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1.
How important is homeland education for refugees’ economic position in The Netherlands? 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
We use data on refugees admitted to The Netherlands that include registration of education in their homeland by immigration
officers. Such data are seldom available. We investigate the quality and reliability of the registrations and then use them
to assess effects on refugees’ economic position during the first 5 years after arrival. The most remarkable finding is the
absence of returns to higher education.
相似文献
Aslan ZorluEmail: |
2.
Ann Morning 《Population research and policy review》2008,27(2):239-272
Academic interest in official systems of racial and ethnic classification has grown in recent years, but most research on
such census categories has been limited to small case studies or regional surveys. In contrast, this article analyzes a uniquely
global data set compiled by the United Nations Statistical Division to survey the approaches to ethnic enumeration taken in
141 countries. The motives for this analysis combine theoretical, applied, and policy objectives. I find that 63% of the national
censuses studied incorporate some form of ethnic enumeration, but their question and answer formats vary along several dimensions
that betray diverse conceptualizations of ethnicity (for example, as “race” or “nationality”). Moreover, these formats follow
notably regional patterns. Nonetheless, the variety of approaches can be grouped into a basic taxonomy of ethnic classification
approaches, suggesting greater commonality in worldwide manifestations of the ethnicity concept than some have recognized.
相似文献
Ann MorningEmail: |
3.
Jungmin Lee 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(4):855-875
This study estimates the trade-off between child quantity and quality by exploiting exogenous variation in fertility under
son preferences. Under son preferences, both sibling size and fertility timing are determined depending on the first child’s
gender, which is random as long as parents do not abort girls at their first childbearing. For the sample South Korean households,
I find strong evidence of unobserved heterogeneity in preferences for child quantity and quality across households. The trade-off
is not as strong as observed cross-sectional relationships would suggest. However, even after controlling for unobserved heterogeneity,
a greater number of siblings have adverse effects on per-child investment in education, in particular, when fertility is high.
相似文献
Jungmin LeeEmail: |
4.
There has been a rich debate in development studies on combining research methods in recent years. We explore the particular
challenges and opportunities surrounding mixed methods approaches to childhood well-being. We argue that there are additional
layers of complexity due to the distinctiveness of children’s experiences of deprivation or ill-being. This paper is structured
as follows. Sections 2 and 3 discuss the nature of mixed methods approaches and tensions. Sections 4 and 5 apply these debates
to researching childhood well-being in particular, in both Northern and Southern contexts. Section 6 concludes and discusses
future work.
相似文献
Andy Sumner (Corresponding author)Email: |
5.
The changing nature of wage inequality 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Thomas Lemieux 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):21-48
The paper reviews recent developments in the literature on wage inequality with a particular focus on why inequality growth
has been particularly concentrated in the top end of the wage distribution over the last 15 years. Several possible institutional
and demand-side explanations are discussed for the secular growth in wage inequality in the United States and other advanced
industrialized countries.
相似文献
Thomas LemieuxEmail: |
6.
Education,Human Development and Quality of Life: Measurement Issues and Implications for India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. R. Narayana 《Social indicators research》2009,90(2):279-293
This paper analyses and compares the measurement of indicators and variables in the construction of education index in Human
Development Index (HDI) at the global, national and 18 sub-national human development reports in India since 1990. The results
show non-comparability of measurement of the education indicators and variables. This implies that vertical and horizontal
comparability of HDI may not be plausible for India. Implications of these analyses are highlighted for measurement of quality
of life indices with special reference to physical quality of life index. Policy lessons are derived for future measurement
of education index for India in particular, and other developing countries in general.
相似文献
M. R. NarayanaEmail: |
7.
Two major educational expansions in Taiwan have resulted in a remarkable improvement of human capital accumulation for the
last three decades, which is consistent with the long-run goal of education in improving individual well-being and international
competitiveness. This study focuses on the expansion of higher education starting from the late 1980s. As the number of higher-educated
workers entering the labor market each year has increased rapidly, this higher education expansion policy has encountered
some critiques from the public. Evidence shows that the incidence of over-educated workers in the labor market has been continuously
increasing after the expansion, which is considered to be a short-run problem from the policy. We also find that the overall
educational inequality drops sharply, which is mainly contributed by the within age group component after decomposing educational
inequality using the decomposable Theil index. Along with a larger increase in average schooling for women, a larger reduction
in educational inequality for women than for men implies women have benefited more than men from the policy and the educational
inequality between men and women is narrowing.
相似文献
Chun-Hung A. LinEmail: |
8.
Nathanael T. Lauster 《Population research and policy review》2006,25(4):329-351
Familistic and individualistic theories both provide explanations for recent declines in family household formation. Securing access to housing plays a key role in new household formation for both these theories. Familistic theories hypothesize a positive relationship between access to housing and new family household formation. Individualistic theories hypothesize a positive relationship between access to housing and nonfamily household formation. Here I test these hypotheses in Sweden by modeling leaving home for family and nonfamily household formation using the Swedish Family Survey and supplemental housing data. I find significant support for the familistic notion that greater access to housing increases the likelihood of family household formation. I fail to find support for the individualistic theory.
相似文献
Nathanael T. LausterEmail: Phone: +1-765-655-9169 |
9.
Melania Calestani 《Social indicators research》2009,90(1):141-153
This paper addresses my understanding of well-being as harmonious relations in the city of El Alto, Bolivia. My approach shows
the complexity of issues emerging when dealing with social relations. First of all, I analyse a specific case study showing
the moral obligation involved among household members. Then I attempt to provide an insight into other aspects of social life
to realise that the same degree of moral duty can be found when people participate in religious festivities or social protests.
Collaboration, unity and co-operation often coexist with conflicts and moral obligation. The paper argues that this picture
of complex coexistence is rather different from the substantive freedom described by Sen (Development as freedom. Oxford University Press, 1999) in his capability approach. By taking Sen’s theoretical framework as a point of departure
for this investigation, it aims to emphasise the value of ethnography and other qualitative methods to the study of well-being.
In the field of well-being, social interaction may greatly affect people’s capabilities to choose the lives they have reason
to value, obliging them to follow certain models based on shared values and preferences. The paper contributes to debates
on this specific issue, trying to shed light on the picture emerging when engaging with ethnographic research.
相似文献
Melania CalestaniEmail: |
10.
Birth order matters: the effect of family size and birth order on educational attainment 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
Using the British Household Panel Survey, we investigate if family size and birth order affect children’s subsequent educational
attainment. Theory suggests a trade-off between child quantity and “quality” and that siblings are unlikely to receive equal
shares of parental resources devoted to children’s education. We construct a new birth order index that effectively purges
family size from birth order and use this to test if siblings are assigned equal shares in the family’s educational resources.
We find that the shares are decreasing with birth order. Ceteris paribus, children from larger families have less education,
and the family size effect does not vanish when we control for birth order. These findings are robust to numerous specification
checks.
相似文献
Hiau Joo KeeEmail: |
11.
Kristen Harknett 《Population research and policy review》2009,28(3):347-365
Among a recent birth cohort in U.S. cities, young children were far more likely to be diagnosed with asthma and to experience
an asthma-related emergency if their parents were unmarried. Using longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing
Study, I find that the child health benefits of marriage seem to stem from the benefits of parental coresidence and the demographic
and socioeconomic correlates of marriage. Children whose parents live apart appear to be at heightened risk of asthma even
after taking into account demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. The child health benefits of marriage are only weakly
related to mothers’ health behaviors and are not related to father involvement. An analysis of relationship transitions suggests
that marital disruption may be more harmful for children than the disruption of cohabiting unions. The results provide some
cautions and considerations for the U.S. government’s Healthy Marriage Initiative.
相似文献
Kristen HarknettEmail: |
12.
Growth and inequality: a demographic explanation 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Kazutoshi Miyazawa 《Journal of population economics》2006,19(3):559-578
This paper investigates the relationship between growth and inequality from a demographic point of view. In an extended model of the accidental bequest with endogenous fertility, we analyze the effects of a decrease in old-age mortality rate on the equilibrium growth rate as well as on the income distribution. We show that the relationship between growth and inequality is at first positive and then may be negative in the process of population aging. The results are consistent with the empirical evidence in some developed countries.
相似文献
Kazutoshi MiyazawaEmail: |
13.
Maria Gutiérrez-Domènech 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(1):83-110
This paper investigates how education and the labour market affect Spanish individual decisions on the timing of marriage
and births, using a Cox hazard approach. It disentangles men and women, and two groups, Cohort 1945–1960 and Cohort 1961–1977.
Results show that female employment delays marriage in Cohort 1945–1960, but it has a reverse effect in Cohort 1961–1977.
We also find evidence that employment is a barrier for family formation since employed women postpone births in both cohorts.
The precarious Spanish labour markets, captured by female unemployment rates, delay family formation, especially by putting
off marriage. Male unemployment, at the individual level, impacts negatively on fertility only through delaying marriage.
相似文献
Maria Gutiérrez-DomènechEmail: |
14.
Anna Piil Damm 《Journal of population economics》2009,22(1):145-174
This paper exploits a Danish spatial dispersal policy on refugees, which can be regarded as a natural experiment to investigate
the influence of regional factors on recent immigrants’ location choices. The main push factors are lack of co-nationals and
immigrants. Additional push factors are lack of rental, including social, housing and lack of institutions for qualifying
education, which explain why recent immigrants are attracted to large cities. Finally, placed refugees tend to leave locations
with relatively high regional unemployment, and there is indirect evidence of welfare seeking.
相似文献
Anna Piil DammEmail: |
15.
This study reviewed three philosophical accounts of happiness, and then tested those accounts with the Asiabarometer surveys
conducted in six Confucian societies during the summer of 2006. Statistical analyses of these surveys reveal that East Asians
tend to experience happiness to a greater extent when they experience enjoyment together with achievement and/or satisfaction.
The preponderance of such multi-dimensional conceptions in all those societies poses a direct challenge to a single dimensional
account of happiness in the West. The analyses also reveal that positive assessments of interpersonal relationships matter
more than the amount of knowledge or wealth in living a happy life in Confucian societies.
相似文献
Doh Chull Shin (Corresponding author)Email: |
Takashi InoguchiEmail: |
16.
Minorities such as ethnic and immigration groups have often been subject to exclusion through labor market discrimination, residential and employment segregation policies, business ownership regulations, restrictions on political participation, access to public services, and more. This paper studies the dynamics of minority exclusion. From the viewpoint of the dominant majority, the exclusion decision balances the motive to redistribute income in its favor and the interest in avoiding potential civic unrest or even violent confrontation with the minority. The analysis also has implications for immigration policies, suggesting that they have to take this group dynamics into account.
相似文献
Maurice SchiffEmail: |
17.
Sílvio Rendon 《Journal of population economics》2007,20(3):669-686
In this paper, I measure the contribution of knowing Catalan to finding a job in Catalonia. In the early 1980s, a drastic
language policy change (normalització) promoted the learning and use of Catalan in Catalonia and managed to reverse the falling trend of its relative use vs Castilian
(Spanish). Using census data for 1991 and 1996, I estimate a significant positive Catalan premium: the probability of being
employed increases between 3 and 5 percentage points if individuals know how to read and speak Catalan; it increases between
2 and 6 percentage points for writing Catalan.
相似文献
Sílvio RendonEmail: |
18.
Midori Wakabayashi 《Journal of population economics》2008,21(4):983-1005
In this paper, I examine, using Japanese cross-section data, whether “the retirement consumption puzzle” exists, and if so,
why. My results show that both the anticipated consumption during retirement of working households and the actual consumption
during retirement of retired households are much lower than the actual consumption before retirement of working households.
I find that the anticipated decline in consumption after retirement is due primarily to the anticipated decline in family
size after retirement, but that it might also be due partly to other factors. These results suggest that consumption does
indeed decline after retirement, but that this decline is largely due to factors that are consistent with the life cycle hypothesis.
相似文献
Midori WakabayashiEmail: |
19.
The struggle over migration policy 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
We analyze the endogenous determination of migration quota, viewing it as an outcome of a two-stage political struggle between two interest groups: those in favor and those against the proposed migration quota. First, we compare the proposed policies of the two interest groups under random behavior of the government, with and without lobbying. We examine the effect of the status quo and government intervention in the proposal of the quota on its nature, assuming that, with and without government intervention, the uncertain approval of the proposal is the outcome of a lobbying contest between the two interest groups.
相似文献
Shmuel NitzanEmail: Fax: +972-3-5353180 |
20.
This paper estimates the impact of a recent expansion in Canadian paid family leave from 25 to 50 weeks on maternal employment
and transfer income. It finds the expansion coincided with increases in transfers to mothers of children age zero to one relative
to mothers of children age three to four, and with decreases in returns to work in the year after birth. These changes were
concentrated among economically advantaged groups of women, defined by marital status, education, and non-wage income. Despite
these changes, there was no evidence of a decrease in returns to work or relative employment for mothers of children age one.
相似文献
Maria HanrattyEmail: |