Importance of job analysis with functional capacity matching in medical case management: A physician's perspective

Medical case management of musculoskeletal injuries can be facilitated when objective testing of the physical demands of the job can be compared to the functional capabilities of the individual. When the job analysis is appropriately sectioned into the separate physical demands, the physician can use information about specific job demands to maximize the likelihood of a safe return to regular duties. The response in the physical abilities in the worker can then be again functionally evaluated, leading to increased confidence in the process.     

Review of shaken baby syndrome

1. Shaken baby syndrome can lead to substantial neuropsychological deficits that can alter children's normal developmental course. 2. Clinical acumen can be critical in identifying shaken baby syndrome and preventing further difficulties. 3. Education and treatment for caregivers can be important in reducing the likelihood of shaken baby syndrome.     

Networks of action and events over time. A multilevel discrete-time event history model for longitudinal network data

Longitudinal network data recording the moment at which ties appear, change, or disappear are increasingly available. Event history models can be used to analyze the dynamics of time-stamped network data. This paper adapts the discrete-time event history model to social network data. A discrete-time event history model can easily incorporate a multilevel design and time-varying covariates. A multilevel design is needed to account for dependencies among ties and vertices, which should not be ignored in a small longitudinal network. Time-varying covariates are required to analyze network effects, that is, the impact of previous ties. In addition, a discrete-time event history model handles constraints on who can act or who can be acted upon in a straightforward way. The model can be estimated with multilevel logistic regression analysis, which is illustrated by an application to book reviews, so network evolution can be analyzed with a fairly standard statistical tool.     

Inefficiencies on linking decisions

It has recently been shown that by linking collective decisions the incentive costs can become negligible and, at the limit, ex ante efficiency can be achieved. In a voting situation this implies that the agents’ intensity of preferences can be taken into account even in the absence of monetary transfers. Rather than considering a limiting result we want to analyse what can be achieved while we consider a finite number of linked decisions. We first characterise the set of implementable mechanisms and show that ex ante efficiency can never be achieved. We then proceed to relax the efficiency requirement and prove that, even when we just require unanimity, the mechanism cannot be sensitive to the agents’ intensity of preference when the domain of preferences is unrestricted.     

Elder Abuse and Neglect vs. Parricide: A Letter From Russia

In Russia, elder abuse is rarely discussed in the professional literature and the media. However, it is posited that parricide can be considered a form of elder abuse in Russia, as the line between elder abuse and parricide can be vague. Instances of parricide can appear trivial, hardly realized as such by victims and the social environment. Borderline cases can include involving older people in binge drinking, denying them help, and manipulating them to commit suicide. The perpetrators are often nonpsychotic, although sometimes exhibiting abnormal personality traits. Anger toward the victim can be absent on the part of the perpetrator, with their actions often driven by economic desires. A concluding point is that for better prevention of parricide and, therefore, elder abuse, it should not be considered only an unusual horrific crime committed by the mentally ill.     

Asylanten auf der Saualm

The following article deals with the question of how socio-political questions such as integration and asylum policy can be processed within a self-organised project and which concomitances, irritations and difficulties may be encountered; it is exemplified through a regionally based case study. The basic assumption is that topics which are relevant to current social political topics require processes which can function across systems. These processes must be sensitively steered, have a concrete application and involve structures of self-organisation. The authors outline how self-initiated projects can be supported professionally and how accompanying phenomena need to be taken up and considered as well in order to ensure that they can at least be partially steered. At the same time the authors look at social and emotional influences, including both emotions which determine the actors’ capacity to act within the project and emotions which must be considered as “environment” outside the project. The article draws analytical distinctions in order to make the complexity of the topic comprehensible. However, in actual practice all these topics interweave continuously and must be balanced accordingly.     

文化创意产业推动城市创新驱动和转型发展

发展文化创意产业,从战略意义上看,有助于推进文化强国的建设;从城市发展实际看,将加快城市实现"创新驱动,转型发展"。文化创意产业发展有3条可行性路径:一是旧区改造,城市更新;二是资源开发,文化演绎;三是建立旗舰项目,实现综合运作。文化创意产业的渗透融合特性将有效地促进产业的创新:传统产业融入文化创意可附加更多的文化内涵;产品设计融入文化创意可实现产品的价值创新;产品营销融入文化创意可拓展产品的市场;传统产业可运用创意思维实现产业创新;以科技与文化融合发展文化创意产业。     

The Function of History in an Americanism Program

This article discusses how local history can be used by teachers to help develop historical thinking skills such as source analysis, the collection of data, and the creation of historical arguments. Using New York City as a case study, this article argues that urban spaces and local communities provide historical evidence that can be read and analyzed. It uses different streets, buildings, and neighborhoods from New York City to show how historical conclusions can be drawn from those resources. It also discusses instructional ideas that teachers can develop in their classrooms.     

Using Refugee Stories in Social Work Education

ABSTRACT

Facilitating the adjustment of refugees can be a challenging task for social workers because these involuntary migrants are often both culturally different and psychologically traumatized. Powerful stories about the refugee experience can, therefore, be valuable tools in the preparation of social workers. They can be used to build background knowledge, because they document the experiences of refugees and the sociopsychological effects of those experiences. They can also be used to complement and illustrate theory and are especially valuable, because they permit us to see the receiving country and its agencies from a refugee perspective. Last, they can effectively raise issues for discussion and/or further investigation. This pedagogical potential is illustrated by reference to eight short stories, one biography and a collection of first-person narratives.     

Videodisc Development for Human Service Professions

Summary

Videodiscs have excellent capacity for storing slides, motion pictures, graphics, or text. Through advanced laser applications, videodisc information and motion pictures can simulate human interaction, allowing the viewer to “interact” in human crisis situations simulated in video. Video presentations can be stopped by the viewer, who can select among alternatives the outcome of actions on the screen. A video screen “teacher” can be programmed to discuss simulations with the viewer. The benefit of this “human dimension” possibility in computer-assisted instruction is the critical ingredient which can be of major interest to human service professionals. Appropriate learning programs need to be made available on videodisc equipment to make a major improvement in the education and continuing education for both human service professionals and their clients. In universities with a spirit of interdepartmental cooperation, there is potential for faculty in social work, education, and psychology to bring together their resources to produce quality videodiscs for use in preservice and inservice programs. Videodiscs for human service professions have been successfully produced by the Colle e of Education and Human Service Professions at the Unlversity o lb' Minnesota, Duluth. Suggestions are reported in this article on how videodiscs can be produced for use in human services.     

Computer Use in Psychometric Assessment

The expansion of computer technology has created many possibilities for computer applications in the area of psychological testing and assessment. Test taking, scoring, and report writing can all be done with the assistance of computer technology. Although applying new technology in psychometric assessment can reduce costs to agencies and clients, make better use of professional time, and assist in delivering better services to clients, there are also some potential problems that need to be considered. This article evaluates the ways that computers can be used in psychometric assessment, points out the benefits of such use, and considers problems tha may be encountered with these uses.     

EADS - Ergonomics Affinity Design System

The Ergonomics Affinity Design System (EADS) is a systematic problem-solving tool used to analyze and solve ergonomics issues. The basis of EADS is the identification and ranking of affinities or relationships that exist among the factors that influence job performance in the workplace. The five-step system can be applied to the workplace at varying levels of complexity based on need. It can be used at the design phase or in a redesign/modification application. Applicable for use in any work environment, the system can be an important part of the overall ergonomics process.     

Graphical models for causation, and the identification problem

This article (which is mainly expository) sets up graphical models for causation, having a bit less than the usual complement of hypothetical counterfactuals. Assuming the invariance of error distributions may be essential for causal inference, but the errors themselves need not be invariant. Graphs can be interpreted using conditional distributions, so that we can better address connections between the mathematical framework and causality in the world. The identification problem is posed in terms of conditionals. As will be seen, causal relationships cannot be inferred from a data set by running regressions unless there is substantial prior knowledge about the mechanisms that generated the data. There are few successful applications of graphical models, mainly because few causal pathways can be excluded on a priori grounds. The invariance conditions themselves remain to be assessed.     

Preholiday grief. Facing it alone.

These strategies for coping with the holidays following a loss can be shared not only in a group format such as a preholiday workshop, but also on a one-to-one basis by caring health professionals. To be effective in promoting adaptation to loss, it is vital that health-care professionals heighten their awareness of the needs and reactions of the grieving person. Their sensitivity to the anxiety and pain that can accompany the holiday season must increase. Only when awareness and sensitivity increase will there be an increase in the development of effective bereavement outreach programs. Through such programs the bereaved can experience positive encounters with caring professionals who can help them establish a new sense of hope, purpose, and renewed self-esteem.     

What if gender became an essential,standard element of Vulnerability Assessments?

Vulnerability Assessments (VAs) can be useful tools for providing key insights for non-government organisations and other development actors, including governments. Not only can they provide an extensive, ‘landscape-wide’ understanding of vulnerability and its underlying causes in a specific context, but this understanding can be jointly owned by all participants. They can thus be used for designing risk reduction and resilience-building measures, programmes, or projects that affect specific groups within a community or the landscape. Beyond that, VAs can provide a platform that promotes interaction among otherwise disconnected stakeholders, as well as the evidence and argumentation for community groups to engage in advocacy with local and municipal/district authorities. This article draws on our combined experience as development practitioners, and considers what we have learnt about the importance of integrating gender issues into VAs.     

A Narrative Approach to Groups

This paper considers the ways that narratives can be used in groups to create meaning, organize the past, explain the present and consider alternatives for the future. Narratives are formats for self-creation; they can also be used to provide support or education, promote self-understanding and interpersonal effectiveness. Already familiar in self-help groups and reminiscence groups for the elderly, narrative approaches can be useful in many other formats. In this paper I discuss ways of eliciting narratives, understanding their meaning from many perspectives and using them to promote growth and healing in groups. The group leader's role is reconfigured into that of participant observer and manager of the group process. It is up to the leader to provide a context in which multiple accounts can emerge for consideration.     

Measurement and reliability of nonverbal behavior

This review synthesizes data on the reliability of nonverbal behaviors, classified according to kinesics, proxemics, haptics, vocalics, turn-taking behaviors, and global assessments, across a wide range of studies. The purpose of the review was (1) to determine which nonverbal behaviors within each classification can be measured reliably and (2) to determine which codes/classifications can be reliably measured. It was found that: (1) most nonverbal behaviors within each classification, except vocalics, can be measured reliably (.80+), (2) the codes themselves, when considered in aggregate form, can be measured reliably (.80+) when using the median as the best estimate. Several qualifications and recommendations for future research are suggested.     

越人性格刍议

越国在春秋晚期称霸,其奋斗历程充分彰显了越人鲜明的民族性格。通过文献的梳理,可以总结出越人具有隐忍成事、尚武敢死、性脆而愚等性格特征。如深入探讨可总结出越人更丰富的性格特点。     

Nichtregierungsorganisationen – die unbekannten Wesen?

First, the definition of NGOs in relation to the state, the oeconomics and the civil society will be worked out. Then also the difference between a Non-profit-organisation and a Non-governmental-organization is discussed. Central for NGOs is the requirement for political change. NGOs work mostly on multiple levels. The connexion and cooperation between the different territorial levels is the key for the comprehension, which advantage in the generation of know-ledge and transformation NGOs can reach. NGOs can be understand as a modern form of global care, where local and global problems, which are marginalized in the politics, can be linked, analysed and forced for change. At least, NGOs plays a central role in the politicial socialisation of people. Essential for the engagement is the experience, that people can effect something with their engagement. This experience is a bigger motivation for an engagement than information. NGOs can enable people to the experience, that they can effect something.