School Students at Work

Over half of three hundred fifth-formers surveyed had taken holiday jobs and over a third worked part-time during the school term. The average remuneration for those who worked was $1.75 for boys and $1.20 for girls and the average time in employment per week was almost twenty hours in the holidays and about seven and a half during term. While the respondents reported that they worked for money and to gain acceptance in the adult world, a majority of them stated that they favoured compulsory work experience, advocating that all students should spend time on farms or in factories as part of their education.     

The Attitudes of Social Work Students Toward End-of-Life Care Planning

This study examined the attitudes of social work students toward end-of-life care planning, as well as their degree of willingness to engage in this area of social work practice. Factors associated with their attitudes were measured through structured surveys completed by 102 social work students (N = 102) at a school of social work in the southeast. Results indicated that these social work students tended to have positive attitudes toward end-of-life care planning in general. Moreover, these attitudes were positively associated with preference for pain relief treatment, higher levels of comfort when discussing death, more emphasis on self-determination, and apprehension of conflicts of self-determination. The results of this study underscored the increased societal need for recognition of personal preferences in end-of-life care, higher levels of comfort when discussing death, and an increased commitment of social workers' to maintaining the ethical principle of the client's right to self-determination in end-of-life planning. While this is not surprising, it points to a continuing need to re-assess where the field stands in its preparation of social work professionals who will work closely with people who are dying and their families.     

Are Students Failing School or Are Schools Failing Students? Class Cutting in High School

In many urban public high schools today, students navigate their day by selectively cutting class leading to course failure and dropping out. Collaborative, qualitative research conducted with urban high school students indicates that cutting results from disengagement and alienation that students label "boredom." Focus group data ( N = 160 in 8 groups) indicate that class cutting has not only an individual component that schools address, but also a systemic, conflictual component that schools do not address. These unaddressed, intransigent conflicts can foster moral exclusion and structural violence. These data suggest that rather than relying on standard punitive approaches, schools can respond to class cutting more effectively by taking students' concerns seriously, working collaboratively with students, and engaging in institutional self-scrutiny.     

The Effectiveness of Social Work in an Alternative School for High School Dropouts

A Graduate School of Social Work and a Private Alternative School collaborated to develop an educational treatment program for high school dropout youth. The treatment program incorporated a mutual aid framework which was administered in the context of a multi-component treatment program. The treatment program is described in some detail including a Social Group Work approach for intervening with the youth. The outcomes of participants were evaluated utilizing several pretest to post-test measures of behavioral and academic functioning. An external criteria for success was also used. T-test analysis of pretest to post-test changes showed statistically significant progress on several measures. Analysis of the external criteria indicated a 73% success rate.     

普通高中家庭经济困难学生资助问题探析

高中教育处于义务教育与大学教育的中间阶段,既不属于法定的义务教育,也不属于国家大力扶持的高等教育。当前,高中生既无法免交学杂费,又没能享受各项助学优惠政策,对一些困难家庭而言,供孩子上高中仍是一项无力承受的负担。造成普通高中家庭经济困难学生资助乏力的原因主要有政府救助缺位,资助的责任主体界定不合理,社会关注度低等,解决这些问题需要政府、家庭、社会的共同努力。     

Applying Evidence-Based Practice in Group Work at an Alternative High School

Social workers often are reluctant to use evidence-based practice in group work. Part of this reluctance is because of the perceived rigidity of the process and its emphasis on research. However, social workers can rely on the four cornerstones of evidence-based practice—research, clinical experience, personal views, and client’s perspective—to provide an evidence-based group intervention. In this article, the authors illustrate how social workers used the four cornerstones at one alternative high school to provide an evidence-based group intervention. These cornerstones were used from the beginning of the process, which started with choosing the type of intervention, through the end of the process, which concluded with assessing the intervention. In this article, the authors show that it is possible for social workers to provide an evidence-based group intervention, while remaining flexible, thereby contributing to social workers’ knowledge of how to use evidence-based practice with groups.     

Transition of Handicapped Students from School to Work: An Evaluation of the NEAT Paid Work Experience Program for Handicapped Secondary Students

The NEAT Work Experience Program for Handicapped Secondary Students is one in which Students are paid award wages for their work and employers receive a subsidy for training them. An evaluation of the program suggested that the program had improved the employment prospects of its participants, had assisted their adjustment to work and had made them more independent with respect to financial management, use of transport and selection of appropriate clothing. Employers became more favourable to the employment of handicapped people as a result of participation in the scheme. Moreover the scheme has enabled schools to make their programs more relevant to the working world.     

Religious Correlates of Death Anxiety Among High School Students in Rural Southern America

Students from two rural high schools in South Louisiana participated in a study of the relationship between death anxiety and religiosity. Six variables, four of which are concerned with religiosity, were identified as correlates of death anxiety by stepwise multiple regression.     

个案工作在预防中学生言语欺凌行为中的应用

在校园生活中，中学生之间的言语欺凌行为并不罕见，在某种程度上，言语欺凌行为对中学生带来的伤害并不比肢体欺凌的小，甚至会留下永久的心理阴影，对其今后的成长会造成严重的影响。就中学生言语欺凌行为的现状来看，言语欺凌行为既受社会认知、个体情绪、人格特征等个体因素的制约，也受家庭、校园、社会以及情境等环境因素的影响，其中，个体因素是最主要的因素。个案工作方法中的行为治疗模式对预防中学生言语欺凌行为有着积极的作用。     

School and College Students' Attitudes Toward Military Service

Efforts to do away with the old conformity and uniformity in the organization of the educational process and to develop pedagogical creativity broadly have fostered the formation of didactic innovations in the mass practice of instruction. Among the most important conditions of effectiveness in pedagogical innovations we include that of enhancing the concern and preparedness of instructors to change their activities, selecting didactic innovations, and providing teachers and school administrators with information about new tools for transforming practice and about experience in their use. The realization of these conditions is within the powers of any pedagogical collective that is concerned for improving teaching-upbringing work.     

中国劳动力市场人力资本对社会经济地位的影响

本文试图解释为什么在中国教育收益率不断提高的情况下,收入差距出现不断扩大的趋势。根据中国社会科学院社会学研究所在2008年进行的“中国社会状况综合调查”的数据,本文分析了以教育年份、技术水平和工作经验为表征的人力资本因素对劳动力市场上人们的经济社会地位的影响,这种经济社会地位是以收入水平和社会保障状况来界定的。根据对调查数据的分析,本文发现,不同的社会阶层,教育收益率是有很大差异的,但这种差异主要是受人力资本因素的影响,而社会保障状况的差异则主要是受户籍等制度因素的影响。本文由此引申出的结论是,中国劳动力市场具有二元分割的特征,这种特征决定了劳动力市场上的社会分层机制。     

More than Two Decades of Changing Ethnic Attitudes in the Netherlands

This article uses data from three studies to examine changing reactions toward ethnic minority groups in the Netherlands (1979–2002). Using realistic conflict theory, Study 1 focuses on support for discrimination of immigrant groups in general. The findings indicate that this support is more widespread in times of high levels of immigration, when the unemployment level has recently risen strongly, and among cohorts that grew to maturity in times of large immigration waves or high unemployment rates. Studies 2 and 3 focus on changing feelings toward different ethnic out-groups in an ideological context (2001–2004) marked by a shift from multiculturalism toward assimilation. Study 2 showed that the shift toward assimilation negatively affected Dutch participants' feelings toward Islamic outgroups, but not to other minority groups. Study 3 used an experimental design, and the results showed that ethnic attitudes are more negative in an assimilation compared to a multicultural context. It is concluded that the structural and ideological social context is important for understanding people's changing reactions .     

运用小组工作方法帮助初中偏差行为生的理论与实践探索

本文对偏差行为生的界定、特征、形成原因进行了梳理,在综合分析初中偏差行为生的特质、当前对偏差行为生教育理念、教育方法不足之处及小组工作方法介入的优势的基础上认为小组工作方法是帮助初中偏差行为生成长的一种有效方法。然后,文章从小组工作方法的介入要点出发,结合实际工作经验对一个初中偏差行为生的小组进行分析并从中总结经验,探讨小组工作在帮助初中偏差行为生的具体操作模式。     

论学校社会工作视角下的高校思想政治教育工作

随着改革开放以来我国社会变迁速度的加快,传统的高校思想政治教育工作越来越暴露出不合时宜的缺陷,这为学校社会工作介入高校学生工作提供了良好的契机。高校导入学校社会工作,可有效整合各方面资源,从整体上构建高校育人平台,极大程度地保证大学生获得优质服务和良好的育人环境。     

浅议学校社会工作视角下大学生思想政治教育工作

社会的发展使传统的大学生思想政治教育工作模式已逐渐不能适应和满足学生的需求。学校社会工作理念的引入,尤其是个案、小组工作方法在大学生思想政治教育工作实践中的运用可以有效促进资源整合,保证学生获得＂以人为本＂优质服务,赋予了大学生思想政治教育新的内涵,有效地帮助大学生解决各种困难和实际问题。并有助于开创大学生思想政治教育工作的新局面。     

The Changing Nature and Context of Social Work Research

Summary Social work research is constantly diversifying and expandingand this article explores its changing nature; including changesto epistemology and practice; and the critical influence ofthe wider economic, political, theoretical and practice changesoccurring to social work itself. The author discusses a numberof issues facing social work research: the enduring conflictsof ways of knowing, doing and valuing social work research;the role of practitioners as researchers; and the challengeto empower service users as self-determining researchers.     

Self-Reported Ageism in Social Work Practitioners and Students

In this study, we focus on self-reported ageism in college students and social service providers using the Relating to Older People Evaluation (ROPE; Cherry & Palmore, 2008 Cherry, K. E. and Palmore, E. B. 2008. Relating to Older People Evaluation (ROPE): A measure of self–reported ageism. Educational Gerontology, 34: 849–861. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). The ROPE is a 20-item questionnaire that measures positive and negative ageist behaviors that people engage in during everyday life. Participants included undergraduate and graduate social work students and practicing social service providers in the nursing home and mental health setting. Findings indicate that people of varying educational backgrounds and occupational experience in social services readily admit to positive ageist behaviors. Item analyses revealed similarities and differences between groups in the most and least frequent forms of ageism endorsed. Ageism as a social phenomenon with implications related to social work policy and practice is discussed.     

学校社会工作在高校学生工作中的介入探析

随着社会的进步和高校改革的进一步深入,大学生群体出现了许多新情况新问题,传统的学生工作系统不能及时对此做出回应,很难满足大学生的个别化的需要。社会工作在我国已经有了20余年的发展,已经积累了相关的研究和实践,在高校学生工作中引入学校社会工作的时机日渐成熟。     

灾区学校恢复重建与学校社会工作的有效介入——以重庆工商大学社工团队赴广元市嘉陵一中志愿服务为个案

地震灾区学校的恢复重建是眼前一项重要而紧迫的任务,学校社工的专业优势能够为灾区学校提供有品质的服务,促进灾后学校重建与发展。灾后学校社工志愿服务项目实施具有开创性和探索性,确保项目的服务品质,对于促进中国社会工作事业的发展具有极其深远的意义。文章以参与直接服务的经验,以被援助学校的工作实务为个案,探索有效介入灾后希望学校开展学校社工志愿服务和确保服务品质的方法。     

Use of Groups in School Social Work: Group Work and Group Processes

ABSTRACT

A survey of 54 school social workers indicated that they use group work extensively in their practice to address a number of student issues. Cognitive-behavioral theories were most commonly used to guide these groups. Workers rarely identified the use of small group theory as a conceptual framework. Groups were less frequent at the secondary level, and sessions were longer. Family change groups were more common at the elementary level. The method of funding the social work position had no effect on kinds or numbers of groups school social workers facilitated. Respondents did not identify use of small group theory as a conceptual framework, but they addressed group dynamics and group developmental stages. They used activities extensively and adapted published curriculum to meet member needs.