志愿服务宣传力度、创新大学生志愿服务项目建设、完善大学生志愿者培训制度、健全奖惩激励机制和社会保障机制的对策。     

推进养老服务体系建设的思路与对策——以广东为例

发展社会养老服务、完善养老服务体系是我国应对人口老龄化的一项长期战略任务。广东作为我国老年人口最多的省份之一,养老服务体系正面临着养老服务资源短缺失衡、居家养老支持系统缺乏、机构设施与专业人才不足等严峻挑战。为改变广东养老服务建设的滞后局面,必须明确广东养老服务体系的发展目标、理念和原则,大力推广居家养老模式,重力建设社区养老服务设施,调整机构养老服务结构,开放养老服务市场,深化养老服务领域的改革,完善养老服务的配套制度,构建广东新型养老服务的制度体系。     

推行子女照护责任货币化,促进老年照护社会化

随着我国人口老龄化和高龄化速度加快,在完善社会养老保险制度的同时,迫切需要进行制度创新,从我国实际出发着力发展居家养老,开拓居家养老服务所需的资金来源,促进居家养老服务的可持续发展。     

关于上海推进“医养融合”的思考与建议

"医养融合"反映了"持续照料"的养老理念,包括3个相互关联的阶段:一是病前的疾病预防,二是病中的便捷就医,三是病后的康复护理。上海人口老龄化伴随着严重的高龄化趋势,对医疗卫生服务提出了更迫切的要求。国内各省市在加强医疗资源和养老资源融合发展方面,主要有4种模式,分别是合作模式(双向转诊模式)、内设模式、转化模式和输出模式。上海推进"医养融合"应建立健全相关制度、推进养老资源与医疗卫生资源的合作、支持有条件的养老机构设置医疗机构、鼓励相关养老产业发展以及加强老年医护人员队伍建设。     

The association between aging inmate housing management models and non-geriatric health services in state correctional institutions

One of the current debates in the literature on aging inmates asks, what is the most efficient housing/health care model for this "special needs" population? State and federal correctional systems place elderly inmates either in specialized segregated housing units away from the general inmate population, consolidate elderly inmates in housing units within the prison, or provide a combination of both models. In general, proponents of the segregated housing model argue that aging inmates will receive specialized medical services in geriatric units. However, proponents of consolidated housing model argue that aging inmates will have the benefit of both geriatric and non-geriatric health services. This paper examines the association between the type of housing management model for aging inmates and the availability of non-geriatric physical and mental health services. Data for the analysis come from the 2000 Bureau of Justice Statistics Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities. The results suggest that institutions offering consolidated geriatric care provide more mental health services and that these effects are independent of the characteristics of prison facility.     

Elderly Living in the Community:

Helping an older individual remain in the community requires the creation of living environments that maximize the individual's strengths while providing supportive services in the areas of decreasing competency. Historically, the community care system has not been viewed by reimbursers as terribly important. The aging of the population, plus the high cost of institutional care has resulted in renewed interest in services provided in one's own home. However, there are both challenges and opportunities in providing such service. Adapting supportive housing and neighborhood environments which help unstable persons remain in their homes is crucial to this effort.     

我国生育政策城乡一体化方案与配套支持

我国生育政策城乡一体化是人口转变与社会发展之必然。一方面,城乡二元的生育政策很难体现城乡公平,用生育政策的优惠来弥补社会保障功能的匮乏这一做法已越来越不符合社会发展趋势;另一方面,二元生育政策本身的复杂性增加了政策执行过程中的成本与困难。生育政策城乡一体化应以城市与农村均实行一孩半政策作为既简化又稳妥的改革方案。生育政策城乡一体化还应配备配套措施,完善生育政策的评估指标,将少生与不生纳入评估范畴,促进城乡医疗、养老、教育等公共服务机会均等化、户籍管理动态化,还要正确理解人口老龄化,为生育政策城乡一体化提供良好的执行环境。     

“We Have to Create Family”: Aging Support Issues and Needs Among Older Lesbians

Gay and lesbian seniors are more likely to be single, live alone, and be childless. The current evidence base suggests that limited social supports are associated with a variety of health disparities among all older adults. Research regarding the aging issues of lesbian seniors is scarce. This instrumental collective case study of 4 older lesbians (ages 59 and older) illustrates unique aging support concerns, issues, and needs. The purpose of the case study is to increase provider sensitivity and provide supportive evidence of the need for more research. Findings suggest that limited biological family support, childlessness, and “families of choice” may be important factors in support service and health care decisions for older lesbians. Implications for care providers in working with the older lesbian population include exploring existing supports and assisting with the formation of culturally acceptable support systems and services. Given the current evidence base regarding the impact of social support on elder health, it is critical for providers to have a better understanding of elder lesbians’ unique concerns and needs relating to support and health care services in order to prevent health disparities among this vulnerable population.     

Paying for the health and social care of the elderly

The aging population of Japan is causing serious concern among social policymakers. The most urgent issue is to find a way to pay for the health and social care of the frail elderly. After universal coverage of pension and health insurance was achieved, but just before the economic growth rate was considerably slowed, in part, because of the oil crisis, the Japanese government more than doubled pension benefits and made medical care for the elderly free. Since the early 1980s, the government has tried hard to cut and control these benefits, only with moderate success. With a consumption tax rate of only 5%, rather than the proposed 7%, the government is now considering establishing a new health and social care insurance scheme for the elderly to finance the increasing cost of their care.     

A Comparison of Out-of-home Care for Children and Young People in Australia and Sweden: Worlds Apart?

Abstract

In this paper we present a comparative analysis of out-of-home care in Australia and Sweden. We compare the age structure of the out-of-home care population and the types of out-of-home care services provided to children and young people in both countries. Our analysis reveals that in Australia the out-of-home care service system is focused mainly on children who are deemed to be abused or neglected within their families, while in Sweden the majority of the out-of-home care population are teenagers who cannot live with their families for emotional or behavioural reasons. These population differences intersect with variations in the forms of service provision in both countries, with a much greater reliance on home-based care in Australia than in Sweden, while there is more extensive use of residential care in Sweden. We envisage that this paper will demonstrate how the age structure of the out-of-home care population, though rarely considered in international comparative child welfare research, reveals much about the assumptions on which State intervention with children and young people is based. We intend that this analysis will assist social workers to better understand and address the gaps in the quality and comprehensiveness of out-of-home care service provision to children and young people in both countries.