打造“湘西剿匪”文化品牌 实践“三个代表”重要思想

党的十六大把“三个代表”重要思想确立为我们党必须长期坚持的指导思想，这是十六大的灵魂，也是我们学习和贯彻十六大精神所必须牢牢抓住的中心环节。面对新世纪、新任务，我们抢抓机遇整合资源，以庆祝“湘西剿匪”胜利50周年为契机，全力打造“湘西剿匪”特色文化品牌，通过筹建“湘西剿匪胜利公园”和成功举办“湘西剿匪胜利50周年”纪念活动，实践了“三个代表”的要求。整合资源，弘扬了独具特色的先进文化湘西剿匪是发生在五十多年前的我国一个重大历史事件，也是我国解放战争中的一块重要里程碑。辰溪作为当年湘西匪患的重灾区，是…     

新疆在稳定和发展中前进

聚居在天山南北的新疆1400多万各族人民,在长期的斗争中,不仅感情上日益融洽,结下了深情厚谊,而且在思想认识上也不断深化,产生了新的飞跃。当前,新疆政治形势是稳定的,经济文化事业是发展的。其主要标志是: ——自1982年以来,连续8年开展“民族团结教育月”活动。坚持用马列主义民族观和党的民族政策武装各族干部和群众,使“汉族离不开少数民族,少数民族离不开汉族”的思想家喻户晓,深入人心,在全区各族人民群众之间形成一种互相学习、互相帮助、互相尊重、互相爱护的良好风气。民族团结的好人好事层出不穷,先     

兵团组建以来对新疆民族关系变迁的影响

兵团成立以来的实践证明,组建兵团推进了新疆民族关系发展。新形势下,分析中国共产党的这一边疆治理策略对新疆民族关系进程变迁发展的影响和作用,为今后贯彻好党的民族宗教政策,构建和谐新疆具有重要的现实意义。     

双语教育视角下少数民族预科教育研究——以新疆高校为例

高等学校的民族教育是党的民族政策的一项伟大举措,对新疆民族高等教育而言,预科教育是新疆高校重要的特色之一,其在新疆高等教育体系中的地位和作用,在大力推行双语教育的新形势下,也迎来了新的挑战与机遇.文中结合新疆民族高等教育的特点,对预科教育面临的新形势,遇到的新问题进行了较全面细致的研究,并提出了相应的革新策略、措施等.     

抗战时期中国共产党促进新疆各族民众中华民族认同的历史考察

近代以来,在国家危亡和边疆危机日益加深的背景下,新疆各族民众的中华民族共同体意识逐渐从自在走向自觉;特别是在抗日战争时期,新疆各族民众更是在思想上和行动中展现出对国家和中华民族的强烈认同。在新疆工作的中国共产党人,以建设和巩固抗日民族统一战线为抓手,通过改组抗日群众组织、构建抗日宣传话语体系、开展抗日教育活动等多种路径,创造性地将党的民族理论和民族政策与新疆抗日民族统一战线建设实践相结合。这不仅进一步激发了新疆各族民众中华民族共同体意识的主动性和自觉性,卓有成效地促进了新疆各族民众对中华民族共同体的认同,而且为马克思主义民族理论的中国化提供了新疆经验。这些对于全面认识和准确落实新时代党的治疆方略亦有一定的借鉴意义。     

民族区域自治的丰硕成果--新疆少数民族教育事业的发展

民族区域自治是中国共产党运用马克思列宁主义民族理论,结合中国实际情况解决中国民族问题的基本政策,也是国家的一项基本政治制度。民族区域自治的核心是民族自治权,它体现了各民族一律平等的原则和尊重各少数民族人民自主管理本民族内部事物的权利。新疆民族教育事业的发展和取得的巨大成就,就是党的民族区域自治制度在新疆实践的丰硕成果。     

让民族团结进步的春风吹遍祖国大地

党的十一届三中全会以来,我国各族人民坚持四项基本原則,坚持改革、开放、搞活的总方针,认真贯彻党的民族政策,大力发展经济、文化事业,形成了以贯彻民族政策、坚持民族团结进步为荣的良好社会风尚。在发展社会主义商品经济,实现共同繁荣的过程中,无论是汉族与少数民族,还是少数民族之间,涌现了许多互帮互学、共同致富的突出典型。我国的民族关系进一步得到了改善,民族团结进步的内容和形式也有了新的发展。1982年新疆     

论民族古籍与民族传统文化

论民族古籍与民族传统文化浩·巴岱新疆维吾尔自治区是我国多民族聚居的自治地方。新疆和平解放后，在中国共产党和中华人民共和国国务院的领导下，在我们党的民族区域自治政策的光辉照耀下，经过我区各族人民奋发图强、努力奋斗、使新疆的面貌发生了历史性的变化。我区维...     

为进一步加强各民族的团结共同建设新新疆而努力

新疆生产建设兵团在党中央和毛主席及自治区党委的正确领导下,在整个生产建设过程中,坚决贯彻执行了党的民族政策,全心全意为各民族人民服务,为各民族人民大办好事,从而增进了民族团结,密切了军民关系。十一年来,生产建设兵团依靠着全体成员的积极努力和新疆各民族人民的大力支援,使我们在生产建设上取得了巨大的成就。     

试论西北军政委员会甘南藏区访问团开展的民族工作

中华人民共和国成立初期,甘南地区的民族关系较为紧张,社会动荡不安。西北军政委员会甘南藏区访问团²宣传了新中国的民族政策,在很大程度上消除了当地民族之间的隔阂,疏通了不同民族和部落之间的关系,促进了匪患、“集兵事件”等问题的解决,为之后甘南地区的自治奠定了良好的社会基础。访问团形式是中国共产党在新中国成立初期有效开展民族工作的有效探索,取得了良好的成效。     

关于当前若干热点民族问题的理性分析

自西藏拉萨"3.14"和新疆乌鲁木齐"7.5"事件发生之后,一些学者在报刊上发表文章,提出了许多新观点,有的则对一些现行的民族政策和民族工作方法提出了质疑甚至否定。作者以一个长期在一线从事民族工作的实际工作者的身份对民族区域自治制度(政策)、"第二代民族政策"、民族问题去(非)政治化、少数民族优惠照顾政策、民族融合问题、推广使用普通话与保障少数民族使用本民族语言文字权利、少数民族是否是国家的包袱、加强宣传教育和切实贯彻落实国家民族政策等当前若干热点民族问题进行了理性思考和分析。     

我国民族教育政策体系探讨

民族教育政策体系是国家改革与发展民族教育所需要的最基本、最关键的教育政策范围与结构 ,它包括民族教育质量政策、民族教育管理体制政策、民族教育课程政策、民族教育经费政策、民族教育教师政策和民族教育学生政策等六个方面。这些民族教育政策又与国家民族政策中的民族文化政策、宗教政策、语言文字政策等相互支持、相互促进 ,形成了中国特色的民族教育政策体系。这一政策体系 ,经过民族教育政策长期变迁的实践证明是科学、正确和有效的 ;从理论依据来看 ,它同时兼顾了国家民族问题与国家教育问题两方面的价值取向     

民族关系的社会整合与民族政策的类型--民族政策国际经验分析(上)

本文试图对世界上不同国家在殖民主义兴起后不同历史时期所采取的不同类型的民族政策进行整体性描述和理论分析,从中探讨各种民族政策对民族关系与社会整合的影响,同时也试图总结当今世界各国政府为解决民族问题所做的理论探索与政策尝试的规律性特点.     

中国的民族问题与中国共产党--纪念中国共产党建党80周年

本文简要论述了中国共产党成立80年来认识和处理中国民族问题的理论和实践.作者认为,自中国共产党成立之日起,民族问题就受到了高度重视.80年来,中国共产党坚持将马克思主义与中国的实际相结合,经过不断的实践和探索,逐步摸清了中国的民族问题,特别是社会主义时期民族问题的一般规律,形成了科学的、系统的、具有中国特色的民族理论、政策体系,并进行了成功的实践.在21世纪,只要中国共产党针对新的实际继续不断地充实和完善自己的民族理论、政策体系,保持连续性和稳定性,并切实加以落实,中国的民族问题就会解决得越来越好.     

民国时期天山北麓东路城市多民族居民生活的变化

Although the Republican era of China did not last very long, it was a significant period in which China transformed from an agricul-tural to an industrial era, and from a traditional so-ciety to a modern one. During this period, not only did the politics and economics change dramatical-ly, but also the lives of urban residents. Although Xinjiang is located in the western frontier area of inland China, since the Qing dynasty, its politi-cal, economic and cultural connections with inland China gradually increased. Xinjiang is not an iso-lated region, it actually is located in the central ar-ea of Asia. So, its openness is very pronounced. Even though during the Republican era, inland China was gripped in the chaos of war, Xinjiang’s political, economic and cultural connections with the inland were never broken. Although sometimes the central government’s control in Xinjiang was not so strong, the central government’s policies had always impacted strongly on Xinjiang. In addition, due to the continuous migration of the inland popu-lation ( especially intellectuals, and political and military people) into urban areas, such as Dihua in Xinjiang during the Republic era of China, the politics, economics and culture of inland China had a big impact on the lives of Xinjiang urban res-idents. Moreover, Xijiang is neighbors with Rus-sia. Since the middle of the 19th century, Russia, whose industrialization and modernization occurred earlier and faster than China’s, often made political and military invasions, as well as cultural infiltra-tion, into Xinjiang. After the founding of the Sovi-et Union, its influence on the cities of Xijiang gradually increased. Especially during the period when Sheng Shicai managed Xinjiang, the influ-ence of the Soviet Union on Xinjiang was the stron-gest. In addition to political influence, economic and cultural influences became more pronounced, and numerous industrial and cultural products made in the Soviet Union were imported into Xin-jiang. This had a dramatic impact on the urban residents of Xinjiang. As a political, economic and cultural center of Xinjiang, Dihua was alive with many Russians who engaged in political, economic and cultural activities. Hence, their direct or indi-rect influence on the lives of Dihua residents was stronger than in other cities. At present, the research on Xinjiang during the Republican era of China mainly focuses on the political and economic domains , and less attention is paid to its urban life. However, the changes of modernization are not only reflected in the aspects of politics and economics, but also in the field of social life. Hence, to strengthen the research on the changes in social life in urban areas of Xinjiang during the Republican era of China is significant. The Republican era of China was an important pe-riod for Xinjiang society. Although if we compare it with the urban areas along the eastern coastal ar-ea of China, the impact of western culture on the lives of urban residents in Xinjiang during this pe-riod was not so strong, and the changes in social life also reflected multi - ethnic characteristics. The changes in urban life in Xinjiang were also an important part of the changes following China’s modernization. It reflected a both generalization and a diversity of the urban changes created by China’s modernization. In addition, one should note the impact of the changes in Xinjiang’s urban life during the Republican era on that of Xinjiang during the latter half of the 20th century. Thus, it is very necessary to conduct a research on the lives of Xinjiang’s urban residents during the Republican era of China. Xinjiang has been a multi-ethnic area since ancient times, a fact which contributes the ethnic diversity that characterizes the social life of Xin-jiang cities. During the Republican era, the mate-rial life of the various ethnic groups living in Xinjiang’s cities changed successively due to the impact of external cultures, and the wave of mod-ernization. However the changes to the material lives of the various ethnic groups were different. The content of material life is very broad. General-ly speaking, it comprises people’s daily life, inclu-ding clothing, food, shelter and transportation, all of which are regarded as basic essentials for peo-ple. In a period of scarcity of goods and materials, material life became the most important thing for most of the public. Hence, changes with regard to material life, to a large extent, is reflected in the changes in the social lives of urban residents. Generally speaking, compared with the situa-tion in the Qing dynasty, the clothing in Xinjiang cities such as Dihua exhibited a big change. How-ever , this change displayed multi-ethnic and diver-sified characteristics. Concerning the food culture of Dihua urban residents during the Republican era of China, it reflected more open, inclusive and mutually influential features. In other words, the existence of a diversified food culture and diverse development was an important characteristic of the time. Concerning shelter during this period, a big change in Dihua’s urban style was that some mod-ern buildings co-appeared alongside traditional style buildings, no matter whether it was in the pri-vate space or public space. Moreover, the trans-portation mechanisms also changed during this pe-riod. Roads for cars appeared in Dihua, which opened the gate for Xinjiang’s automobile age. During the Republican era of China, most ur-ban residents in Xijiang’s cities, such as Dihua, kept their traditional customs. However, there were also some changes due to the influence of ex-ternal cultures—these changes were presented as the characteristics of pluralism, diversity and a mixture of the old and new. Multiple ethnic groups concentrated in an area in the eastern zone line of the northern foot of Mount Tianshan. During the process of history, the different ethnic groups formed their own cultures and religious beliefs. In the Republican era of China, the various ethnic groups lived in harmony most of time, and the plu-ralism and inclusiveness of cultures gradually in-creased. Generally speaking, the lives and cus-toms of the Han in Xinjiang cities, such as Dihua during the Republican era of China, were almost same as those of the Han in inland China. On one hand, they kept many of their traditional customs;yet, on the other hand, they also gradually accept-ed some new ones from external cultures. The eth-nic minorities, such as the Uygur and Hui, were deeply influenced by Islamic religious culture. Their religious cultural life exhibited almost no change during the Republican era of China, and they, for the most part, maintained their tradi-tions. During this period, in keeping with the gradual consciousness of ethnic equality, although various ethnic groups kept their own traditions, and they did not reject each others’ traditions, and instead, there was some mutual exchanges among them. This made the urban culture more diversi-fied . Not only were the festivals of the Uyghur pop-ular among themselves, the Han were also invited to participate in them. Moreover, the Han’s festi-vals, especially the Spring Festival, Lantern Festi-val and others, were also gradually accepted by other ethnic groups, and, for example, the Uy-ghur, Hui, Mongolian and Kazakhs, and others all participated in these festivals. In the middle and latter period of the Republican era, the urban cul-ture of Xinjiang exhibited a sense of openness. Within the basis of maintaining their own ethnic cultural traditions, each ethnic group showed an opened attitude to new cultures, and, hence, ur-ban culture became more diversified and rich. During the time when agriculture was more dominant , traditional cities lacked of public cultur-al spaces. Hence, Buddhist monasteries, Taoist temples and mosques became the sites for organi-zing public cultural activities in the urban areas. Since modern times, the public cultural spaces in urban areas have experienced a great change. Parks, as a new mode of public space, began to appear successively in some important cities. At the end of the Republican era of China, the public cultural space of Dihua had been further expand-ed. In 1948, there were four such kind of public cultural sites in Dihua, such as Zhongshan Park, Hongyan Lake, Shuimo River, and Wulabai. In addition to these, the cinema also played a very important role in the new entertainment life of the urban residents of Dihua. In 1944, Dihua had three movie theaters which were run respectively by the government, a businessman and a Russian. Movies had a very direct impact on the residents’ vision and mind, especially on the youth. A new movie sometimes would change some people’s view of life or the rules of their behavior. In short, the Republican era was a dramatic period of change during which China transformed from a traditional agricultural society to a modern industrial one. Following the changes in politics, economics and culture, people’s material life and cultural life were also changed. Due to the vast territory, and uneven political and economic devel-opment of China, the changes differed in various regions. Xinjiang is a frontier area in western Chi-na. Its communication with the outside world was not so convenient. Hence, compared with the east-ern coastal region, the degree of change in Xin-jiang was lower, and the speed of change was also relatively slower. However, this kind of change ac-cumulated over several decades, so, with time, the changes also became very noticeable. Howev-er , due to the uneven regional development in Xin-jiang, the changes in some cities were slow while in some they were fast. Compared with other places of Xinjiang, the changes along the eastern line of the northern foot of Mount Tianshan, and taking Dihua as the center, were faster and more obvious in the Republican era. On one hand, Di-hua was more strongly influenced by the politics, economics and culture of inland China; and, on the other hand, Dihua was also influenced more di-rectly by the politics, economics and culture of the Soviet Union With the combined role played by the both sources, the material life of the urban resi-dents of Dihua, including clothing, food, shelter and transportation, as well as the customs, and cultural entertainments, changed dramatically. This change was not only similar to that of inland cities, but it also reflected regional characteristics of Xinjiang—the characteristics of ethnicity and di-versity wee more pronounced. In addition, com-pared with Tibet which is also in the western fron-tier of China, the changes brought by the urban modernization in Xinjiang was more dramatic. This was directly connected with Xinjiang’s geographical location, natural climatic conditions, as well as its political, economic and cultural development. Al-though Xinjiang lies in the western frontier of Chi-na, its transportation connections with inland Chi-na and the outside world were more convenient than those in Tibet. During the Republican era, the railways, highways and aviation routes devel-oped relatively well, the Xinjiang’s economic, and cultural connections with both inland China and the Soviet Union were also relatively close. In addi-tion, an important natural condition which also created good conditions for the opening up of Xin-jiang is that the elevation of most areas of Xinjiang is not high—the average elevation is around 1000 meters. Hence, the natural geographical conditions promoted a population flow between Xinjiang and inland China, as well as between Xinjiang and the Soviet Union. Moreover, after the settling of Xin-jiang province at the end of the Qing dynasty, the feeldings and unity with inland China were ensured from an institutional aspect. It was just under such kind of background that the lives of the urban resi-dents living in the eastern zone of the northern foot of Mount Tianshan experienced a dramatic change, and presented a characteristic of ethnic diversity, pluralism and mixture of old and new.     

多元文化主义与民族区域自治--民族政策国际经验分析(下)

本文试图对世界上不同国家在殖民主义兴起后不同历史时期所采取的不同类型的民族政策进行整体性描述和理论分析 ,从中探讨各种民族政策对民族关系与社会整合的影响 ,同时也试图总结当今世界各国政府为解决民族问题所作的理论探索与政策尝试的规律性特点。     

民族政策的传统模式与民族问题的现代性解决方案--民族政策国际经验分析(中)

本文试图对世界上不同国家在殖民主义兴起后不同历史时期所采取的不同类型的民族政策进行整体性描述和理论分析 ,从中探讨各种民族政策对民族关系与社会整合的影响 ,同时也试图总结当今世界各国政府为解决民族问题所做的理论探索与政策尝试的规律性特点     

从民间策略看新疆族群关系——以新疆焉耆为例

以民间策略为视角探讨新疆的族群关系,认为族群关系既有＂民族国家＂话语理解下的普遍性知识,也有来自民间处理族群关系的民间策略,还体现了一种＂生存智慧＂。我们在新疆各地进行的田野调查和文献整理中获取的资料表明,世代生活在新疆的各族人民在相互交流、接触中积累了丰富的民间策略,这些民间策略及原则至今在维护各族群的和谐关系还在发挥重要作用。     

新疆维汉民族关系的社会学研究

维吾尔族、汉族两个民族的关系是新疆各民族的相互关系中最有影响力的一对。近年此领域的社会学研究表明,两个民族在漫长的相互交往中,在语言上较为集中和明显地表现出文化的涵化和融合。作者认为,经济发展是促进民族文化融合的理想方式,西部大开发、新疆经济的发展将有助于民族关系的良性发展,文化上的整合将会促使各民族人民自觉地向中华民族认同。     

全球化影响下的中国族群政策的新定位

本文对全球化影响下中国少数族群政策的定位和走向,阐述了全新的观点和认识,说明我国族群政策的调整将是在经济全球化的影响下,特别是加入世贸组织之后,促进中国各族群发展的重要步骤。