非自愿移民、搬迁方式与能力损失

本文关注的是搬迁过程中非自愿移民可持续发展能力的损失。文章基于2007年8-9月对湖北省丹江口市、郧县和河南省淅川县24个乡镇3145户库区居民的抽样调查,实证分析发现．库区居民的可持续发展能力对于他们的经济水平和经济地位的提高有着显著的作用,这一作用对于非自愿移民群体也同样适用,不过非自愿移民群体在搬迁过程中其可持续发展能力发生了损失,能力损失的多少与移民搬迁的距离和安置的分散程度成正比。对于财富积累的影响,多次搬迁的移民能力损失最为严重：就阶层认同来说,分散外迁的移民能力损失则最多。     

西北地区农村妇女素质与开发扶贫移民的关系——以甘肃省玉门移民点调查为例

鉴于妇女在扶贫开发中的特殊性,本文拟以2004年甘肃省河西玉门移民点的调查为依据,对农村妇女自身素质与开发移民之间的关系进行统计描述.结果表明,移民妇女的文化素质、身体素质和心理素质对迁移的成功都有不同程度的影响;同时,异地开发对贫困地区的妇女素质也有促进作用.文章最后建议在扶贫开发中要为移民妇女自身的发展提供良好的环境.     

中国非自愿移民研究的回顾与分析——基于CSSCI（1998—2008）的研究

运用CSSCI数据库检索,得到1998至2008年间在中国非自愿移民研究领域111篇研究论文。通过对111篇文章从社会调查方法的使用情况、学科分类、基金论文数量、作者及作者机构、高频被引论文情况、研究热点主题六个方面进行分析．了解中国非自愿移民研究现状。     

Explaining Poverty: On the Structural Constraints of Income Mobility

Social Indicators Research -     

城镇贫困的因素分析及反贫困政策建议

文章主要以浙江省城镇贫困的实证分析为例,探讨城镇反贫困的有效政策。作者测定了近两年的浙江省城镇居民收入贫困线和有关贫困指数、1997年以来相对贫困的变动轨迹、低保规模和标准,分析了影响浙江省城镇贫困的若干原因,在此基础上提出了城镇反贫困的若干政策建议。     

Population,Reproductive Health and Poverty Alleviation in China

~~Population,Reproductive Health and Poverty Alleviation in China     

Multidimensionl Poverty and The Role of Social Capital in Poverty Alleviation Among Ethnic Groups in Rural Vietnam: A Multilevel Analysis

This paper empirically examines the disparities over time across six dimensions of poverty (monetary, education, health, housing, basic services, and durable assets) between ethnic minority and majority households in rural Vietnam. Using the five-wave panel data of the Vietnam Access to Resources Household Survey (VARHS) 2008–2016, we observe improvements in most non-monetary dimensions of poverty for both ethnic groups, while the monetary dimension shows the highest degrees of deprivation and the lowest rate of decrease during the studied period. Health is the only dimension in which ethnic minority households are not only better off than those of majority households during the studied period, but also report improvement. We further explore the role of social capital in ethnic minorities and non-minorities at household and community levels in multiple dimensions of poverty by employing multilevel models. Our study reports the significant effects social capital have at the community level on reducing poverty in the monetary, education, housing, and basic services dimensions for ethnic minorities, while social capital at the household level shows significant effects on monetary, basic services, and durable assets. These findings indicate that policy makers ought to consider the role of social capital when designing poverty alleviation strategies for the country.

     

Structural Change and the Aggregate Poverty Rate

This paper measures the extent to which recent increases in the aggregate poverty rate are attributable to the changing distribution of employment across industries. We decompose the total poverty rate change over the 1976-1983 period into components attributable to changes in employment shares and changes in the incidence of poverty within industries. Our results show that the poverty rate increase resulted primarily from the decline in employment rates in general and from increases in the incidence of poverty within all industries, rather than from the shift of employment opportunities between sectors. The growth of service sector employment in particular has not contributed to the increased incidence of poverty in the United States.     

文旅融合型乡村旅游精准扶贫模式研究--以广东林寨古村落为例

为了实现“十三五”期末全国贫困人口全面脱贫的目标,乡村扶贫任务艰巨。尤其是具有自然、文化类旅游资源丰富的贫困乡村,如广东省林寨古村落的乡村旅游扶贫模式,实现了本地文化资源与旅游要素的深度融合,全面提升了乡村扶贫的经济、社会、文化等效应,增强乡村的自我“造血”功能,进一步推进新农村和美丽乡村建设。     

市场转型、社会资本与城市居民的贫困缓解：以广州和兰州的贫困居民为例

使用广州和兰州的实证数据,在对贫困居民的社会资本测量的基础上,对贫困居民所拥有的各种资本包括社会资本、人力资本和传统体制资本与贫困居民的贫困缓解关系进行探讨。结果表明,个体的社会资本对居民的贫困缓解具有显著意义,但是人力资本、体制资本对个体生活机遇建构无显著意义。文后对市场转型论进行回应,并对城市贫困居民主要资本类型作用的制度环境进行了解释与讨论。     

Population and Poverty in Classical Theory: Testing a Structural Model for India

There has for many years been debate over the relationships between population growth rates and poverty. India is a country which provides a good testing ground for hypotheses about this relationship because since Independence a relatively high proportion of the population have lived in poverty; and there also exist reasonable data. This paper develops a simple structural model to investigate the relationship between population growth and poverty in particular, testing a series of hypotheses developed from the work of Marx and Malthus. The data are analysed at state level, and attention is drawn to the problems that this might cause as behaviour is typically determined at the individual household level. The results show that agricultural productivity and the process of landlessness are better predictors of poverty at a state level than the population growth rate. It is argued that the results fit better with the views of Marx than those of Malthus.     

西北民族地区扶贫开发实践的调查与浅析--以甘南藏族自治州为例

近些年,西北民族地区的扶贫开发工作取得了阶段性成效,但扶贫工作仍然任重道远。甘南藏族自治州是西北少数民族聚居区的一个典型代表。通过对甘南州进行了实地调研,首先将甘南州进行区域划分,分为农区、半农半牧区、牧区三个大区,然后对每个区域扶贫开发的现状和存在的问题进行深入分析,并针对性地提出对策和建议,以期有效地解决甘南州贫困人口的脱贫问题,同时为其他民族地区的扶贫开发提供借鉴。     

美国NFP项目及对我国生育救助及扶贫的启示

NFP项目是一种为首次怀孕的低收入家庭提供妇幼保健服务的护士-家庭合作项目。本文研究了NFP项目的具体运作过程,包括申请资格、低收入家庭能够获得的福利内容以及项目的具体实施效果。此外,还通过对比我国相关的生育救助及扶贫制度,提出了学习和借鉴美国NFP项目,结合生育救助和扶贫,从物质和知识等方面对贫困家庭展开全面有效的救助。