围绕探索和回答三大基本问题形成的系统完整的科学理论体系

建设和发展中国特色社会主义,最根本的是要清醒认识和科学回答三大基本问题:什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义,建设什么样的党、怎样建设党,实现什么样的发展、怎样发展。对这三大基本问题的认识程度和把握程度,决定着中国特色社会主义实践和理论的创新程度、丰富程度、深刻程度。中国特色社会主义理论体系     

把握新时代中国特色社会主义的行动指南

<正>习近平总书记在党的十九大上所作的题为《决胜全面建成小康社会夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利》的报告(以下简称"党的十九大报告")中,明确提出了中国特色社会主义进入新时代这一重大理论判断,并在这一基础上阐释了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的时代背景、精神实质、科学内涵、实践要求、理论地位等重大问题,创造性地回答了我们党新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国     

深刻理解把握习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想

<正>中国特色社会主义进入了新时代,这是党的十九大的一个重大判断。新时代需要新思想,需要从理论和实践的结合上回答国内外形势变化和我国各项事业发展所提出的重大时代课题,即新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义。围绕这一重大时代课题,我们党坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽     

科学发展观下的政绩观

树立正确的政绩观是始终坚持党的件质和宗旨、提高党的领导能力和执政水平、巩固党的执政地位、实现全面建设小康社会和贯彻科学发展观的内在诉求。树立正确政绩观要求我们首先要科学地回答什么是政绩、为谁创造政绩、怎样创造政绩、怎样看待和考核政绩等重大问题，正确的政绩观与科学的发展观、科学的人才观、科学的群众观一脉相承，是对我们党在新时期建设中国特色社会主义的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验的丰富和发展．集中体现了我们党对执政规律和社会主义建设规律在认识上的深化和升华。     

治国理政开辟新境界

<正>党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央,围绕改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军提出了一系列新理念新思想新战略新举措,从理论和实践的结合上,回答了什么是社会主义现代化强国、怎样建设社会主义现代化强国的基本问题,开拓了治国理政新境界,开创了中国特色社会主义事业新局面。一、开启中国发展新征程党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央,带领全国各族人民,沿着中国特色的社会主义道路,开启了新的征程。     

科学发展观是中国特色社会主义理论体系的最新成果

科学发展观是我们党坚持以邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想为指导,立足社会主义初级阶段基本同情.深入分析我陶发展的阶段性特征,总结我国发展实践,准确把握世界发展趋势.借鉴同外发展经验,适应新的发展要求提出来的.科学发展观站在历史和时代的高度,围绕中国特色社会主义这一主题,深刻回答了我国社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设和党的建设的一系列重大问题,是中国特色社会主义理论体系的重要创新成果.     

新时期党的建设理论的重大创新——制定与完善党的建设总体布局

"执政党是一个什么样的党、怎样建设执政党",这是改革开放以来,党的建设亟需解决和回答的重大理论与实践问题。十六大以来,以胡锦涛为总书记的党中央在继承和发展上述理论成果的基础上,着重总结和制定了"执政党建设的总体布局"。其中突出而鲜明的便是:把党的执政能力建设和先进性建设作为主线,全面推进党的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、制度建设和反腐倡廉建设。从而在前人回答了"执政党是一     

如何实现人生和工作的科学发展

党的十八大把科学发展观写在自己旗帜上,同时指出,科学发展观是马克思主义同当代中国实际和时代特征相结合的产物,是马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现,对新形势下实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大问题作出了新的科学回答,把我们对中国特色社会主义规律的认识提高到新的水平,开辟了当代中国马克思主义发展新境界.科学发展观是中国特色社会主义理论体系最新成果,是中国共产党集体智慧的结晶,是指导党和国家全部工作的强大思想武器,是党必须长期坚持的指导思想.     

新视野

作为中国共产党的执政理念,“三个代表”重要思想破除了长期束缚我们的一系列错误观念,进一步回答了关系党和国家发展的三个根本性问题,即什么是马克思主义、怎样对待马克思主义,什么是社会主义、在中国怎样建设社会主义,建设一个什么样的党、怎样建设党,作出了多方面的重大创新。“三个代表”重要思想特别强调马克思主义具有与时俱进的理论品质。我们不能把马克思主义等同于马克思、恩格斯和列宁的所有论述,马克思主义只是指其中那些“经过实践证明是科学的并对当代中国仍有指导意义的理论”,亦即普遍真理。只有用发展着的马克思主义,才能…     

“三个代表”:党实现第三次理论飞跃的重要标志

江泽民同志提出的“三个代表”重要思想,从适应时代发展的战略高度,精炼而科学地回答了在新的历史条件下“建设什么样的共产党,怎样建设共产党”这一重大现实课题。就像当年毛泽东通过科学回答和解决“什么是新民主主义革命,怎样完成新民主主义革命”,进而实现了马克思主义与中国革命相结合的第一次理论飞跃,邓小平通过科学回答和解决“什么是社会主义,怎样建设社会主义”,进而实现了马克思主义与     

Educational Landscapes and Urban Development. Contextual and Spatial Interfaces and Linkages

In the broad sociopolitical discussion on education quality within the last decade, it has become apparent that education is gaining importance for urban development, as well as space and the urban context are important dimensions of education. This becomes particularly evident in concepts for local educational landscapes (Ger. Bildungslandschaften). The young field of research on educational landscapes is currently lacking empirical research from spatial and planning sciences. In the paper, the current state of scientific research on educational landscapes in Germany and Europe and first insights to contextual and spatial interfaces and linkages between education and urban development in general are presented.     

Inventory Models with Continuous and Poisson Demands and Discounted and Average Costs

We develop a new, unified approach to treating continuous‐time stochastic inventory problems with both the average and discounted cost criteria. The approach involves the development of an adjusted discounted cycle cost formula, which has an appealing intuitive interpretation. We show for the first time that an (s, S) policy is optimal in the case of demand having a compound Poisson component as well as a constant rate component. Our demand structure simultaneously generalizes the classical EOQ model and the inventory models with Poisson demand, and we indicate the reasons why this task has been a difficult one. We do not require the surplus cost function to be convex or quasi‐convex as has been assumed in the literature. Finally, we show that the optimal s is unique, but we do not know if optimal S is unique.     

E-governance and Corruption-developments and Issues in Ethiopia

This paper reports the results of a survey of 400 respondents in Ethiopia about factors generating corruption and the potential of e-Governance to mitigate corruption. It is suggested that e-Governance can help not only in weeding out corruption but also in the establishment of sounder government citizen relationships in Ethiopia. While e-Governance cannot cure all the structural factors that breed corruption in the society, strategic implementation of e-Governance can help improve the critical variable in combating corruption-government citizen relationships. It is argued that while e-Governance initiatives can make important contributions to improving public services they can best do so by helping improve overall relationships between governments and citizens.

CEO and Chairperson characteristics and firm performance

This paper focuses on the relationship between Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chairperson characteristics and firm performance. Specifically, the study examines the association between the characteristics of the CEO and the Chairperson of the board and firm performance. Using a sample of S&P 500 firms, the evidence found suggests that demographic and experience-related characteristics may be associated with the market valuation and financial performance of the firm. In particular, the reported results indicate a positive relationship between the presence of female CEOs or Chairs and firm performance, thus suggesting that gender-based differences may affect the CEO’s/Chairperson’s success. Moreover, the findings concerning the age of the CEO or Chair are mixed, while their experience and quality appear positively related to firm performance. Interestingly, a CEO or Chairperson holding multiple board seats is negatively associated with firm performance, whereas CEO duality has a positive relationship with Tobin’s Q and the return on assets (ROA) of the firm.     

David and Goliath: causes and effects of coopetition between start-ups and corporates

Coopetition (collaboration between competitors) among young firms (i.e. start-ups) and larger, more established firms (i.e. corporates) may be beneficial for both partners as each party typically has something to offer that is missing in the other. Start-ups often develop innovative ideas, are flexible and agile, willing to take risks, and aspire to achieve high growth, but they tend to lack the required resources, capabilities, and knowledge due to their newness and smallness. Corporates have resources, routines, and experience that enable them to work efficiently but lack a certain innovation capability. Research has suggested that coopetition represents an opportunity for start-ups facing restrictions in resources, while corporates benefit from start-ups’ innovative ideas. However, it is yet unknown whether start-ups and corporates engage in coopetition with each other and, if so, how and why they do this. This study seeks to fill this void by exploring the motives of coopeting start-ups and corporates, how they manage their coopetitive relationship, and what implications occur including potential benefits and risks. We present a multiple case study based on qualitative data collected through 70 interviews with Austrian-based start-ups and corporates representing 35 coopetitive partnerships. Discussing the findings based on our data, we propose relationships concerning coopetition and its role to enlarge resource- and technology-bases as well as its role in the development of dynamic capabilities.     

Career orientations and career success among research,and development and engineering professionals

Managing the careers of research, development and engineering (RD&E) professionals is important to the strategic use of RD&E in the economy. Appropriate mechanisms for motivating RD&E professionals will probably emerge as a critical success factor for organizations that want to compete in world markets. This study examines dimensions and levels of career orientation and their correlations with individual and work-related outcome variables among 78 RD&E professionals. The findings reveal a rich diversity of career orientation in RD&E professionals. The data strongly suggest that RD&E professionals are service, lifestyle and security oriented. However, they scored low on technical orientation and entrepreneurship. This paper suggests that the dual career ladder is not an effective device for managing RD&E professionals. Organizations must be careful to provide career paths that retain and motivate workers and, more importantly, find matches between organizational needs and individuals' needs, and restructure jobs accordingly. The authors offer suggestions for future research and identify implications for management.     

Work and shopping overflow — Consequences and differentiation among selected psychological and demographic characteristics

Contemporary individuals are forced to deal with excessive stimulation, which causes an overload in the cognitive and emotional areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible factors differentiating the perceived level of work and shopping overflow experienced by individuals and consequences of these states. Two psychological variables: cognitive control and sensation seeking, are chosen as potential factors differentiating the perceived levels of overflow. We assume that individuals with high cognitive control and sensation seeking will report lower levels of both types of examined overflows. Experiencing low overflow levels may manifest in the search for additional stimuli, rather than in the desire to limit them. Two indexes of behavior connected to seeking extra stimulation are selected: one belonging to the area of consumer behavior (readiness to participate in the experience economy) and one belonging to vocational behavior (choosing a boundaryless career). The quantitative study is conducted on a sample of 297 management students who are currently employed. The research results support the relation between cognitive control and perceived level of work and shopping overflow. Individuals who can cognitively control the situation and the incoming stimuli report lower levels of overflow. No significant relationship between sensation seeking and the level of overflow is found. The demographic variables that influence the perceived overflow are age and salary for work overflow and age for shopping overflow. As far as consequences of overflow are concerned, a low level of shopping overflow is related to readiness to participate in the experience economy. However, there is no link between work overflow and preferred career pattern. The managerial implications for human resource management and marketing strategy design are discussed.     

Review and reappraisal of modelling and predicting mental workload in single- and multi-task environments

The concept of mental workload has long been recognized as an important factor in individual performance within complex systems. It is documented that either overload or underload may degrade performance, and further affect the efficiency of the whole system. Therefore, systems designers need some explicit models to predict the mental workload imposed on individuals by the system at an early design phase so that alternative system designs can be evaluated. In examining mental-workload literature, it is found that few predictive mental-workload models have considered factors specific to individuals. This research aims to develop a practical framework for predicting mental workload in both single- and multi-task environments considering such individual factors. In order to describe mental workload more precisely and more completely, a framework for mentalworkload definitions, which contains instantaneous workload, average workload, accumulated workload, peak workload and overall workload, is proposed. In order to model individual factors, two new variables, i.e. effective workload and ineffective workload, are introduced to model the taskgenerated workload and individual-generated workload. The extension of the model to multi-task environments is also discussed. The proposed conceptual models are domain-independent and could be used to guide the development of operational models for different specific tasks.