如何应对文化旅游业对文物保护的挑战

文化旅游可以增强广大人民群众对传统历史文化的了解和认知,是一种新兴的热门旅游项目,对于开阔眼界、增强人民爱国主义热情有着重要的意义.但客观上来看文化旅游是一把双刃剑.文化旅游一方面增加人们对传统历史精华的了解,一方面对于文物的长期留存和保护构成威胁.中笔者立足于文化旅游的角度,通过分析文化旅游的意义、问题,来谈谈合理应对文化旅游业对文物保护挑战的措施方略.     

基于共生理论的青藏地区入境旅游区域合作研究

因为区域背景和旅游区域合作的共生环境,青藏地区旅游在本质上存在一种共生关系.本文从共生概念和旅游共生关系的内涵入手,研究了青藏地区旅游区域合作的可能性与必要性.通过对青藏地区入境旅游流的季节性、旅游收入、转移态、经济联系强度的定量计算,分析了旅游区域合作的共生条件,进一步说明了青藏地区跨行政区域旅游合作的可行性.     

旅游开发与乡村社会发展---南丹甘河白裤瑶新村旅游开发启示录

南丹甘河白裤瑶新村参与式旅游开发,是一次具有深远影响的尝试,更是一项具有现实意义和理论价值的课题研究,通过旅游开发的实践工作,探索广西少数民族乡村开发旅游,促进乡村社会发展的成功经验,分析目前少数民族乡村旅游开发存在的问题和缺陷,寻找少数民族乡村旅游开发的有效途径.     

旅游冲击下的梯田景观变迁与可持续发展思考——以龙胜龙脊景区为例

通过构造包含民族文化观念的最优化决策模型分析发现,旅游通过两种方式导致梯田景观发生变迁,一是旅游与梯田农业争夺资源,导致梯田资源投入不足,梯田耕种方式被迫发生变迁。二是旅游破坏了传统民族文化观念,导致梯田景观维护和发展的机制遭到破坏。通过加大基础设施建设,增加资源供给,适当限制游客数量,减少旅游资源过度消耗,能够减轻旅游对梯田农业资源的争夺,理顺分配机制能够减轻旅游对维系梯田景观的生态文化的冲击,从而促进梯田农业的可持续发展。     

如何应对文化旅游业对文物保护的挑战

文化旅游可以增强广大人民群众对传统历史文化的了解和认知,是一种新兴的热门旅游项目,对于开阔眼界、增强人民爱国主义热情有着重要的意义。但客观上来看文化旅游是一把双刃剑。文化旅游一方面增加人们对传统历史精华的了解,一方面对于文物的长期留存和保护构成威胁。中笔者立足于文化旅游的角度,通过分析文化旅游的意义、问题,来谈谈合理应对文化旅游业对文物保护挑战的措施方略。     

旅游吸引物的符号化研究

从符号学的理论视角出发,文章结合国内外旅游吸引物研究的成果,探讨了旅游吸引物的符号化问题.通过纵览旅游吸引物研究的概况,具体讨论了符号学理论在旅游吸引物研究中的借鉴、旅游吸引物符号化的手段和方法,以及旅游吸引物符号化的背景和条件3个基本问题.研究认为:符号学理论和方法的介入,不仅极大地深化了旅游吸引物研究的内容和范围,同时也拓展了旅游研究的深度和文化视野.在国内旅游学术研究整体缺乏一种文化研究的理论工具,且旅游学科理论体系较为薄弱的背景下,符号学理论和方法在旅游研究中的运用是值得期待的,其也需要国内学者给予更多的关注和探索.     

近二十年我国民族村寨文化旅游研究进展评析

民族村寨文化旅游是民族文化旅游的一种特殊形式,是发展民族地区经济和复兴民族传统文化的重要途径.通过对近二十年来民族村寨文化旅游研究成果的收集和整理,文章从民族村寨文化旅游的原真性、民族村寨文化旅游带来的影响、民族村寨文化保护与旅游开发的模式以及民族村寨文化旅游利益相关者等四个方面展示了民族村寨文化旅游研究进展;同时,还从理论体系建设、跨学科比较研究、民族志的写作范式、研究范围以及学术服务社会等方面对民族村寨文化旅游研究进行了反思与展望.     

湖南民族旅游演艺观察

正关于民族旅游演艺,学界尚无精准定论,但有共识的是,民族旅游演艺一般是指在剧场、景区、主题公园甚至露天等演出场所,通过传统歌舞、现代高科技等各种表演形式,以游客为演出对象,以展示民族文化为主要内容的表演、演出活动。这种新的文艺演出方式,是一种将传统的演艺文化与当代旅游目的地的民族文化有机结合后的一种新兴文化产品。它可以使旅游市场对旅游目的地的民俗文化资源成功利用和转化,使得旅游目的地的文化产业化发展     

巴东“旅途”:风光不与旧时同——恩施土家族苗族自治州第一个国家5A级旅游景区诞生的台前幕后

国家旅游景观质量等级评定委员会日前公布了新一批验收通过的国家5A级旅游景区名单,恩施土家族苗族自治州巴东神农溪纤夫文化旅游区位列其中。至此,恩施州诞生了第一个国家5A级旅游景区。     

森林旅游产品的可持续开发对策研究

森林旅游产品是森林旅游的基础,森林旅游产品的合理决策和开发是森林旅游可持续发展的重要保障,研究森林旅游产品的开发对实现森林旅游的可持续发展意义重大。本文通过分析我国森林旅游产品开发的现状和存在的问题,结合当今旅游业发展的新趋势,对我国森林旅游产品可持续开发的指导思想、开发原则和开发对策提出了一些可行性建议。     

环北部湾经济圈少数民族文化的开发与保护

环北部湾经济圈具有瑰丽多彩的少数民族文化资源,这些资源的开发是环北部湾经济圈发展的重要内容之一。本文就环北部湾经济圈内壮、瑶、京、黎等少数民族文化资源的旅游开发与保护,以及少数民族旅游品牌的构建、区域旅游合作等问题进行探讨。     

少数民族特色村寨开发村民受益机制研究——以西江千户苗寨为例

西江千户苗寨是近几年来迅速崛起的旅游村寨,"西江模式"已经逐渐成为贵州乡村旅游的榜样,其旅游开发村民受益机制对贫困地区民族村寨的旅游开发具有一定的借鉴意义。本文在实地调研考察、走访相关部门以及对村民进行问卷调查的基础上,对其做了细致的统计分析,并对旅游开发中最突出的村民受益问题提出了相应的对策和建议。     

西部民族地区旅游生态补偿政策实施的实践探索

The ethnic regions of Western Chi￣na are rich in ecological and cultural tourism re￣sources. At the same time, the regions are also ec￣ologically vulnerable areas with large populations of ethnic groups who have lived for a long time in poverty. Based on years’ investigation, it is obvi￣ous that tourism development, even though it can promote local economic development, has had a significant negative impact on the ecology, envi￣ronment and local communities. During the 18 th and 17 th National Congresses of the Communist Pary of China, a policy was announced to improve ecological compensation and accelerate the estab￣lishment of an ecological compensation mecha￣nism. So far, both government and academia have mainly focused on the effects and necessities of building a mechanism for ecological compensation. Of special concern, even if governments at all lev￣els sequentially enacted a series of policie with cer￣tain characteristics of ecological compensation, the public is still questioning the impartiality and legit￣imacy of the charges of such policy of ecological compensation. Thus, the task of implementing the ecological compensation policy faces many obsta￣cles. At present, the core research issue on eco￣logical compensation is no longer just the question of why it should be charged. This question was al￣ready clearly stated in official documents from cen￣tral government. Up to now, the core issues that need clarification are:in practice, how the charge be made; what amount of money should be charged;how will the revenue from the charge be used;how will the revenue derived from the charge be audited; and whether or not this charge can help to achieve government objectives in such a way.
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy￣ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi￣cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi￣bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im￣partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus￣try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi￣cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research￣ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in￣dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al￣though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in￣dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu￣ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen￣sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri￣cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over￣seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re￣search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de￣fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec￣ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re￣gions of Western China, and by especially empha￣sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu￣tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti￣tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic￣tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop￣ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization.     

扶贫视阈下甘孜州县域旅游产业竞争力研究

Tourism is the pillar industry of Ganzi Prefecture, and it is of great practical signif-icance to the study of the competitiveness of county-level tourism industry in Ganzi Prefecture. This paper constructs an indicator system of evaluating competitiveness of the county tourism industry from four dimensions, including the development of the tourism industry, the development of related indus-tries, the economic environment and transport con-ditions. The paper studies the competitiveness of the county tourism industry of Ganzi prefecture in 2013 via the entropy method, and then analyzes the differences and shortcomings of the county’s ca-pability to alleviate poverty through tourism. The results show that, first of all, the various counties’ capability to alleviate poverty through tourism in Ganzi is obviously different from each other: the eastern counties are relatively strong in this area, the northern counties are somewhere in the middle, and the southern counties struggle. Secondly, the development of tourism and related industries has a great impact on the competitiveness of the county tourism industry, and that the counties generally have shortcomings in their transport conditions. Thirdly, the restricting factors on the competitive-ness of the county tourism industry are complicat-ed, and the strategy of tourism development should be formulated with regard to these issues. Based on this situation, this article proposes the following suggestions: 1 ) Various counties in Ganzi prefecture should strengthen their research into and promotion of poverty alleviation through tourism, accelerate the development of their basic infrastructure, and improve the transport condi-tions;2 ) the counties in the east of the prefecture should increase investment into transportation, op-timize their industrial structure, and promote the development of the tertiary service sector; 3 ) the counties in the north should develop their own po-tential, strengthen economic construction, improve GDP per capita, and promote the service industry, including restaurants and hotels; 4 ) The counties in the south should pay attention to the publicizing and construction of their own brand of tourism, im-proving their brand awareness and popularity. In summary, Ganzi prefecture should take poverty alleviation as a chance to innovate a meth-od for poverty alleviation, paying special attention to poverty alleviation through tourism, improving relevant policies, and promoting the tourism indus-try of its counties.     

西南边疆少数民族小城镇旅游开发过程中意象及其构成要素研究

少数民族小城镇的旅游开发成绩斐然,但在旅游目的地意象建构方面仍重视不足。为了探讨西南边疆少数民族小城镇旅游目的地的意象特征,本文选取了广西三江县城为案例,在城市意象理论的基础上,对该城镇意象及其构成要素进行了具体分析,为其他西南边疆少数民族小城镇在旅游开发过程中如何进行城镇意象的塑造提供了有益的借鉴。     

西方旅游人类学研究述评

旅游人类学研究在西方历经 4 0年的发展 ,形成了多种理论、观点 ,积累了一定的研究成果。学者们从目的地社会、游客以及客源地社会等不同视角出发 ,分别形成旅游是一种涵化和发展的形式、旅游是一种现代世俗仪式、旅游是一种上层建筑等不同观点。本文试从这三个不同视角入手 ,对西方旅游人类学研究的发展作一简要述评 ,希望对刚刚起步的国内旅游人类学研究能有一点借鉴作用     

基于TEF模型的青海省旅游业可持续发展评价

将旅游者生态足迹用于地区旅游业可持续发展评价的出发点,是把地区的旅游生态承载力作为可持续发展的根本制约因素,探讨与旅游活动相关的生态消费水平与地区生态供给能力之间的关系,以此确定地区旅游业发展的可持续性.本文以青海省作为研究对象,在对其2000～2007年旅游者生态足迹进行计算的基础上,评价了青海旅游业发展的可持续性,并在可能改善的领域进行分析,探讨促进与改善青海省旅游业可持续性的途径.     

吉林省萨满文化旅游开发研究

长白山是世界萨满文化发源地的母源地之一,吉林省具有世界上保留相对完整、内容比较丰富的萨满文化遗存,有着较高的旅游开发价值.文章通过对吉林省萨满文化旅游开发的必要性和可行性进行分析,在总结现阶段吉林省萨满文化旅游开发存在问题的基础上,提出了萨满文化旅游开发的具体对策.     

民族地区旅游企业上市问题综合探讨

随着旅游经济的蓬勃兴起,民族地区的旅游经济也获得了快速发展,但在低碳经济、循环经济的大背景下,各地都把推进旅游产业升级,促进旅游新型业态建设作为当地旅游经济更快发展的主要工作任务来抓的关键时刻,对于经济落后、缺乏大量旅游发展基金、存在五大隐忧的民族地区,如何才能做到这一点呢?方法只有一个,那就是加快旅游企业上市。     

文化边缘地带旅游业的发展选择

本文通过对文化边缘地带发展旅游业的基础环境特质性分析 ,以及旅游业发展与民族文化互动关系的研究 ,探讨了旅游业发展的自我制衡性规律和内在演化机理 ,提出了关于文化边缘地带旅游业发展所应肩负的文化传承与发展使命 ;对解决文化边缘地带旅游产业化进程中的文化保护与发展从理论与实践两个方面进行了探讨 ;强调了保持文化的多元性是文化边缘地带旅游业可持续发展的必然选择。