„Empathie“ in Täter-Opfer-Verhältnissen — Konsequenzen für die psychotherapeutische Praxis

The empathy ability and the willingness of violent delinquents (rapist, sexual abuser and physical injuries authors) especially for the suffering of their victims is investigated. Several groups of violent delinquents are differentiated: The mental ill, the criminal and the empathy and pity reluctant. The indexed treatment possibilities for each group are presented. The most adequate cognitive-behavioural group treatment is sketched and illustrated with practical experience. “Empathy”, “sensibility” and related notions are not so clearly defined in the scientific discussions which leads to a missing general consensus. Therefore, it seems important and useful to make some basic reflections about these notions, in relation with the offender-victim dynamic in violent crimes and the professional dealing with violent delinquents, and that, before closer investigating, in the second section, some chosen offendervictim relations referring to the empathy and drawing conclusions for dealing with violent delinquents. At the end, practical experiences concerning the work with sexual child abusers are described.     

Klassenführung und Gruppendynamik in der Grundschule – Eine empirische Untersuchung zur Popularität und Trivialität von Klassenführung

Teacher surveys indicate continued intense discipline problems in elementary school classes. What can you do about it? As the teacher behavior has a strong relationship with active cooperation and misbehavior of students, a skillful group or classroom management of the teacher for an undisturbed instruction is important. However evidence suggests that some in the research literature as particularly relevant documented behaviors hardly appear in teachers’ subjective theories of reducing discipline problems. It is therefore presumed that the level of awareness regarding these insights is low in elementary schools and that it is difficult for teachers to recognize their extraordinary relevance solely by teaching practice. The present study tests this hypothesis on a sample of 101 elementary school teachers. The potentially far-reaching implications of the results are discussed.     

Management und Teilzeit? – Eine empirische Analyse zur Verbreitung von Teilzeitarbeit unter Managerinnen und Managern in Europa

Part-time work helps organizations to ensure flexibility and allows employees to combine work and family duties. However, despite their desire to work reduced hours, many individuals work full-time – particularly those in leadership positions. This article therefore examines which factors contribute to the use of part-time work among managers. By analysing a data set that combines individual-level data from the European Labor Force Survey (2009) with country-level information from various sources, we identify the circumstances under which managers reduce their working hours and the factors that explain the variations in part-time work among managers in Europe. Our multi-level analyses show that normative expectations and cultural facts rather than legal regulations can explain these cross-national differences.     

„Unkündbar und nun?“ Lebensziel oder Schicksalsschlag – Chancen für eine faire Trennungskultur in der öffentlichen Verwaltung

Job security is seen as a very high value by employees regarding their professional objectives. Especially for employees in public service that secure professional status is one of their main reasons for working in public servance. Therefore, any dismissal may have severe negative effects on health of the employees and also negative effects on the image of the employer. From their perspective, an outplacement program could be an expedient element within the employee-life-cycle (recruiting—retention—exit/outplacement). A fair culture of separation in the organizational context in public sector which is accompanied by an outplacement program can give new perspectives to the employees and strengthen the image of the employer. An interview study with clients of an outplacement consultation will be mentioned. The participants were asked about their expectations and experiences with the consultation. Basically, the results clearly show that the consultant has a tremendous importance and is thus one of the most important success factors. If he or she meets the needs of the client, he or she works up the separation and promotes the confidence of his clients, nothing stands in the way of a successful consultation.     

Zwischen Säkularisierung und religiöser Reorganisation – Eine Analyse der Religiosität türkischer und polnischer Neuzuwanderer in Deutschland

This paper addresses the role of religion in the process of immigrant integration in Germany. Based on novel data (SCIP 2010/11) from a survey among new Polish and Turkish migrants, it particularly focuses on the impact of the migratory event upon religious participation and private religious practice as well as on early trends of changing religiosity in the receiving context. The study confirms, first of all, that both groups of newcomers experience a decrease in religious practices after the migratory event. This decrease is more pronounced among Muslim Turks than among Catholic Poles and more pertinent for worship attendance than for prayer, thus attesting to the relevance of religious opportunity structure. Secondly, it can be shown that among new Polish immigrants, religious decrease is more pronounced among individuals with stronger social ties to the secular German mainstream, while this is not the case for Turks. For them, thirdly, it seems that religious practices are being re-captured after the rather disruptive first couple of months in what may a called a process of religious re-organizations. These group-comparative findings attest to limits of classical assimilation theory and to the relevance of symbolic boundary dynamics. Overall, they underline that publicly visible religious diversity will remain a permanent feature of modern immigrant societies.     

Soziales Lernen – Angewandte Sozialpsychologie für Lernende und Lehrende in Schule und Universität

In this paper, two interdigitated current training projects will be presented. The presentation is to show that social psychological theories can be applied profitably for school development. The content is about social learning in school. Social learning is aimed at the acquisition of social and emotional skills. These skills are positively correlated with the cognitive development of students. Social skills need to be explicitly taught and practiced, especially if they were developed insufficiently in childhood. In the project Social Learning we examine what contents may include social learning. In the project Classroom Management we explore how these contents are best taught and this teaching can be taught. Insights of Social Psychology are introduced for each resulting different extracts of reality and their uses are discussed.     

Kommunikation in E-Learning-Veranstaltungen. Erfahrungen der Studierenden und ihre Präferenzen für Online- oder Face-to-Face-Kommunikation

Altogether, 2,196 students from 29 Austrian universities took part in an empirical investigation on learning and communication in e-learning courses. The students completed a questionnaire on their experiences in an actual e-learning course, on their perceived learning achievements, and their enjoyment of the course. Furthermore, they expressed their preferences for online or face-to-face communication. All in all, students were satisfied with their course. They did not prefer one communication setting over another. They preferred online-communication for the distribution of information but advocated face-to-face communication when joint learning and cooperation are important or when socio-emotional relations are to be developed. The results of the study advocate blended-learning designs and give recommendations for which communication purposes online and for which face-to-face settings are more adequate.     

Methodisch-kreative Klärung als Zugangsweg für eine Berufsorientierungs-Maßnahme – am Beispiel eines mehrmonatigen Kurses für junge Erwachsene: „Wer bin ich und wie zeige ich mich?“

The following presents a creative method that is a suitable way to achieve group-dynamic processes on an intense level within the range of adult education, which can be performed in a relatively short time. After a statement of objectives for the specific community-favorable action, the context is described and dealt in detail with the used method. A view of possible obstacles and challenges of the method will be given, followed by a concrete moderation. After presenting the result the conclusion will be drawn.     

Willentliches Vergessen – Voraussetzung für Flexibilität und Veränderungsfähigkeit in einer sich permanent verändernden Welt

Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) - Dieser Beitrag im Journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. stellt dar, wie willentliches...     

Warum werden Arbeiterkinder vom Studium an Universitäten abgelenkt? Eine empirische Überprüfung der „Ablenkungsthese“ von Müller und Pollak (2007) und ihrer Erweiterung durch Hillmert und Jacob (2003)

Why are the working- class children diverted from universities? In spite of the educational expansion, the decline of inequalities of educational opportunities in schools, and the institutional reforms in vocational training and university education, the access to tertiary education at university remains still remarkably unequal across social classes. In accordance with the ?diversion thesis‘ suggested by Müller and Pollak and extended by Hillmert and Jacob working class children are lead away from the direct path to university to non-academic education institutions because of both the impact of institutional structures of the educational systems on individuals‘ educational choices and the attractiveness of alternative education and training in non-academic areas. In order to investigate how does the diversion work the mechanisms of socially selective educational choices have to be analyzed from the perspective of rational action theory. For the empirical test of the theoretical approach data about school-leaves with the ?Abitur‘ (high school degree) in the East Germany federal state Saxony are employed. Subjective evaluation of the former educational performance, the expectation to be successful at university and the subjectively expected costs are the mechanisms mainly responsible that working class children more likely choose the vocational training than education at university. In particular, the subjectively expected success at university has the greatest impact on working class children‘s educational choices leading them away from the university.     

„Gekommen,um zu bleiben“ – eine Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen personen- und kontextbezogenen Faktoren und Studienerfolg in Studiengängen der öffentlichen Verwaltung

The present study aims to investigate impact factors on study success and turnover intentions for students from different fields of public administration and management. The empirical analysis focuses on interrelations between individual (e.?g., personality, achievement satisfaction, self-efficacy) and contextual factors (procedural justice, social integration) and general study satisfaction and the intention to leave the university. The sample consisted of N?=?147 students from police and general public administration. The results indicated that there is an empirical evidence for the relevance of realistic academic and job expectations, individal personality facets, as well as for perceived justice and social integration of the students related to the discipline. Regression models showed that the expected person-job-fit predicted aspects of study satisfaction and turnover intention. In addition, individual and contextual factors moderated the interrelation, however, differently for the evaluated disciplines. Implications for students and for the design of different study programs as well as for a target group oriented communication are discussed.     

Zur Bedeutung von mikropolitischer Kompetenz für den Aufstieg von Frauen in Führungspositionen – am Beispiel der Handlungsfelder Unternehmenskultur und Selbstdarstellung

The appropriation of micro-political competence affects the promotion of women into executive positions in a positive way. Evidence for this conclusion was found in the intervention study ??Micro-politics??. The study involved a research approach of Micro-politics-Coaching that was carried out on 30 female junior managers. As an introduction to the topic this contribution presents the Micro-political Competence Model (MCM) that was developed during the research project. The importance of micro-political competence for a successful carrier development is explained, based on the relevant action fields ??corporate culture?? and ??impression management??.The results of the research are made explicit by presenting two example cases of the coaching intervention study and by structuring the empirical evidence along the MCM. The conclusion clarifies why micro-political competence can be viewed as a partial area of carrier development competence and moreover provides implications for consultancy practice, for enterprises and for science.     

Keineswegs ein Märchen aus Tausend und einer Nacht – Replik auf Kai Arzheimers Kommentar zu meinem Aufsatz „Passt die Türkei zur EU und die EU zu Europa? Eine Mehrebenenanalyse auf der Basis der Europäischen Wertestudie“

Zusammenfassung   Die Ergebnisse meiner Studie zur Akzeptanz von EU-Grundprinzipien in der Türkei und in der EU sowie die gelieferten Erkl?rungsmodelle für Einstellungsunterschiede zweifelt Kai Arzheimer in diesem Heft an. Dass die Befunde, die auf Sekund?ranalysen der Europ?ischen Wertestudie beruhen, keinesfalls als „M?rchen“ abzutun sind, wie Arzheimer durch seine Fragestellung im Titel andeuten will, werde ich in meiner Antwort auf seinen Kommentar belegen. Vielmehr sind sie Hinweis darauf, dass es noch bedeutende Einstellungsdifferenzen zwischen der Türkei und der EU im Hinblick auf die Unterstützung von EU-Grundprinzipien wie Religionsfreiheit und Gleichberechtigung gibt, w?hrend gleichzeitig die türkische ?ffentlichkeit die Demokratie und das Prinzip der Rechtsstaatlichkeit unterstützt. In einem Mehrebenenmodell, das sowohl den kulturellen Kontext als auch den Modernisierungsgrad einbezieht, wurden die Gründe für eine eventuelle Sonderstellung der Türkei überprüft.

Harald W. Lederer: Migration und Integration in Zahlen. Ein Handbuch. Forum Migration 4, im Auftrag der Beauftragten der Bundesregierung für Ausländerfragen erstellt am Europäischen Forum für Migrationsstudien (efms)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Kulturen und Spiralen des „Eigentlich“. Hierarchisch gesteuerte Veränderungsprozesse am Beispiel nachgelagerter Dienststellen des österreichischen Bundesministeriums für Bildung

Amidst the current debates on education, in Austria the former academies of the compulsory and vocational teachers’ training shall be transformed to educational “colleges” or even “universities”. The Federal Ministry is driving this process top-down, first and foremost tackling the manifest structures. This gradually unsheathes a latent “culture of eigentlich” within the affected educational institutions. It turns out that this culture, which is functional for the system in dealing with ambiguous, contradictory, or even unattainable requirements, does not disappear, but that it rather absorbs and transforms the manifest demands “from top” in practice “at the bottom”. This again provokes hierarchical interventions top-down, and eventually leads to self-enforcing dynamics between manifest and latent structures, fuelling the spiralling process.