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继承权向所有权转化 ,并非瞬间完成 ,而是一个或长或短的过程———继承人的期待继承权先转化为既得继承权 ,再转化为所有权。在继承权向所有权转化的过程中 ,继承权主体成为这一时段的权利主体 ,且该主体的确定是由下述环节决定的 ,即 :继承人范围的确定、遗产的保管与分割、继承人接受继承或放弃继承的意思表示、继承权的丧失以及继承人应继份的确定等。只有继承人享有、行使既得继承权 ,并依据物权的公示公信原则实现了所有权主体的更替 ,继承权才能转化为所有权。 相似文献
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我国现行继承法未将基本原则条文化,学者对继承法的基本原则多有讨论,但鲜有将尊重被继承人意志原则界定为继承法的基本原则,更无人论证其于继承法中的地位。自由价值是继承法的根本价值,由继承法的自由价值与本质属性所决定,尊重被继承人意志原则应当为继承法的基本原则,它贯穿于继承法始终,不仅是遗嘱继承应当遵循的原则,而且是法定继承应当遵循的原则,并且,是保护私人财产继承权原则、继承权平等原则、养老育幼等原则的逻辑前提,在继承法的基本原则体系中居于核心地位。 相似文献
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被继承人生前所欠债务及死亡后所产生的债务,中国继承法采取了有限责任继承原则,致使债权人的合法权益难以得到有效的保护。被继承人债务的确定和清偿,法律上既有规范也有缺陷,因此须在立法、司法上进行完善。 相似文献
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无人承受遗产制度是继承法律制度的重要组成部分,它涉及遗产继承人利益的保护和社会公共利益的维护.在阐述四法域无人承受遗产制度的基础上,比较评析其异同,借鉴港、澳、台三地区有益的立法经验,针对我国内地无人承受遗产制度之不足,从我国内地地区实际出发,提出重构大陆地区无人承受遗产制度的设想,即在未来的<中国民法典继承编>中以专门部分规定无人承认继承制度,其内容包括增设遗产管理人制度;增设搜索继承人和遗产债权人等的公告程序;无人承受遗产的归属之重新定位.在遗产无人承受的情形下,遗产首先应归依靠被继承人扶养的人或对被继承人扶养较多的人或与被继承人共同生活的人.只有在无这些人的情形下,遗产才能归国家或集体所有. 相似文献
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南宋时期,女儿的财产继承权无论在法律上还是在实践中,均得到了承认和保护。虽然在古代宗法制下,由于女儿不具有宗祧继承权,使得其财产继承权受到很大限制。但是,法律原则性地赋予了户绝之家与非户绝之家的在室女、归宗女和出嫁女以不同的财产继承权限。在具体的司法实践中,法官们往往在法定原则的基础上,参酌宗法伦理与儒家道义来灵活处断女儿的财产继承份额,针对一些特殊的情况,会综合考虑血缘亲疏、被继承人意愿﹙遗嘱﹚、孝悌道德等因素加以衡量裁断,给予女儿相对合理的财产继承权利。《名公书判清明集》所收录的关于南宋时期女儿财产继承的相关判例即体现了古代情理法框架下,司法中这种原则性与灵活性并存、法律与情理并重的特点。 相似文献
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春秋时期,以儒、法、道家为代表出现了不同类型的法律思想,各诸侯国为适应政治经济的变革与发展,在法律制度上也相应地起了变化,其总的特点是以保护私有财产权为中心的成文法在各国陆续出现。新法颁布之后,在各国引起了很大的争议,但最终新的法律体系取代了旧的法律制度,从而使中国的法制实现了从习惯法向成文法的转化,使法律真正成为调整人们行为的社会规范,并为新兴的封建生产关系建设起到了保障作用,推动了中国历史的发展。 相似文献
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万历年间册立太子之争被称为"争国本",围绕册立皇长子朱常洛还是皇三子朱常洵,明神宗万历与廷臣进行了旷日持久的博弈。整个事件由廷臣温和的建议开始,经过长期而激烈的斗争,以至于谣言四起,最后借助太后的力量得以解决,按祖制皇长子朱常洵被册立为太子,皇三子朱常洛受封福王。争国本是认识明朝政治运作的典型样本,折射了专制王朝政治运作的内在逻辑。 相似文献
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舜在中国历史上堪称第一个人格形象完整的人,他的故事中蕴含着丰富的道德哲学问题,而这些问题的解决在现代社会仍有启示意义。首先是父子关系的问题,舜的父亲因为偏爱不是个慈父,但舜秉承着父子天性的认识,以不变的孝心来对待父亲,最终得以处理好父子关系。而兄弟之间因为出现了继承权之争,即利益问题,所以舜的弟弟象一直想杀死舜,但舜坚持兄弟之间的血缘亲情,始终以让的美德来感化兄弟。舜对于夫妻关系,认识到其中的异姓和异性问题,因此"内行弥谨",谨慎地与妻子相处,最终得以使家庭和睦。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT For individuals in the marginalized population of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans- gender persons (LGBT), choosing a health care surrogate to make medical decisions is an emotionally challenging task. These decisions become more difficult when compounded by issues of discrimination, lack of legal and social support, varying levels of relationship commitment, and complications of disclosure to family and medical professionals. Limited research exists regarding the social, legal, medical, and familial environments that impact the choice of a surrogate decision maker for an LGBT individual. This systematic review examines 14 articles to identify factors influencing individual surrogate choice and existing gaps in the literature. To remedy current research limitations, future research recommendations address the areas of design, sampling, data collection, and data analysis within diverse subgroups of the LGBT population. This review further identifies related areas of service required by members of the LGBT population relative to diversity, demographics, and social, legal, medical, and familial environments influencing their choice of a surrogate decision maker. 相似文献
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Li Chongfu 《Social Sciences in China》2013,34(2):124-138
Nation-state identity has become a focus of theoretical discussion in academia home and abroad in recent years. Under the new historical conditions, the study of national identity should take the Marxist theory of the state as its theoretical basis and stick to the Marxist view of class and class analysis so as to properly understand, guide and enhance national identity. The Marxist theory of the state has analyzed in a scientific way the origin, nature, development, succession and decay of the state, and the innovative and transitional nature of the proletarian state. We should not stop at the level of “national identity in general,” but should instead use the Marxist view of class to look at and analyze specific people’s identification with specific states. As far as the developed capitalist states are concerned, the bourgeoisie and the working class differ dramatically in their views, attitudes, emotions and beliefs toward their state. When it comes to China that is still at the primary stage of socialism, national identity needs to be studied in depth and guided in a correct way, especially under the condition of reform and opening-up. The main subjects of national identity should get optimized at all levels.Meanwhile, measures should be taken to enhance conscious awareness of and cultivate right attitudes toward national identity. 相似文献
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史志强 《中国社会历史评论》2011,(0)
本文关注清代中期普通民众的立嗣问题。笔者利用刑科题本等档案材料揭示立嗣规范与实践之间的巨大差距,包括立嗣双方亲缘关系的疏离复杂,立嗣继产时分割方式的多元变化及其背后嗣子年龄的低幼化分布、权利主体的多样性、家庭利益考量和经济因素影响;再利用笔记、方志、文集将清中期的具体情况置于社会演进的大背景下,纵向研究立嗣问题的传承与变迁,尝试探究其中的性别问题,立嗣与收养界限不断模糊,血缘观念日益淡化的历史进程。 相似文献
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Caroline Fleay Lisa Hartley Mary Anne Kenny 《The Australian journal of social issues》2013,48(4):473-493
While Australian legislation allows for the mandatory detention of asylum seekers arriving without a valid visa, in recent years the Australian Government has released thousands from immigration detention prior to their protection claims being finalised. This article outlines the results of interviews with eleven men who had been released into such community‐based arrangements after long periods of immigration detention. The major challenge for most of the men who had been granted the right to work upon their release was securing employment, while being denied the right to work was the major challenge for those released without this right. This article explores the social and personal benefits that employment can offer asylum seekers and refugees and the implications it has for integration into their host country. 相似文献
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礼县大堡子山秦陵墓主考辨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自上世纪末甘肃礼县大堡子山春秋早期秦墓惨遭盗掘的十多年来,学界对劫余后经考古发掘清理的两座秦公大墓之主多在襄公、文公、宪公及夫人间考虑,迄今认识不一。本文拟以文献所记和考古发现资料作为考证依据,认为大堡子山必有以秦公礼制而葬的静公大墓,通过M2是在M3连同车马坑建成后夹挤其间的奇特葬格局;两座大墓连同车马坑在内的整个墓地统一大面积覆盖纯匀的五花土,表明两座大墓是同时埋葬或同时封填墓口的遗迹;随葬器型、纹饰尤其铭文书体的差异只体现在M2一墓所出的器物上这一奇怪的差异以及十多年来国内外相继出现的各种迹象表明是出自大堡子山的秦子器,尤其秦子簋盖夔纹确切证明秦子簋是大堡子山的出土物。“秦子”,即秦文公太子静公等考证,认为两座墓之一M3为嬴秦第二代国君秦文公之墓,型制较小的M2则是未享国而卒的文公太子静公墓,即以秦公礼制而葬的秦子墓。 相似文献