亚洲城市移民:中国、韩国和马来西亚三国的比较

从对人口迁移有影响的都市化和工业化进程、移民政策、国家政策、经济发展水平等不同的层面,比较和分析了中国、韩国以及马来西亚等三个亚洲国家的城市移民之间的差异:韩国的城市化水平最高,其集聚经济效应也最高,人口迁移的驱动力较强.马来西亚的城市化水平中等,其集聚经济效应较高,人口迁移的驱动力中等.中国应该提高城市的集聚经济效应、减少国内移民政策的限制和缩短城市移民的适应过程,由此,加速城市化进程,以便解决城市贫民问题.     

试析民族问题的国际化及其影响

本文所说的民族问题 ,指的是一个国家内部的民族和民族之间的关系问题。它之所以超越一国范围而出现国际化的发展趋势 ,是由于国际力量对比的变化、经济全球化和一体化的发展、国际干预的加强、有关国家民族政策的不当等诸多国际和国内因素所造成的 ;由此带来的负面影响值得重视。     

少数民族人口迁移的几项定量分析

少数民族人口迁移的几项定量分析李红杰随着社会发展节奏的加快，人口迁移无论是在速度上还是在规模上，都有了空前的增长。与此相适应，我国少数民族的迁移也比过去频繁。全面掌握少数民族人口迁移的情况，并对此进行必要的定量分析，对我们更好地了解我国的族情无疑具有...     

全球化影响下的中国族群政策的新定位

本文对全球化影响下中国少数族群政策的定位和走向,阐述了全新的观点和认识,说明我国族群政策的调整将是在经济全球化的影响下,特别是加入世贸组织之后,促进中国各族群发展的重要步骤。     

全球化与中国海外移民

全球化是当今世界发展的客观进程 ,是现代经济和高科技发展国际化的历史新阶段。国际移民是全球化过程的重要因素 ,它改变了世界民族的分布 ,促进了不同民族之间的融合 ,也引发了不同民族之间的冲突。自明中叶以后 ,中国人开始较大规模地移居海外 ,它是国际移民的重要组成部分。中国海外移民的族群关系 ,充分反映了全球化过程中引发的一些民族问题     

中国当代民族主义演化的现实导因

认识和把握民族主义及其趋向 ,对于推进国家发展 ,实现民族复兴具有重大的现实意义。本文着眼于两极后国内外情势 ,从国际格局重组、经济全球化浪潮及社会变迁与政策互动等多维视角 ,探讨了冷战后民族主义再度兴起的主客观根源 ,并通过中外比照 ,剖析了当代中国民族主义演化发展及各形态并存的内外导因 ,尝试着为弘扬积极主流 ,克服消极倾向 ,杜绝极端危害 ,进行必要的理论务虚。     

权益博弈的对话选择——评《全球化背景下当代移民的权益保障研究：理论探索与多维实证》

作为当代国际与国内移民权益保障研究的一部新著,彭谦教授主编的《全球化背景下当代移民的权益保障研究》试图突破以往向强势者"讨权"的移民权益保障理路,而从移民与目的地(国)居民的权益博弈出发,在博弈—结构功能主义理论模型下探析这一对行为体之间发生权益张力的博弈点及其机理,试图寻求两者之间博弈平衡的突破口。论作选取部分典型国家(地区)的移民政策模式进行审视与探析,相对全面地呈现出全球化背景下移民权益博弈的真实状态。     

全国报刊民族学、文化(社会)人类学研究论文索引

一、民族问题与民族关系研究草原文化与农业文化结合亲和力作用论 :中国民族团结原因分析之四 /徐杰舜∥西南民族大学学报 -2 0 0 4,⑷ -2 4　～ 2 9城市民族的多样化 :以少数民族人口迁移对城市的影响为例 /张继焦∥思想战线 -2 0 0 4,⑶ -73～ 78从民族平等、民族发展到全面建设小康社会 :论新中国三代领导核心对民族理论政策的探索与创新 /李金莲∥西藏民族学院学报 -2 0 0 4,⑶ -3 7～ 41 ,1 0 3当代国际政治格局演变中的民族宗教问题与世界和平 /乌小花∥满族研究 -2 0 0 4,⑴ -2 5～ 3 1邓小平民族理论是科学的理论体系 :纪念…     

文化民族主义的理论基础

经济全球化与文化民族主义的并存将是21世纪人类社会的一大特征.在国际政治实践中,发展中国家已经尝试着用民族传统和历史文化去对抗西方的普世主义政策,并取得了初步的成功.这实际上正是文化民族主义理论的威力所在.然而由于各种原因,至今人们对文化民族主义还存有许多误读,必须从理论上加以澄清.本文通过探讨文化民族主义的理论基础,旨在说明,文化民族主义不等同于"非理性主义".     

美国族群结构的变化与美国移民的发展趋势--以20世纪90年代以来美国的亚洲和拉美移民为例

近30年来,国内外学术界从经济学、政治学、历史学、社会学、人类学等多种学科的角度,对近代以来持续不断的大规模国际移民做了深入的探讨,关于国际移民包括美国移民的研究已经取得了许多成果,但是在以下方面仍显不足:第一,用移民理论来分析美国族群结构的变化不够;第二,国内虽然已有学者对美国的亚洲和拉美移民进行了研究,但很少有人对这两个族群进行综合、比较研究,这就很难避免研究的片面性和局限性;第三,国内虽已有为数不多的学者在探讨国际人口迁移的趋势,但对于美国移民发展的趋势尚研究不足。因此,本文试图以2 0世纪90年代以来美国的…     

Speaking with one voice? The European Union's global approach to migration and mobility and the limits of international migration cooperation

ABSTRACT

Migration is comparatively weakly regulated at the international level. States are reluctant to cede sovereignty over international migration and negotiations between rich destination countries in the north and sending countries in the south must overcome asymmetries of interests. For this reason, issue-linkage is typically required to achieve north–south cooperation. This paper examines the European Union's (EU) Global Approach to Migration and Mobility as a framework for international migration cooperation. The paper argues that institutional complexity and political dynamics internal to the EU limit its capacity to reach agreement with third countries. Three internal factors are examined: contrasting approaches of the Commission and Council to the external dimension; diversity of member states’ interests in migration policy; and the different policy agendas of the European agencies. These factors result in an approach to external migration relations that is limited in scope and characterised by variable participation. Despite its apparent potential to leverage agreements from third countries, the EU emerges as an unpromising vehicle for international migration cooperation.     

Geopolitics as a migration governance strategy: European Union bilateral relations with Southern Mediterranean countries

ABSTRACT

The significance of regional consultative processes in the field of migration is well documented. Their popularity for states is typically explained by the opportunity they provide for largely non-binding discussions around sensitive, sovereignty-laden issues such as border control. Since the mid-1990s, a variety of intergovernmental meetings have been sponsored by the EU with the aim of discussing migration with neighbouring countries. European policy frameworks have specifically excluded the countries to the South from the possibility of membership, yet they are now absolutely crucial to the realisation of the EU's migration ambitions. Since the 1999 Tampere European Council relations with these states have been managed through a discourse of ‘partnership’, emphasising the regional ‘Euro-Mediterranean’ character of this relationship. This paper analyses EU relations with Southern Mediterranean states as a specific attempt to construct a geopolitical region—the Euro-Mediterranean area—from and through migration management strategies. It concludes that the development of policy in this area results from a huge number of poorly focused and sometimes contradictory initiatives that collectively make up a far more haphazard approach than the common externalisation critique suggests. This haphazard approach helps to explain the range of unintended consequences of this policy but may also lead to its limited successes.     

少数民族地区水电移民安置的特殊性问题——来自四川少数民族移民的调查

西部水电资源的开发使少数民族移民问题日益突出,政策与实践的不匹配集中体现了现行政策框架未充分考虑少数民族的特殊性。目前水电移民研究多集中于移民安置补偿、扶持政策、利益分配等一般理论与实践层次,尚缺乏针对少数民族地区水电移民特殊性的深入研究。本文欲通过对少数民族地区水电移民安置特殊性问题的分析及探讨,旨在探求适应其发展的相应政策和途径,真正实现少数民族地区资源、人和社会的和谐发展,从而促进我国西部水电资源的可持续开发。     

The politics of evidence-based policy in Europe’s ‘migration crisis’

ABSTRACT

Increased migration across the Mediterranean to Europe during 2015 was associated with growing interest in generating new research evidence to assist policymakers in understanding the complexities of migration and improve policy responses. In the UK, this was reflected in funding by the Economic and Social Research Council for a Mediterranean Migration Research Programme. Drawing on evidence from the programme, this volume explores the nature of Europe’s ‘migration crisis’ and the extent to which the development of new migration management policies was grounded in evidence about the causes, drivers and consequences of migration to Europe. The authors conclude that there is a substantial ‘gap’ between the now significant body of evidence examining migration processes and European Union policy responses. This gap is attributed to three main factors: the long-standing ‘paradigm war’ in social research between positivist, interpretivist and critical approaches which means that what counts as ‘evidence’ is contested; competing knowledge claims associated with research and other forms of evidence used to construct and/or support policy narratives; and, perhaps most importantly, the politics of policymaking, which has resulted in policies based on underlying assumptions and vested interests rather than research evidence, even where this evidence is funded directly by European governments.     

In the shadow of fortress Europe? Impacts of European migration governance on Slovenia,Croatia and Macedonia

ABSTRACT

This article analyses European integration's effects on migration and border security governance in Slovenia, Croatia and Macedonia in the context of ‘governed interdependence’. We show how transgovernmental networks comprising national and EU actors, plus a range of other participants, blur the distinction between the domestic and international to enable interactions between domestic and international policy elites that transmit EU priorities into national policy. Governments are shown to be ‘willing pupils’ and ‘policy takers’, adapting to EU policy as a pre-condition for membership. This strengthened rather than weakened central state actors, particularly interior ministries. Thus, in a quintessentially ‘national’ policy area, there has been a re-scaling and re-constitution of migration and border security policy. To support this analysis, social network analysis is used to outline the composition of governance networks and analyse interactions and power relations therein.     

Historicity and citizenship as conditions for national minority rights in Central Europe: old principles in a new migration context

Having a historical presence in a country and citizenship of that country are two basic conditions under which national minority rights are granted in many countries, but increasing international migration has started to pose a challenge to this conception. Like other countries of Central Europe, the Czech Republic has adopted the two conditions for granting rights to traditional ‘national minorities’ and has developed a separate policy for the ‘integration of foreigners’; however, the emergence of the second generation of Vietnamese has presented a special challenge to this two-tier policy system. Recent renegotiation of the historicity of this immigrant group has resulted in its ‘official recognition’ as a national minority. This paper discusses this case in its wider Central European context, and addresses the question of whether we are observing an erosion of the two-tier policy system or a reconsideration of the distinction between ‘old’ and ‘new’ minorities. Finally, the paper touches upon the question of the role and usability of ‘old’ minority language rights, considering the lack of interest among the traditional minorities vs. the linguistic situation of the migrants’ second generation.     

泰国来自邻国的劳工移民问题

20世纪90年代以来,泰国经济的繁荣发展对周边国家的低技术劳工产生了巨大的吸引力,使泰国成为大湄公河次区域内吸收来自邻国劳工移民最多的国家。本文探讨泰国吸纳周边国家劳工移民的基本状况、周边国家的劳工前往泰国的原因及带来的影响,在此基础上探讨泰国的劳工移民政策和管理措施。     

Migration Management and Humanitarian Protection: The UNHCR's ‘Resettlement Expansionism’ and Its Impact on Policy-making in the EU and Australia

Since the late 1990s, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has been a key actor in the resurgence of refugee resettlement in global debates on asylum and refugee policies. This article investigates the dynamics of the international organisation's ‘resettlement expansionism’ within the UNHCR as well as its impact on policy-making. Firstly, it analyses how the UNHCR has increased its expertise production and dissemination as well as its operational focus on resettlement. Secondly, it assesses the policy-making impact of the UNCR's ‘resettlement expansionism’ in two distinct contexts: the elaboration of the EU's new joint resettlement scheme and the recent increase of resettlement places by 40% in Australia, a traditional country of resettlement. Lastly, it discusses potential implications of this research in regards to the evolution of the global refugee regime and, more conceptually, to the study of knowledge production and expertise in migration and refugee policy.     

Contested control at the margins of the state

ABSTRACT

While the fact that the implementation of migration policies fails to perfectly manage migration is well known, the actual dynamics of policy implementation have received little attention to date. A serious engagement with this phenomenon requires a move beyond policy texts and political intentions, and towards a ‘migration regime’ perspective that pays attention to the inherent contradictions, conflicts of interest and competing logics within migration control practices. This collection posits a multi-actor perspective that includes state agents, migrants and non-state actors alike and proposes three key factors that require a closer examination: competing institutional logics, discretionary practices and migrants’ agency. Based on original empirical research, the contributions of this collection ‘zoom in’ on specific asymmetrical negotiations over the right to enter or remain in Europe, and focus on the institutional logics and interplay between the different actors involved.     

Gendered Mobilities and Work in Europe: An Introduction

Gendered Mobilities and Work in Europe is an interdisciplinary collection of papers that, together, analyse the gendered aspects of migration and the labour market in Europe. The empirical research presented in this special issue of JEMS incorporates labour market sectors designated as both high- and low-skilled and points to shifting gendered employment opportunities and working conditions for contemporary labour migrants. The papers demonstrate how both national and regional policy frameworks intersect with specific employment sectors and different typologies of migration to produce varied outcomes for male and female labour migrants even when employed in the same sector.