《降魔变文》、《破魔变文》与《西游记》──谈敦煌变文和古代神话小说的渊源关系

《降魔变文》、《破魔变文》与《西游记》─－谈敦煌变文和古代神话小说的渊源关系李润强变文是敦煌说唱文学，特别是民间说唱文学中最重要的一种形式，它是在中国原有的叙事诗和民间说唱类文学形式的基础上，吸收印度佛教讲经形成而产生的一种富有生命力的说唱文学形式。...     

安德森《林中之死》的写作风格探析

舍伍德.安德森是美国现代文学史上享有特殊地位的重要作家,其小说《林中之死》是现代短篇小说的经典之作。本文运用文体学的分析方法,对该小说进行探讨,揭示小说的思想内容与言辞形式上的潜在联系,以期对它的思想内涵和创作技法有更进一步的了解与把握。     

辛亥时期女性形象书写与女性公共空间的展开——评析陆士谔《血泪黄花》

辛亥革命的爆发不仅促进小说的现代转型,而且为女性公共空间的开展带来契机。陆士谔《血泪黄花》最早以小说的形式展现了辛亥革命爆发的全景,对辛亥革命在促进现代小说形式的生成、辛亥革命与新女性尤其是女性公共空间的开展都有所探索。小说对正面人物尤其是新女性的形象塑造、对"革命加恋爱"模式的创造、在描绘家庭与革命之间的关系上,都对此后革命"史诗"小说具有启示意义。     

一部新发现的咏《红楼梦》力作——《甄女词》读解

《红楼梦》的传播、接受史是一个文学史上的奇观,而"题红"、"咏红"诗则是奇中之奇。题咏之中,还有一种集句诗也令人刮目相看。尤为难能可贵的是,有人竟以诗中难度最大的七律体集成130首大型组诗,雍容华贵地歌咏、评说小说《红楼梦》,而且别出心裁地以书中次要人物香菱为见证、象征与线索,写得扑朔迷离、含蕴厚重、哲思悠悠、气象万千。这就是新发现的红楼梦》评论中诗评的力作——《甄女词》。     

论巴赫金的时空观

巴赫金的时空观表现在他的"时空体"理论中,他对时间与空间的看法凸显出较浓的现代特色。巴赫金在整个《希腊小说》中将自己的"时空体"观点表现得非常具体,小说作为一种艺术形式,成为巴赫金显现自己"时空体"的载体,他的这种分析丰富了小说理论的基础,也是独立自由精神的体现。     

夏目漱石对明治“时代精神”的反省——兼论《心》的天皇制批判

大江健三郎的小说《水死》问世之后,其中引用夏目漱石名作《心》的"时代精神"段落、一直是国内日本文学研究的热点。假如从漱石文学一贯的"未来视角"入手分析,就能发现小说中的角色除了推动情节的作用外,还有国家性的隐喻功能,即"我"代表大正日本而"先生"代表明治日本。小说中的"时代精神"也因此具有了个人层面与国家层面的双重含义。对"先生"自杀身亡结局的安排,不仅表达了作者呼吁青年人警惕"个人主义"的误用,更是他向发动侵略战争的天皇制所提出的强烈批判。     

繁华落尽真情见——浅谈我的雕塑作品《游园惊梦》

正梦中园,梦中缘。"不到园林,怎知春色如许",不看《牡丹亭》,怎知昆曲为何?一个偶然的机会我同友人去观赏了昆剧《牡丹亭》——可谓上启"西厢"下承"红楼"的千古绝唱,是明代南曲代表作。原名《还魂记》全名《牡丹亭还魂记》,传奇剧本,二卷,五十五出。汤显祖在那个存天理灭人欲的时代写出如此勇敢、如此至情至性的梦境,实为难得。他在该剧《题词》中有言:"如杜丽娘者,乃可谓之有情人耳。情不知所起,一往而深。生者可以死,死亦可生。生而不可与死,死而不可复生者,皆非情之至也。梦中之情,何必非真,天     

一部关于戒毒的现实主义力作——毕淑敏小说《红处方》

毕淑敏是一位具有强烈社会责任意识的作家,她精心打造的长篇小说《红处方》,是一部关注戒毒斗争的现实主义力作。本文通过分析认为,小说《红处方》从医学的视角出发,形象地解读了丰富的戒毒知识,科学地揭示了吸毒戒毒的生理变化和心理反应,深刻地阐释了戒毒的社会现实问题,为人们敲响了珍爱生命拒绝毒品的警钟。就戒毒的社会意义而言,小说《红处方》也是一部宣传戒毒的科普读物。     

从小说到文史——宋代书目中诗话的归属与位置变迁

诗话类著作产生于宋代,在袁本《郡斋读书志》中,诗话被著录于小说类中间,显示出其"话"的小说特点,至姚应绩重编衢本《郡斋读书志》将其移置小说类之末,说明编者已注意到诗话著作与小说的区别。郑樵《通志·艺文略》最早将诗话移置文史类,确立了其文学评论的属性,尤袤《遂初堂书目》与陈振孙《直斋书录解题》亦同。《宋史·艺文志》则将诗话类著作分置小说类与文史类,引起后人对于诗话多种属性的讨论。查其实际,是《宋史·艺文志》因于《中兴国史艺文志》,后者采用了两种著录标准,揭示出诗话与小说的驳杂联系,也表现出宋人对于诗话属性的探讨与质疑。     

补天石·镜子·颜色——试论《西游补》与《红楼梦》的象征意象

补天石、镜子、颜色不仅都是《西游补》与《红楼梦》中的重要意象,而且都与小说题旨的阐发有关。补天石意象所揭示的天的倾覆和未遂的补天之恨、镜子意象所揭示的色即是空的佛教哲理、颜色意象中红与绿两种基本色调所代表的红尘和情欲,是这三个意象在两部小说中所共有的象征意义。     

Zelda Foster and her contributions to social work in end-of-life care

This article is both a memoir of one social worker's professional collaboration with Zelda Foster and a tribute to Zelda's legacy in the form of an educational resource on end-of-life care. It reviews achievements of Zelda Foster in social work practice and teaching related to death and dying. Resources presented in this article were supported by the Soros Foundation's Project on Death in America, a funded grant project to which Zelda contributed. The end-of-life care education, training and informational tools discussed in this article are examples of ongoing efforts in the social work profession to improve the lives of the dying and bereaved.     

从《左传》看春秋时人的生死观

死亡是生命的终结,对于死亡的态度实则展现着人们生存的精神风貌。春秋时代的人们把死亡看作是一种必然,从而无所畏惧。他们勇敢地选择死亡,平静地面对死亡,直至把死亡演绎成一种生命的美丽。(他们的死亡是勇武的,美的,善的,一如他们鲜活的生命。因此他们是真正的死而不朽。     

Zelda Foster and Her Contributions to Social Work in End-of-Life Care

ABSTRACT

This article is both a memoir of one social worker's professional collaboration with Zelda Foster and a tribute to Zelda's legacy in the form of an educational resource on end-of-life care. It reviews achievements of Zelda Foster in social work practice and teaching related to death and dying. Resources presented in this article were supported by the Soros Foundation's Project on Death in America, a funded grant project to which Zelda contributed. The end-of-life care education, training and informational tools discussed in this article are examples of ongoing efforts in the social work profession to improve the lives of the dying and bereaved.     

哲学视野中的死亡超越

死亡是个体生命之必然归宿,现实社会对待死亡普遍有回避心理,然而现代医学进步使死亡问题无法回避,而死亡意识又是构建哲学的基础和主要内容,为此哲学必须研究死亡意识与现象,其目的是通过研究死亡以反思人的生命意义及生存价值,实现哲学意义上的精神超越。     

Burnout and Death Anxiety in Hospice Social Workers

Hospice work has been regarded as particularly stressful due to the complexity inherent in the provision of end-of-life care. Burnout and death anxiety are especially relevant to hospice social workers because they regularly function in a high-stress, high-loss environment. The purpose of this study was threefold: to determine the prevalence of burnout and death anxiety among hospice social workers; to examine associations between burnout and death anxiety; and to explore the factors which may contribute to the development of death anxiety and burnout. Participants completed four items: the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), the Death Anxiety Questionnaire (DAQ), a demographic questionnaire, and a set of open-ended questions. Findings indicate that mean scores on the subscales of the MBI-HSS ranged from the low to moderate range and that a strong positive correlation existed between death anxiety and the depersonalization subscale of the MBI. Three key themes emerged from the qualitative data: (a) personal interest in hospice social work developed through a variety of ways; (b) although death anxiety decreased from exposure and understanding of the death process, there was increased death anxiety surrounding working with certain patients; and (c) burnout was primarily related to workload or difficult cases.     

时间与海德格尔的“时间性”

本文不是试图对海德格尔进行解释 ,而是试图从文本本身的角度质疑《存在与时间》中概念的矛盾性。《存在与时间》建立了一种新的 ,关于时间始源性问题的学说。时间的始源 ,被海德格尔称为“时间性”。时间性在此在分析中有中心地位 ,对时间作出了新的解释。然而时间性本身却是一个矛盾概念。时间性源于死的本真性 ;死所以是最本真的 ,因为死是必须此在自己去承担的存在可能性。如果以是否自己去承担为标准 ,那么此在能承担的存在可能性并不只有死。所以死不可能是最本真的。因而 ,时间性也不可能是始源性的时间学说。文章通过对时间性的分析指出 ,时间性学说是建立在对于时间的一般理解之上的。     

跨文化戏剧的创意实践——现代舞剧《海伦之梦》的启示

由中美艺术家联合排演制作的现代舞剧《海伦之梦》,是当代中国跨文化戏剧一次有益的艺术和产业实践.作品突破传统经典跨文化戏剧的严肃格调和小众诉求,以抒情、浪漫的气质和大众通俗的形式,紧扣“爱与理解”的主题,采用自由梦幻曲形式和心理蒙太奇结构,大胆增设小红军的虚构形象,巧妙运用中美两国的民间意象元素,富有创意地开拓了跨文化戏剧的艺术领域和产业前景.     

Black-White Differentials in Adult Homicide Mortality in the United States

Objective . This article examines individual level black-white differences in adult homicide mortality. Homicide is a major social problem and a central cause of preventable death in the United States. A homicide not only claims one life prematurely but can also devastate a family, friends, and a neighboring community. Methods . We link eight consecutive years of the National Health Interview Survey (1987–94) to the Multiple Cause of Death file through the National Death Index (1987–97), and use Cox proportional hazard models to examine the role of social factors in black-white homicide mortality in the United States. Results . We find that individual level sociodemographic characteristics—age, sex, marital status, education, employment status, and geographic factors—explain almost 35 percent of the racial differences in homicide mortality. Conclusions . These results demonstrate the contributions that National Center for Health Statistics data can make to criminological literature and reveal the mechanisms through which blacks experience higher homicide mortality than whites. Such illumination may lead to a reduction in the fourth leading preventable cause of death in the United States.