技术决定还是社会决定:冲突和一致——走向一种马克思主义的技术社会理论

本文主要讨论技术决定论、社会决定论、技术社会互动论和社会技术整体论四种技术社会理论的主要观点,从中注意到一种强调社会技术整体进化的马克思主义技术社会理论正日趋成熟,认为这一理论对我们完整地把握技术与社会的整体关系具有重要的学术和实践价值。     

走向一种中国本土化的技术哲学整体论？——读《重申传统》一书

构建有中国特色、中国气派、中国本土化的哲学社会科学是当前中国政府和学术界的一种共同诉求。2008年,教育部李卫红副部长[1]在高校纪念改革开放30周年理论座谈会的发言中指出,要继承中华民族文化传统,汲取精华,剔除糟粕,使民族文化薪火相传,要围绕改革开放和现代化建设中的重大理论和现实问题,深入钻研探索,形成具有中国特色的哲学社会科学。2009年,中国人民大学纪宝成教授[2]也在《光明日报》上发文呼吁要正确处理继承、借鉴和创新之间的关系,努力发展中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的人文社会科学。     

联合家庭治疗模式在贫困家庭中的运用——低保家庭成员关系改善的个案分析

联合家庭治疗模式是个案社会工作中常用的一种治疗方法,其核心内容集中在人性论、自我价值观、人的需要、家庭规则以及沟通形式等。在解决低保家庭及个人的心理及社会问题时,联合家庭治疗模式具有挖掘资源、改善家庭互动模式、解决问题根源、提升个人和家庭解决问题的能力、客观评价家庭架构等优势,分别通过心理剧、家庭剧、家庭雕塑等独特手法展现。     

一种全新的伦理秩序和伦理规范——试论全球化时代普世伦理在实现全面和谐中的价值

本文以全球化时代因和谐与冲突的张力失衡所凸显出来的问题为普世伦理存在的存在论依据,认为对普世伦理的研究必须从信仰层面的根本冲突转向对全球化时代现实生活的关切上.剥离普世伦理原有的宗教学含义,并吸取其合理的因素.在这种层面上,揭示了本文所界定的普世伦理的哲学内蕴,进而论述了普世伦理在实现全球和谐中的价值以及普世伦理的实践可能性.     

论全球化与本土化的文化冲突

人类社会正处于全球化转型的进程中。在此过程中,全球化与本土化的矛盾作为一个很现实的问题,迫切需要从理论上加以研究。文章主要探讨了全球化与本土化产生的背景、全球化对本土化的冲击与本土化对全球化的抗衡、全球化与本土化矛盾的解决方式等问题。     

Welfare Reform in America: A Clash of Politics and Research

The 1996 welfare reform law radically changed welfare as we knew it, after many years of debate and concerns across the ideological spectrum. Research should have provided essential information to revise the program, but instead, research was used as an ideological weapon to support conflicting points of view. President Clinton promised to end welfare as we know it but his welfare reform plan was superceded by the election of a Republican majority of the House and Senate in 1994. The resulting welfare bill included key elements from the Republican Contract with America. The purpose of this article is to describe how political pressures resulted in a dramatic change in law, despite doomsday predictions and almost no solid information about the law's likely impact.     

The Clash of Voices: Community-based Targeting of Safety-net Interventions in Malawi

Using the principle of community targeting, the 2003 Winter Targeted Input Programme was designed to extend free inputs to about 400,000 households in rural Malawi on the basis of access to dambo, and poverty status. The tendency for most communities was, however, to modify the stipulated criteria on the basis of their perceptions and interpretations of need, entitlement and equity. Strikingly, even though the resulting criteria often reflected priorities conflicting with the officially prescribed guidelines, they were nevertheless not necessarily motivated by fraudulent intentions, though there were some isolated cases of ill‐intention. This article therefore advocates at least the incorporation of views from below in the design of interventions of this nature in order to ensure that they achieve the overall desired strategic impact.     

Rhetoric and Reality in European Co-operation with Third Countries: A Case Study

This case study illustrates the reality of trying to achieve the European Commission objective of fruitful international research co-operation with Third Countries. The process of responding to an EC research call, preparing a proposal and negotiating a contract are explored with areas of general applicability being highlighted. The case study is drawn from the Avicenne Initiative in the area of health systems research. The difficulties and inequality of access to information, administrative research support and resourcing are explored as both issues for individuals and institutions and also as part of the difficulties of developing south-north or east-west research partnerships. The backstage of research is explored in order to highlight issues of discourse, practice and procedure which, if tackled, could provide a more level playing field for researchers from a wide range of institutions and countries.     

Globalization: Country and company interests in conflict

Globalization has brought about fundamental change. But, the same theory that shows that free trade is beneficial also shows that globalization can be harmful to at least one of the trading countries. Moreover, with globalization, the interests of a country and its companies may diverge. In this paper, we examine free trade in a globalizing world and identify the key policy issues that economists and industrial leaders, alike, must address in today's interdependent world.     

经济全球化的理想与理想的经济全球化

经济全球化的理想因主体不同而异。发达国家的经济全球化的理想是更发达,并能主导世界和经济全球化本身;发展中国家的经济全球化的理想是能尽快的发展,并能使自己与发达国家的差距缩小,改变自己在世界格局中的不利地位;两者应统一到理想的经济全球化上来。理想的经济全球化是发达国家的经济要进一步发展,发展中国家的经济要以更高的速度向前发展,两者的差距要缩小,建立新的国际经济秩序。可通过适当的路径,有条件实施战略性贸易政策来实现。     

南宁与越南产业合作对策研究

南宁与越南产业合作是南宁与东盟诸国产业合作的起始、实验田、模板,是中国-东盟自由贸易区建设的重要途径探索。目前,南宁与越南产业合作渐具规模,但也存在诸多问题。为此,应采取多种措施进一步促进南宁与越南的产业合作。     

经济全球化:理解与克服

经济全球化基于由亚当·斯密提出的自由主义经济动力学。按照马克思的意识形态 ,经济全球化就是资本主义全球化。我们需要理解经济全球化的整体性的运转模式 ,研究世界市场及其对全球化时代人类生活的影响。对现时代的物质条件的这些分析是克服经济全球化弊端的理论要求