异质信念、卖空限制与风险资产价格

在考察投资者信念形成影响因素的基础上,提出了股票市场中投资者异质信念的假设,并据此推导出了一个基于异质信念的风险资产价格均衡模型.这一模型从理论上证明了对股票价格产生影响的不仅包括那些影响公司经营前景的因素,还包括投资者意见分歧的程度.根据这一模型可以对金融市场上许多异象提出一致的解释性假说.     

Reconceptualizing the nature and consequences of part-time work

This article presents a theoretical framework for understanding the impact of part-time work on employees' attitudes and behaviors. A series of hypotheses also are presented to explain the varying consequences that different types of part-time employment arrangements, work-context factors, and demographic variables have on the experiences of part-time workers. Future issues for theory development and research methodology are discussed as well.     

The nature of the work-leisure relationship

This article is concerned with the development of an analytical framework, developed from a social psychological perspective, for viewing the nature of the work ethic and its changed character in contemporary industrial life. Toward this end, an analysis of how a typical Western person's attitudes toward work and leisure are formed is presented. The interdependent influence of this attitude upon the worker's mental health is examined. The influence of social evolution in Western culture seems to be altering work-leisure attitudes and this phenomenon is studied. Finally, based on the previous analysis, social policy recommendations for increasing the self-actualizing potential of both work and leisure are offered.     

异质信念、融资决策与投资收益

放松现代公司融资理论的同质信念假设,在异质信念下构建公司股权债权融资模型,分析公司融资决策与投资者及管理者信念的关系,讨论异质信念下投资者和原股东的投资收益及公司过度投资.模型结论表明:投资者相对于管理者的信念越高,投资者间异质信念越大,则公司越倾向于发行股权融资;投资者相对于管理者的信念越高,投资者间异质信念越大,则股权融资的公司越可能发生过度投资,而债权融资公司的过度投资不受影响.以沪深A股2005-2010年再融资公司为样本,对模型结论进行实证检验,检验结果支持模型结论,并利用结论,从异质信念视角,解释我国上市公司股权融资偏好、过度投资等异象.     

外部风险、异质信念与特质波动率风险溢价

本文将影响资产价格的不确定性划分为基本面不确定性、市场层面以及公司层面外部因素不确定性,(后二者对基本面没有影响,是非基本面因素),认为投资者对基本面和外部因素分别形成异质信念.在此基础上用连续时间的鞅分析方法,在纯交换市场均衡模型的框架下,建立了基于投资者异质信念的消费资本资产定价模型.该模型从理论上证明了除来自总消...     

Religious beliefs along the suicidal path in northern Taiwan

This study aimed to understand the current inclinations toward depression and compulsion for members of four different religious groups, and to predict religious beliefs along the suicide path through analyzing the lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts for members of these religious groups. Participants in this cross-sectional study, which adopted purposive sampling, were members of Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism, and Taoism in northern Taiwan. In the case of suicide experiences, suicides among people one knows, and tendency toward compulsion and depression, there are statistical differences between the four religions. According to the results, some people with suicidal tendency will attend religious activities; therefore, we predict that religious beliefs play an important role in suicide prevention.     

Effective leadership in the Mexican maquiladora: challenging common expectations

This article reports a cross-cultural study of Mexican and U.S. leaders in Mexican maquiladoras. The research builds on relational demography to determine if leader ethnicity, regional Mexican culture, and organizational affiliation moderate the impact of leadership behavior on important organizational outcomes. We examined the impacts of specific leader behaviors on follower attitudes and performance. Contrary to expectations from the current cross-cultural leadership literature, managerial leaders from the United States had approximately the same effects on the Mexican workforce as managerial leaders from Mexico. However, regional differences within Mexico and organizational affiliation were significant moderators. We postulate that there are at least two leader prototypes in Mexico: the “transitional” leader and the more “traditional” leader. Additional implications of these findings for leadership in Mexico are discussed.     

The relationship between newcomer expectations of job stressors and adjustment to the new job

This study examined the relationship between unrealistic expectations of organizational newcomers regarding job stressors and subsequent adjustment to the new job. Using a sample of 91 new employees, measures of expected stressors (gathered prior to the first day of work) were compared with stressors reported after six months on the job. The study examined the relationship between the accuracy of expected stressors (demands) and three indicators of job adjustment: job satisfaction; job involvement; and distress symptoms. The results provided partial support for the hypothesis that newcomers who underestimate job stressors have more difficulty adjusting on the new job than do newcomers who overestimate job stressors.     

质性研究的科学哲学基础与若干常见缺陷——中国企业管理案例与质性研究论坛(2018)综述

本文对本届案例论坛的主题报告精华要点进行总结,重点阐述质性研究的科学哲学基础,包括本体论、认识论、人的本质和方法论等4个维度的基本假设,以及对社会的本质这个维度的假设,进而讨论了不同风格的案例与质性研究所属的不同范式间的差别。这是理解质性研究的本质,以及做出高质量研究的保障。此外,本文对论文发表中的常见缺陷进行了剖析,包括引言模糊乏味、研究动机不明或缺乏说服力、仅宣称研究情境独特却不论证、不同范式的质性研究之间的错配和缺乏对关键概念的定义等缺陷,并逐一给出改善建议。     

On the nature of problems in consulting practice

OR consultants who wish to help clients with complex policy issues need to find ways of taking account of personal and illegitimate features of a client's understanding of his situation, as well as the technical features which are usually considered. This paper is an attempt to discuss the practice of operational research in ways which reflect its political complexity, rather than the techniques, which are more commonly described in the published papers and texts. The discussion leads to the suggestion that practitioners could usefully devote some energy to reflecting upon the processes used in effective problem solving.     

复杂人群系统定性模拟研究

为了使计算机模拟技术在管理领域广泛推广,根据面向物理系统的定性模拟方法,针对人群系统的复杂特征,设计了群体"人"的行为变化的定性模拟方法,包括变量的分类和表述、复杂关系的表述、状态变量的转换、过滤器和定性模拟的算法步骤,采用Matlab 6.10实现过滤器,采用Visual Foxpro 6.0实现状态变量的转换、推理过程,并应用于一个简单实例,模拟结果表明所设计的方法能够用于人群行为变化过程的描述和预测.     

Developing business buccaneers: employer expectations of emergent leaders

This study investigates employer expectations of graduates to inform pedagogical practice within a context of industry–university collaboration. Employers’ views of graduates as future leaders are explored through interviews, focus groups and a survey, with a regional sample of 146 managers. Findings show employers have different understandings and diverse expectations of leadership traits and generic competencies. Employers anticipate future graduates will need greater adaptability and flexibility for volatile business contexts; with some highlighting rule breaking that implies a buccaneer approach rather than responsible leadership. The dissonance between an academic aim to educate socially responsible, global citizens and industry demands potentially undermines the coherence of partnership. Consequently, this study casts doubt on implicit assumptions that practice-informed, industry–university, collaboration will deliver better leaders. The main implications are that educators need to clearly communicate to employers how university learning transfers into actual work practice, and for graduates to better articulate their broad capabilities. The research offers fresh insight into on educators’ responsibility to nurture critical thinking in graduates with the learning agility to question and responsibly navigate organisational rules. The study also contributes to the industry–university partnership debate by revealing the academic complexity of developing future leaders given the multiple lenses of practice-informed views.     

试论高校中青年科技人才培养

中青年科技人才是高校科学研究队伍中一支战斗力很强的生力军,重视培养中青年科技人才是我国保持科学技术不断进步的重大战略举措.本文分析了我国中青年科技人才面临的现状和成长制约因素,提出了高校中青年科技人才培养的一些对策和建议.本文的研究对促进我国高校中青年科技人才的成长,推动高校科研整体水平、增强高校核心竞争力有显著意义.     

也谈管理理论品格的时代性

管理作为一类活动是人类形成以后第一个具有品格特征的事情,凝练这类活动经验的管理理论进而也是具有品格的,并且具有不断演化的时代性． 管理理论的时代性从根本上源于人类劳动方式的演化,并且表现为管理思想、管理组织、管理手段和管理教育等四个方面的时代性特征． 时代的发展为人们带来了极好的管理理论创新、发展和突破的机遇．     

Leadership and expectations: Pygmalion effects and other self-fulfilling prophecies in organizations

The Pygmalion effect is a type of self-fulfilling prophecy (SFP) in which raising manager expectations regarding subordinate performance boosts subordinate performance. Managers who are led to expect more of their subordinates lead them to greater achievement. Programmatic research findings from field experiments are reviewed, and our present knowledge about the Pygmalion effect in the management of industrial, sales, and military organizations is summarized. A model is presented in which leadership is hypothesized to be the key mediator through which manager expectations influence subordinate self-efficacy, performance expectations, motivation, effort, and performance. The behaviors that comprise the Pygmalion Leadership Style are described. Besides creating the one-on-one Pygmalion effect, additional ways for managers to assert their leadership by creating productive organizationwide SFP are suggested. An agenda for research on SFP applications is proposed.     

标准竞争的主导性预期与联盟及福利效应分析

随着全球网络经济的迅猛发展,网络标准竞争策略及其有效性已引起产业组织理论研究的重视.在直接网络外部性的研究框架中,消费者预期对标准竞争均衡具有重要影响,而在间接网络外部性下,标准供应商的预期对均衡也会产生重要影响.构建了具有间接网络外部性的标准竞争动态博弈模型,分析主导性预期及标准联盟对标准竞争均衡的影响及其福利效应.研究发现:哪种预期成为主导性预期取决于消费者是否存在策略性延迟购买;标准供应商可以通过组建标准联盟来影响强制性标准的选择,进而影响消费者预期;消费者预期越准确,策略性延迟的福利损失越小;但是,在一定条件下,标准联盟将导致更多的消费者延迟购买,导致福利损失.研究结果可用于解释我国数字电视领域标准竞争的事实.     

General beliefs about the world as defensive mechanisms against death anxiety

Death ideation and death anxiety represent the cognitive and affective dimensions of death attitudes, respectively. General beliefs about the world are proposed to be useful defensive mechanisms protecting persons against the death anxiety provoked by death ideation. SEM is employed to test the proposed mediation model, using a sample of 133 Hong Kong Chinese university students. Results showed that death ideation was significantly and inversely linked to belief in social cynicism, reward for application, and fate control. Moreover, higher levels of belief in fate control and lower levels of religiosity predicted greater death anxiety. Only belief in fate control partially mediated the relationship between death ideation and death anxiety. Discussion focused on how social axioms serve as useful defensive mechanisms against death anxiety.