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1.
Giacopassi D Stitt BG Nichols M 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2006,22(4):413-426
Numerous studies have documented that under-age gambling is quite common. The present study employs interviews of 48 university students who gambled under-age to determine the motives and methods associated with casino gambling by minors. The information gathered in these interviews indicates that access to casinos is easily attained, that the risk of exposure once gambling is minimal, and the motivations of under-age gamblers differ in important ways from that of adults, as access to alcohol, accompanying parents, and the desire to experience the “forbidden fruit” of casino gambling are commonly mentioned motivations by under-age gamblers.
相似文献
Mark NicholsEmail: |
2.
Miller NV Currie SR 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(3):257-274
Using population data (N = 11,562) drawn from five Canadian gambling prevalence surveys conducted between 2000 and 2005, the current study investigated
the relationship between irrational gambling cognitions and risky gambling practices upon (a) gambling intensity, as measured
by percent of income spent on gambling and (b) tolerance, a diagnostic indicator of pathological gambling. First, we found
irrational gambling cognitions and risky gambling practices to be positively related. Second, irrational gambling cognitions
moderated the relationship between risky gambling practices and gambling intensity. Specifically, people engaging in risky
practices, spent less of their income on gambling when they had fewer irrational gambling cognitions compared to those with
more irrational cognitions. Third, irrational gambling cognitions moderated the relationship between risky gambling practices
and tolerance. Of the people engaging in risky practices, those with no irrational cognitions reported lower levels of tolerance
than those with at least one irrational cognition. Interactions with gender are reported and discussed. These findings demonstrate
the importance of both gambling cognitions and gambling practices upon the intensity of gambling and pathological gambling.
相似文献
Shawn R. CurrieEmail: |
3.
Adolescent Gambling: Understanding the Role of Stress and Coping 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
Bergevin T Gupta R Derevensky J Kaufman F 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2006,22(2):195-208
The central variables of stress, coping, and gambling severity were examined along three lines of inquiry. The first addressed whether adolescents with gambling problems reported a greater number of minor or major stressful (i.e., negative) life events relative to others. The second examined whether more with gambling problems employed less-effective coping styles, such as those characterized as less task- or solution-focused, and more emotion- or avoidance-focused coping. Finally, the third question explored whether adolescents’ coping styles mediated the association between stress and gambling severity. Ranging from 11 to 20 years of age, 2,156 high-school students completed instruments assessing gambling involvement, gambling severity, stressful life events, and coping styles. Results indicated that, overall, adolescents with gambling-related problems reported more negative life events relative to social gamblers and non-gamblers. When negative life events were further separated into major and minor events, results revealed that problem gamblers reported more major negative life events but not more minor negative life events relative to others. Results indicated that adolescents with gambling-related problems used less task-focused coping, and more avoidance-focused coping. Males, but not females, who experience gambling-related problems reported using more emotion-focused coping strategies. Finally, emotion-oriented coping was found to mediate the relationship between negative life events and gambling severity. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
相似文献
Jeffrey DerevenskyEmail: |
4.
Pille-Riin Kaare René Mõttus Kenn Konstabel 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(3):377-390
Due to changes in gambling accessibility during the last decade gambling has become more widespread in Estonia and the prevalence
of pathological gambling has sharply increased. The present study attempts to identify psychological characteristics of Estonian
pathological gamblers. It has been shown that a wide range of social, economic, and individual factors (e.g. personality traits
and emotional states) predict the likelihood of becoming a pathological gambler. In the present study, pathological gamblers’
(N = 33) personality traits, self-esteem, self-reported emotional states and cognitive ability were compared to the respective
characteristics in a non-gambling control group (N = 42) matched for age, gender and educational level. It was found that compared to controls, pathological gamblers had higher
scores on Neuroticism (especially on its immoderation facet) and lower scores on Conscientiousness (especially on its dutifulness
and cautiousness facets) and on self-esteem scale. They reported more negative emotional states during the previous month
(especially depression and anxiety). Finally, pathological gamblers had lower general cognitive ability. In a logistic regression
model, the likelihood of being a pathological gambler was best predicted by high immoderation score and low cognitive ability.
相似文献
Pille-Riin KaareEmail: |
5.
The Proxy Effect: Gender and Gambling Problem Trajectories of Iowa Gambling Treatment Program Participants 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Nelson SE Laplante DA Labrie RA Shaffer HJ 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2006,22(2):221-240
Recent research has found that men and women who end up in gambling treatment tend to follow different trajectories to that endpoint: women generally begin gambling later in life, but progress to problems and seek treatment more quickly. With women’s prevalence rates of gambling and disordered gambling increasing, it has become important to identify the causes and consequences of these trajectory differences. The current study used a sample of 2,256 gamblers enrolled in the Iowa Gambling Treatment Program to examine the relationship of gender and other demographic, economic and health-related (i.e., psychosocial) factors to empirically-identified gambling problem trajectories. The results indicated that gender made a statistically significant contribution to the prediction of trajectory, but increased predictive accuracy by only 1–2% beyond a model with psychosocial predictors. Gender’s contribution was limited to its relationship to age of initiation; men and women’s problem progression did not differ meaningfully once age of gambling initiation was taken into account. Gender is a unique contributor to the development of gambling problems among treatment seekers, but it is only one small part of the myriad psychosocial characteristics that influence gambling problem development.
相似文献
Sarah E. NelsonEmail: |
6.
Vitaro F Wanner B Brendgen M Tremblay RE 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(4):535-553
We compared offspring of problem gamblers (n = 42) to offspring of parents without gambling problems (n = 100) to see (1) whether the two groups differed with respect to depressive feelings and conduct/antisociality problems
and (2) whether ineffective parenting or the offspring’s own gambling problems played a mediating role in this context. Participants
were drawn from a relatively large community-based study (N = 1,872). Parents rated their own gambling and other mental health problems when their children were in mid-adolescence.
The children’s self-reports on depressive feelings and conduct/antisociality problems were assessed at two points in time:
by mid-adolescence and again by early adulthood. Results showed that children of parents with gambling problems reported more
depressive feelings and more conduct problems by mid-adolescence than children of parents without gambling problems. Children
of problem gamblers also experienced an increase in their depressive symptoms from mid-adolescence to early adulthood. Importantly,
ineffective parenting, but not children’s gambling problems, mediated almost all the links between parental problem gambling
and children’s adjustment problems. These results add to a very small data base showing that children of problem gamblers
are at risk for a variety of adjustment problems.
相似文献
Frank VitaroEmail: |
7.
Peller AJ LaPlante DA Shaffer HJ 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(4):519-534
There have been claims that new gambling technology is hazardous to player health, and that technological interventions can
alleviate gambling-related harm. In this paper, we systematically review the empirical research about the nexus between gambling
and technology to evaluate the veracity of these claims. We use a public health perspective (i.e., the Epidemiologic Triangle)
to organize and present study results (i.e., agent, host, and environment). This review intends to offer insight about emerging
technology and identify areas that indicate a need for additional research. Forty-seven studies met our inclusion and exclusion
criteria; a review of this body of work shows that attempts to develop and implement safety features for new gambling technology
are promising, but methodologically are rudimentary and limited in scope. Increased attention to the dynamic interaction among
host, agent, and environment factors hold potential to advance the field. In addition, improved study methods (e.g., longitudinal
analyses of actual betting behavior), and collaboration among policymakers, manufacturers, and researchers can increase understanding
of how new gambling technology affects the public health and stimulate new strategies for implementing effective public health
interventions.
相似文献
Allyson J. PellerEmail: |
8.
It’s Not What You Know, but How You Use It: Statistical Knowledge and Adolescent Problem Gambling 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Delfabbro P Lahn J Grabosky P 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2006,22(2):179-193
This paper examined the nature of irrational gambling-related cognitions in a sample of 926 adolescents (mean age = 14.5 years) sampled from Australian schools. Students were differentiated according to gambling status and administered a series of items that assessed their understanding of objective odds, the nature of randomness, the role of skill in gambling, and the perceived profitability of gambling. The results confirmed previous findings that problem gamblers tend to be more irrational in their perceptions, as indicated by stronger beliefs in the role of skilful play in chance activities, and that gambling is a potentially profitable activity. However, counter intuitively, problem gamblers did not appear to have any poorer understanding of objective probabilities. These results are discussed in terms of Sevigny and Ladouceur’s (2004) concept of cognitive switching as well as psychological research concerning the role of emotional and motivational factors in the development of an illusion of control. The implications of these findings for gambling education programs are discussed.
相似文献
Paul DelfabbroEmail: |
9.
Claude Boutin Nicole Tremblay Robert Ladouceur 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(3):317-330
At the beginning of 2000, some educational initiatives in the field of responsible gambling resulted in the implementation
of Onsite Casino Information Centres (OCICs). However, no study has yet empirically evaluated the impact of visiting an OCIC.
This paper includes two studies evaluating the OCIC Au Centre du Hasard, located in Montreal, Quebec. The goal of the first study was to identify the profile of the visitors and to assess their
appreciation. After a visit, 336 patrons accepted to complete a pen and paper questionnaire. The goal of the second study
was to evaluate the impact of a visit on the perceptions about randomness and the gambling behaviours of the visitors. For
this study, 67 visitors were evaluated before, after, and 3 months following a visit and their results were compared to a
control group. Data showed that most visitors were seniors, occasional slot machine gamblers, and in control of their gambling
activities. The majority of guests greatly appreciated their visit. A visit to Au Centre du Hasard seemed to modify the misconceptions towards the notion of randomness but not the gambling behaviours. These gains were maintained
at 3-month follow-up. Results with respect to other prevention programs are discussed, and future research avenues are suggested.
相似文献
Claude BoutinEmail: |
10.
Currie SR Hodgins DC Wang J el-Guebaly N Wynne H Miller NV 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(3):321-335
A set of low-risk gambling limits were recently produced using Canadian epidemiological data on the intensity of gambling
behavior and related consequences (Currie et al. Addiction 101:570–580, 2006). The empirically derived limits (gambling no more than two to three times per month, spending no more than $501–$100°CAN
per year or no more than 1% of gross income spent on gambling) accurately predicted risk of gambling-related harm after controlling
for other risk factors. The present study sought to replicate these limits on data collected in three independently conducted
Canadian provincial gambling surveys. Dose–response curves and logistic regression analyses were applied to gambling prevalence
data collected in surveys conducted in 2001–2002 within the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario (combined
sample N = 7,675). A comparable dose–response relationship between gambling intensity and risk of harm was found in each province.
The optimal thresholds for defining an upper limit of low-risk gambling were similar across the three provinces despite variations
in the availability and organization of legalized gambling opportunities within each region. These results provide additional
evidence supporting the validity of the low-risk gambling limits. Quantitative limits could be used to augment existing responsible
gambling guidelines.
相似文献
Shawn R. CurrieEmail: |
11.
Holtgraves T 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):105-120
A large, integrated survey data set provided by the Ontario Problem Gambling Centre was used to investigate psychometric properties
of the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). This nine-item self-report instrument was designed to measure a single, problem
gambling construct. Unlike its nearest competitor—the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS)—the PGSI was designed specifically
for use with a general population rather than in a clinical context. The present analyses demonstrated that the PGSI does
assess a single, underlying, factor, but that this is complicated by different, multiple factor structures for respondents
with differing levels of problem gambling severity. The PGSI also demonstrated small to moderate correlations with measures
of gambling frequency and faulty cognitions. Overall, the PGSI presents a viable alternative to the SOGS for assessing degrees
of problem gambling severity in a non-clinical context.
相似文献
Thomas HoltgravesEmail: |
12.
Justin Pulford Maria Bellringer Max Abbott Dave Clarke David Hodgins Jeremy Williams 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):19-32
This paper presents reasons for help-seeking data as reported by users of a national gambling helpline (help-seekers, HS,
n = 125) as well as data pertaining to perceived reasons for seeking help as reported by gamblers recruited from the general
population (non-help-seekers, NHS, n = 104). All data were collected via a structured, multi-modal survey. Participants in both groups considered help-seeking
to be motivated by multiple factors (mean of 6.8 and 10.6 responses, respectively). Responses indicative of financial concern
were most frequently reported by both HS and NHS participants (82 & 90%, respectively). Over a third of HS participants (35%)
also identified financial concern as their primary reason for seeking help and 50% of NHS participants perceived financial
concern to be the primary motivator for seeking help in a problem gambling context. Common types of secondary influence (other
than financial concern) included psychological distress (HS & NHS participants), problem prevention (HS participants), rational
thought (HS participants), physical health issues (HS participants), and relationship issues (NHS participants). The implications
for promoting greater or earlier help-seeking activity amongst problem gamblers are discussed.
相似文献
Justin PulfordEmail: |
13.
Improved Self-exclusion Program: Preliminary Results 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Tremblay N Boutin C Ladouceur R 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2008,24(4):505-518
The gambling industry has offered self-exclusion programs for quite a long time. Such measures are designed to limit access
to gaming opportunities and provide problem gamblers with the help they need to cease or limit their gambling behaviour. However,
few studies have empirically evaluated these programs. This study has three objectives: (1) to observe the participation in
an improved self-exclusion program that includes an initial voluntary evaluation, phone support, and a mandatory meeting,
(2) to evaluate satisfaction and usefulness of this service as perceived by self-excluders, (3) to measure the preliminary
impact of this improved program. One hundred sixteen self-excluders completed a questionnaire about their satisfaction and
their perception of the usefulness during the mandatory meeting. Among those participants, 39 attended an initial meeting.
Comparisons between data collected at the initial meeting and data taken at the final meeting were made for those 39 participants.
Data showed that gamblers chose the improved self-exclusion program 75% of the time; 25% preferred to sign a regular self-exclusion
contract. Among those who chose the improved service, 40% wanted an initial voluntary evaluation and 37% of these individuals
actually attended that meeting. Seventy percent of gamblers came to the mandatory meeting, which was a required condition
to end their self-exclusion. The majority of participants were satisfied with the improved self-exclusion service and perceived
it as useful. Major improvements were observed between the final and the initial evaluation on time and money spent, consequences
of gambling, DSM-IV score, and psychological distress. The applicability of an improved self-exclusion program is discussed
and, as shown in our study, the inclusion of a final mandatory meeting might not be so repulsive for self-excluders. Future
research directives are also proposed.
相似文献
Nicole TremblayEmail: |
14.
Paul Delfabbro Daniel King Chrisi Lambos Stan Puglies 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(3):391-405
Very little research has been conducted to examine the relationship between video-game playing and gambling in adolescence.
In this study, 2,669 adolescents aged 13–17 years were surveyed to obtained details of their involvement in gambling and video-game
playing as well as a measure of pathological gambling (the DSM-IV-J). The results showed that, the frequency of video game
playing was significantly related to pathological gambling, but that the effect size was very small and largely accounted
for by the greater popularity of both activities amongst boys. There was some evidence for stronger associations between technologically
similar activities, namely arcade video games and an interest in gaming machines, but other factors discussed in the paper
may also account for this association. In summary, the findings suggested that playing video-games is unlikely to be a significant
risk factor for pathological gambling during adolescence.
相似文献
Paul DelfabbroEmail: Email: |
15.
Justin Pulford Maria Bellringer Max Abbott Dave Clarke David Hodgins Jeremy Williams 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):33-48
This paper presents barriers to help-seeking data as reported by users of a national gambling helpline (help-seekers, HS,
N = 125) as well as data pertaining to perceived barriers to seeking help as reported by gamblers recruited from the general
population (non-help-seekers, NHS,
N = 104). All data were collected via a structured, multi-modal survey. When asked to identify actual or perceived barriers
to seeking help, responses indicative of pride (78% of HS participants, 84% of NHS participants), shame (73% of HS participants,
84% of NHS participants) or denial (87% of NHS participants) were most frequently reported. These three factors were also
most often identified as the real or perceived primary barrier to help-seeking (collectively accounting for 55% of HS, and
60% of NHS, responses to this question) and were the only barriers to be identified by more than 10% of either HS and NHS
participants without prompting. It was of note, however, that participants in both groups identified multiple barriers to
help-seeking (mean of 6.7 and 12.2, respectively) and that, when presented with a list of 21 possible barrier items, NHS participants
endorsed 19 of the listed items significantly more often than their HS counterparts. The implications of these findings, with
respect to promoting greater or earlier help-seeking activity amongst problem gamblers, are discussed.
相似文献
Justin PulfordEmail: |
16.
Plurality rule is mostly criticized from being capable of choosing an alternative considered as worst by a strict majority.
This paper considers elections in which the agenda consists of potential candidates strategically choosing whether or not
to enter the election. In this context, we examine the ability of scoring rules to fulfil the Condorcet criterion. We show
for the case of three potential candidates that Plurality rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies a version of the Condorcet
criterion in two cases: 1) when preferences are single-peaked and, 2) when preferences are single-dipped.
相似文献
Bernardo MorenoEmail: |
M. Socorro Puy (Corresponding author)Email: |
17.
The quality of time spent with children in Australian households 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using data from the 1992 and 1997 Australian Time Use Surveys, we explore patterns in the quality of child care time spent
by parents in Australia. Drawing on existing research, we construct and evaluate four alternative ways of defining child care
quality. We estimate censored regression models of the time parents spend in high-quality child care, lower-quality child
care, and market work according to these different definitions. We find that seemingly small changes in how the quality of
time spent caring for children is conceptualized markedly affect the conclusions we draw about the associations of different
household and personal characteristics with parents’ child care time.
相似文献
Charlene M. KalenkoskiEmail: |
18.
The Financial Assimilation of an Immigrant Group: Evidence on the Use of Checking and Savings Accounts and Currency Exchanges 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
This article examines the determinants of financial market participation for a particular group of immigrants: Hmong refugees
in Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota. Our findings indicate that controlling for income and education, Hmong immigrants are
less likely to have savings accounts and credit cards and are more likely to use currency exchanges, compared to randomly
selected non-Hmong households living in the same neighborhoods. However, these effects are mitigated by time spent in the
US. Financial assimilation appears to take 15–20 years. These findings expand our understanding of immigrant assimilation
and highlight some of the complexities associated with the process of assimilation.
相似文献
Sherrie L. W. RhineEmail: |
19.
This study reports a meta-analysis of 75 estimates of the efficiency-wage effect. It reveals a strong efficiency-wage effect
that depends upon whether researchers control for potential simultaneity between wages and productivity. Studies that control
for simultaneity tend to report stronger effects. Clear evidence of publication selection is also found. E24, J30.
相似文献
T. D. Stanley (Corresponding author)Email: |
20.
The inverse plurality rule—an axiomatization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Under the ‘inverse plurality rule’, voters specify only their least preferred alternative. Our first result establishes that
this rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies the minimal veto condition (MV). We then prove that the inverse plurality
rule is characterized by MV and the four well known conditions that characterize scoring rules; namely, Anonymity (A), Neutrality
(N), Reinforcement (RE) and Continuity (CO). Our new characterization result is related to the characterizations of approval
voting and of the widely used plurality rule. We finally show how the axiomatization of the inverse plurality rule can be
extended to the axiomatization of elementary scoring rules (vote for t-alternatives scoring rules).
We are indebted to two anonymous referees for their most useful comments.
相似文献
Eyal Baharad (Corresponding author)Email: |
Shmuel NitzanEmail: |