Counseling Men Confronted by Marital Separation

This research considers a counseling strategy for men facing the loss of their marital relationship. The researcher has found that such men are the focus of a significant part of the caseloads of counselors in the Family Court of Australia. At the time of separation these men see themselves as having little influence on their relationship continuing and they blame their wives and present as victims in an unfair system. They often are uneasy about participating in counseling. A counseling strategy using 'The Relationship Chart' process was investigated as a possible means of assisting such men to cope with such a major crisis in their lives. Ten men who had partictpated in this counseling process were followed up and their reactions and experiences of counseling are outlined and discussed in detail. Recommendations for further research into counseling men are presented.     

Research and Clinical Application of Marital Autopsy in Divorce Counseling

The psychological Autopsy (Weisman, 1969) has been used in analyzing deaths in the aged, and in suicides. A modification of the technique has been devised for use in analyzing the marriage and separation as an integral part of the Divorce Counseling Process. The five phases of this interview and investigation technique include: (1) The Pre-marriage, (2) The Course of the Marriage, (3) Dissolution Phase of the Marriage, (4) Preterminal Phase of Marriage, and (5) Post-marriage. Measures were devised and applied to outpatients in a large, urban, group psychiatric practice. Tests of significance (T-tests) were applied to samples of divorced, married and unmarried males and females that came to the practice over a two year period. Significant differences between divorced and the married and unmarried groups were found on four of the six measured variables studied for both males and females, (i.e. childhood environment, life change units, resources, number of years living independently and chronological age.) A case illustration is also presented here to show how the method may be applied in divorce counseling.     

Personality Similarity-Dissimilarity and Underlying Psychopathology in Couples Seeking Marital Counseling

Two hypotheses related to the conceptualization of marriage as an interaction relationship and marital dysfunction as interpersonal pathology were tested empirically. Thirty first-married couples asking specifically for marital counseling from a community counseling service were administered Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. Husband and wife inter-correlations on each of the 16 first order and 2 second order factors were derived. Male and female mean sten scores on Neuroticism and Psychoticism were also derived. Data analysis revealed support for the second but not the first hypothesis.     

Stimulus-Modeling (SM) Videotape for Marital Counseling: Method and Application*

The development of a classification system for analysis of specific verbal marital communications utilizing videotaped Stimulus-Modeling procedures is described. This instrument is applied to a study measuring the relative effects of modeling, modeling plus videotape feedback, and verbal counseling procedures on 30 couples seen in marital counseling. The Stimulus-Modeling (SM) tape portrays both functional and dysfunctional marital communicational patterns. Findings reveal that specific marital verbal behaviors can be operationalized and reliably measured. When these behaviors are depicted through modeling procedures and combined with videotape feedback, they are effective in changing specific problematic verbal behaviors. The results indicate the need to combine modern technology with modeling procedures in marital counseling.     

Suggestions for Training Students in Using the Internet for Career Counseling

The Internet is increasingly important for career counseling; however, there are few suggestions for training graduate counseling students how to use this technology. This project sought to address that lack by having graduate counseling students use a structured interview with undergraduate volunteer clients to assess which needs could be met using the Internet. Graduate students then identified relevant Web sites and explored these in a meeting with the volunteer clients. Results of class surveys indicated that participants encountered few obstacles using the Internet and perceived this intervention to be useful. Implications for training graduate students in using the Internet for career counseling are discussed.     

The Assertion of Identity in Rural Sociology

Abstract Rural sociology has been closely tied to the research and policy agendas of America's land grant colleges and universities. Because of this, the contributions of rural sociologists have been more applied and focused than those of the discipline as a whole. The Rural Sociological Society serves as an important venue that unifies the discipline. Phenomenologically speaking, we are who we are because of where we are.     

Marital Satisfaction and Marital Stability*

This exploration of the relationship between marital satisfaction and marital stability utilizes the social-psychological schema of Thibaut and Kelley (1959). Marital satisfaction is viewed as a function of the comparison between one's marital expectations and one's marital outcome. Marital stability is viewed as a function of the comparison between one's best available marital alternative and one's marital outcome. Hence, marital satisfaction and marital stability can differ. Implications of this view for both researcher and clinician are discussed.     

Financial Problems and the Significance of Financial Counseling to the Practice and Profession of Marital and Family Therapy

No abstract available for this article.     

Marital Type and the Marital Relationship

No abstract available for this article.     

Marital Separation

In an effort to evaluate a procedure designed to learn more about clinical and demographic aspects of marital separation, a telephone survey of 2,001 households in Boulder, Colorado, was conducted. The procedure reached a representative sample of the population and provided valuable information regarding the current prevalence of marital separation, as well as its incidence, duration, and modes of resolution. The likelihood of any married couple experiencing a separation was found to be nearly 5 percent in one year. The risk of separation appears to be far higher among the young than the old. Most terminated separations, after lasting about one year, end in divorce. Implications for marriage and divorce counseling, for community intervention programs, and for additional research are indicated.     

Marital conflict

During 1968, a centre for the treatment of autistic children was established in Perth, Western Australia, under the administration of the Mental Health Services. It was named in honour of Dr. Mildred Creak, whose authoritative contribution to the study of autism and her invaluable assistance in establishing this centre is thereby recognized.     

Cybercounseling Online: The Development of a University-Based Training Program for E-mail Counseling

ABSTRACT

The development of a university-based cybercounseling certificate program through the continuing education department of a graduate faculty of social work is described. This web-based program consists of two levels: introductory and advanced, and offers experienced face-to-face counselors training in an asynchronous, e-mail form of cybercounseling. Ethical issues such as cross-jurisdictional concerns, client appropriateness, and counselor insurance are discussed. A system developed to provide online e-mail security through web-based access and encryption is highlighted. Several techniques for e-mail counseling such as presence, and spacing and pacing are discussed and illustrated. Demographics of learners and feedback from graduates are presented and lessons learned are discussed.     

Career Counseling Is Personal Counseling

Despite many changes that have occurred in the field of career counseling, counselors continue to rely on models of counseling that emphasize the rational, informational aspects of career decision making. The author argues that career counselors need to pay more attention to the affective, psychological issues confronting clients with career problems. The impact of significant psychological variables that influence career decision making are discussed: developmental stages and tasks, identity formation and status, self-concept, psychological needs, and internal barriers.     

Relation of Type and Amount of Training to Career Counseling Self‐Efficacy in Italy

This study examined the relation of self‐efficacy to length and type of training in a sample of Italian career counselors. Findings indicated that amount of career counseling training was positively related to counselors' self‐efficacy regarding their abilities to conceptualize vocational problems, deal with career indecision concerns, and provide educational counseling. In addition, counselors who had participated in an in‐service training course that focused on social cognitive/learning theories reported stronger self‐efficacy regarding their skills at vocational problem conceptualization and at educational counseling than did those who received more eclectic training.     

Self Actualization in Marital Enrichment

The study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Pairing Enrichment Program (PEP), a marriage enrichment program, in enhancing self-actualization. Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) was administered to an experimental group of married couples immediately prior to participating in PEP. A waiting list control group completed the POI at the same time. Three weeks later, following the completion of PEP for the experimental group, the POI was again administered to both groups. An analysis of co-variance was performed to test the effects of gender, group, and the interaction of these two factors on change in self-actualization (Post-POI minus Pre-POI), adjusting for six co-variables: Education of each, age of each, number of years married, and number of children. The results indicated that 1) being husband or wife had no significant effect on one's level of self-actualization, and that 2) the change in level of self-actualization was significantly greater (Positive Direction) for PEP participants than for non-PEP participants on the "I" and "C" scales of the POI     

Resistance in Marital Therapy*

This paper offers a conceptual approach as well as examples of resistance to marital therapy. It is aimed at beginning marital clinicians to provide an understanding of the natural existence of resistance to therapeutic change. A model which conceptualizes resistance based on two divergent emotions is presented. This model can aid the clinician in assessing each individual's willingness to improve throughout the process of therapy. The examples of marital resistance may aid clinicians to be more aware of the forms which resistance can take.     

Integrating a Multicultural Perspective Into Training for Career Counseling: Programmatic and Individual Interventions

Preparing students to provide competent career counseling to multicuturally diverse clients requires a systematic and integrated effort by training programs. This article discusses the essential components in a comprehensive, programmatic commitment to multiculturalism, and offers suggestions for enhancing multicultural sensitivity and competence in individual trainees. The definition of multicultural diversity used in this article includes issues in addition to race and ethnicity (e.g., gender, sexual orientation, age, socioeconomic status, and physical disability) and recognizes the diversity of counseling trainees.     

Marital group therapy

This article offers a model for community mental health centers of how to respond to additional service requests for marital counseling.