差错管理氛围如何激发员工越轨创新——一个双中介模型的检验

基于三元交互理论、社会认知理论和资源保存理论,探究差错管理氛围对员工越轨创新行为的影响机制,验证创新自我效能感和心理安全感的中介效应。通过309份有效问卷,采用多元回归和Bootstrap等方法对模型进行实证检验。结果表明：差错管理氛围对员工越轨创新行为、创新自我效能感和心理安全感具有显著的正向影响,创新自我效能感在差错管理氛围与越轨创新之间起部分中介作用,员工心理安全感在差错管理氛围与越轨创新之间起部分中介作用。组织应在内部建立良好的差错管理氛围,应重视提高员工的创新自我效能感,激发员工的创造力,应密切关注员工的心理状态,增强员工的心理安全感。     

差序格局视角下新生代员工越轨创新行为路径研究

基于资源保存理论和社会认知理论,以280名新生代员工为调查对象,本文探讨差序式领导对新生代员工越轨创新行为的作用机制和边界条件,同时也验证了创新自我效能感的中介作用与组织结构有机性、雇佣关系氛围的双重调节作用。     

变革型领导对员工创新行为的影响研究——兼论组织认同与自我效能感的作用

探析变革型领导、组织认同及自我效能感对员工创新行为的影响及其作用机制,构建以组织认同为中介变量、自我效能感为调节变量的混合模型,采用随机抽样的方法进行问卷调查,运用工具软件对获取的有效问卷数据进行实证分析。研究结果表明：变革型领导、组织认同、自我效能感及员工创新行为的得分都较高;变革型领导、组织认同及自我效能感均与员工创新行为显著正相关;变革型领导不仅直接影响员工创新行为,还能通过组织认同间接影响员工创新行为;自我效能感能显著调节变革型领导对员工创新行为的影响程度。     

上级发展性反馈、创新效能感与员工创新行为:差错管理氛围的调节作用

创新是企业变革和发展的关键驱动力,上级发展性反馈能纠正员工的角色定位偏差,改善上下级交换关系的质量,进而调动员工的创新积极性。从社会交换和下级反馈寻求视角进行实证研究,结果表明:上级发展性反馈与员工创新行为有正相关关系,创新效能感在上级发展性反馈和员工创新行为间起完全中介作用,差错管理氛围对创新效能感的中介效应起调节作用。因此,组织应建立以创新为导向的上级发展性反馈机制,通过构建容错的组织文化,降低创新的试错成本,进而提升员工的创新效能感和内在动力,引发创新行为。     

职场友谊之光能否照亮员工创新行为——基于资源保存理论的研究

基于资源保存理论,构建以知识共享行为为中介变量、以创新自我效能感为调节变量的理论模型,探索职场友谊与员工创新行为之间的作用机制。从实证分析可知:职场友谊对员工创新行为的正向影响是显著的;在职场友谊和员工创新行为的影响路径中,知识共享行为起到了部分中介的作用;创新自我效能感起到了正向的调节作用。     

员工优势使用对创新行为 的影响机制研究

  随着积极心理学的发展,优势理论受到学者们的广泛关注。优势使用理论作为优势理论的核心内容,它认为个体优势使用不仅能够提升个体的幸福感、工作投入、自我效能感和绩效,而且还能降低个体的工作压力和缺勤率。尽管大量的研究表明员工优势使用有益于员工的成长和发展,但是员工优势使用与创新行为之间关系的研究还未受到应有的重视。         以工作要求资源理论为理论基础,在中国情景下探讨员工优势使用与创新行为之间的关系以及创新自我效能感和创新时间压力在两者之间的中介作用。采用问卷调查方法在3个时间点收集数据,共得到226份工作在中国各类型企业中的有效员工样本。通过Spss 22.0软件采用多元线性回归和Bootstrap检验方法,对构建的员工优势使用对创新行为影响机制模型进行验证。         研究结果表明,员工优势使用对员工创新行为和创新自我效能感有显著的正向影响,对创新时间压力有显著的负向影响;员工优势使用不仅能够通过促进创新自我效能感提升创新行为,而且还能通过降低创新时间压力对创新行为产生影响。         研究结果为员工创新行为驱动力研究提供了新视角;进一步丰富了员工优势使用的影响效应研究;有助于深入理解员工优势使用与创新行为之间的转化机制以及打开两者之间关系的黑箱,拓展员工优势与创新关系理论的跨群体适用性;有助于丰富工作要求资源理论的应用范围和内涵。对于如何构建和执行基于优势的人力资源管理实践以及如何管理员工的创新自我效能感和创新时间压力以便促进员工创新行为具有重要的意义。     

授权型领导对“90后”员工建言行为的影响——自我效能感和主动型人格的作用

基于社会交换理论与社会认同理论,从自我效能感视角,探讨授权型领导对“90后”员工建言行为的内在作用机理。结合183名“90后”员工的样本数据,运用回归分析进行实证检验。研究结果表明,授权型领导对“90后”员工建言行为有显著的正向影响;自我效能感在授权型领导与“90后”员工的促进性建言和抑制性建言的关系中均起中介作用;主动型人格对这一中介效应进行了调节,主动型人格越强,授权型领导通过自我效能感对“90后”员工促进性建言行为和抑制性建言行为的正向影响越强烈。     

组织创新支持感对员工创新行为的影响机制研究

基于组织支持理论,检验了组织创新支持感对员工创新行为的影响机制。研究表明,组织创新支持感影响员工创意产生行为,并完全通过创意产生行为的中介作用,间接影响员工创意执行行为。在引入成就动机这一中介变量后,虽然组织创新支持感对员工创新行为仍存在直接影响,但这一直接影响路径系数显著下降,组织创新支持感通过成就动机的中介作用影响员工创意产生行为,进而影响其创意执行行为表现。在引入工作卷入的中介作用后,组织创新支持感对员工创新行为的直接影响也有明显下降,组织创新支持感通过工作卷入的中介作用影响员工创意产生行为,进而影响其创意执行行为表现。     

组织支持感对研发人员创新行为的影响：创造力效能感与积极情绪的中介作用

组织支持感对个体创新行为具有重要影响,但其中的影响机制值得深入探究。本研究基于组织支持感理论,同时从认知和情绪视角切入,将创造力效能感和积极情绪引入到组织支持感与研发人员创新行为的关系分析框架中。采用自填问卷法调查了248名研发人员,在检验了同源方差和问卷信效度的基础上,通过结构方程建模（SEM）方法检验了研究假设,结果发现：①在中国情境下,组织支持感对研发人员创新行为有显著正向影响,组织支持感及其各维度对研发人员创新行为有预测力,其中主管支持的预测力最强;②创造力效能感对研发人员创新行为有显著正向影响,并在研发人员组织支持感与创新行为间起部分中介作用;③积极情绪对研发人员创新行为有显著正向影响,在组织支持感与研发人员创新行为间起部分中介作用;④将创造力效能感和积极情绪同时纳入中介模型后,两者的中介作用完全解释了组织支持感对研发人员创新行为的影响。     

组织创新氛围、工作动机对员工创新行为的影响

 创新是企业应对复杂多变市场环境的重要战略,激发员工创新行为对企业实行创新具有重要意义。已有关于员工创新行为与组织创新氛围和个体工作动机关系的研究,一是较少关注外在动机在组织创新氛围与员工创新行为之间的作用,二是侧重组织创新氛围整体对员工创新行为影响的探讨,忽视组织创新氛围各维度对员工创新行为影响的研究。        基于自我决定理论和个人-组织匹配理论,同时引入工作动机的两个维度(内在动机和外在动机)为中介变量,构建组织创新氛围不同维度(自主工作性、团队协作和组织激励)对员工创新行为影响的跨层次中介模型。利用问卷调查方式,收集来自50家企业323名在职员工的数据,运用SPSS 21.0、AMOS 21.0和HLM 6.08进行验证性因子分析和跨层次回归分析,实证检验理论模型。        研究结果表明,①组织创新氛围的3个维度(自主工作性、团队协作和组织激励)对员工创新行为均有显著正向影响;②内在动机在自主工作性与员工创新行为之间起部分中介作用,在团队协作与员工创新行为之间起部分中介作用;③内在动机和外在动机在组织激励与员工创新行为之间同时起部分中介作用。        研究结果揭示了工作动机的两个维度(内在动机和外在动机)在组织创新氛围的3个维度(自主工作性、团队协作和组织激励)对员工创新行为影响中的作用路径,丰富了组织创新氛围、工作动机、员工创新行为三者关系的理论研究,而且对组织管理实践有一定的启示作用,企业管理者应注重为员工提供一个创新氛围浓厚的“软环境”,并重视从员工工作动机视角改善组织管理。     

创造性组织情境的动机机制研究

本研究以有机辩证元理论为基础框架,采用实证研究的方法,系统分析与探讨了创造性组织情境与员工的创造性绩效之间的关系.结果表明有机辩证元理论所提出的需要、动机对环境与个体行为产生中介作用的观点在创造性活动领域中具有真实性;领导支持与资源充沛是我国企业创造性组织情境中主要发生作用的成分;自主与胜任需要的满足是创造性活动的核心内容;工作愉悦是创造性绩效产生的最直接原因,追求挑战是重要的间接性原因.     

A Little Creativity Goes a Long Way: An Examination of Teams’ Engagement in Creative Processes

Using surveys and interview data this research examines teams’ engagement in creative processes. Results of cluster analysis indicated that the more creative teams were those that perceived that their tasks required high levels of creativity, were working on jobs with high task interdependence, were high on shared goals, valued participative problem-solving, and had a climate supportive of creativity. In addition, members of the more creative teams spent more time socializing with each other and had moderate amounts of organizational tenure. Implications for management are discussed.     

Social and economic leader–member exchange and employee creative behavior: The role of employee willingness to take risks and emotional carrying capacity

In the current study we explore the relational aspect of leadership for stimulating employee creative behavior. Drawing on leader-member exchange (LMX) theory, we propose that the association between two distinct types of leader-member exchange relationships (social [SLMX] and economic [ELMX]) and creative behavior is mediated by employee willingness to take risks and moderated by emotional carrying capacity. Based on two-wave data from a sample of 147 employees, we surprisingly find only marginal support for the association between SLMX and creative behavior, and, as expected, we find no support for the association between ELMX and creative behavior. We do find evidence of the full mediation of willingness to take risks in these two associations. Furthermore, we also find a positively significant interaction of SLMX with emotional carrying capacity (ECC), but no support for the interaction of ELMX with ECC in predicting employee creative behavior. We contribute to a deeper view of understanding the leadership of employee creativity as a relational process, contingent upon both employee characteristics as well as the nature of leader-member exchange.     

Empowering leadership and managers' career perceptions: Examining effects at both the individual and the team level

In a multilevel model of leadership behavior, we investigated whether and how empowering leadership affects individuals' career perceptions. We developed a conceptual model that links empowering leadership at the individual level and at the group level (mean as well as dispersion) to individuals' career self-efficacy and career satisfaction. To test our model, we used questionnaire data from a multilevel data set of 2493 employees in leadership positions nested in 704 teams from a large German corporation. Hierarchical linear regression analyses showed that empowering leadership at the individual level was positively related to career self-efficacy, which in turn mediated the relationship between empowering leadership and career satisfaction. Empowering leadership at the group level was positively related to career self-efficacy when it was conceptualized as leadership differentiation (i.e., the standard deviation of empowering leadership ratings), but not when it was conceptualized as leadership climate (i.e., mean empowering leadership ratings). Career self-efficacy in turn mediated the relationship between empowering leadership differentiation and career satisfaction. Finally, we found a negative relationship between empowering leadership differentiation and career satisfaction.     

Creative and innovative behaviours of corporate directors: an elusive role of task-related conflicts

The aim of the present work is to examine corporate directors’ boardroom interactions associated with conflicts as well as creativity and innovation phenomena. In line with the behavioral perspective in research on boards, we investigate relationships between task conflicts, an emerging creative and innovative boardroom climate as well as directors’ work behaviors. Drawing upon the survey data from 423 corporate directors, we tested hypothesized relationships by the means of the structural equation modelling technique. The results provide evidence suggesting that task-related conflicts among corporate directors appear to be equally detrimental for the psychological workgroup climate as they are advantageous for initiating creative and innovative work behaviours. In other words, the positive effect of task conflicts on directors’ creative and innovative work behaviours occurs so long as such conflicts do not simultaneously impair their perception of the creative/innovative boardroom environment. By integrating the literature on workplace group conflicts, creativity and innovation with the corporate governance writings, this study offers a new insight into corporate directors functioning. Presented findings have clear implications for future board research and managerial practice.     

变革型领导与下属工作绩效及组织承诺:心理资本的中介作用

探讨变革型领导影响下属的深层心理作用机制,即变革型领导是否会通过下属心理资本的中介作用对下属工作绩效和组织承诺产生影响。以230位MBA学员为样本,采用结构方程模型的方法分析了变革型领导行为、下属工作绩效、组织承诺以及下属心理资本各维度间的关系。研究结果表明,下属心理资本中的自我效能、希望和恢复力对变革型领导行为与下属工作绩效的关系起到中介作用;下属心理资本中的自我效能和恢复力对变革型领导行为与下属组织承诺的关系起到中介作用。     

提高员工工作满意度机制的系统分析:和谐管理理论的启示与价值

在企业经营管理实践中,如何提高员工的工作满意度是企业激励员工、进行有效的人力资源管理、保证企业长远发展的关键问题。针对这一问题,本文在回顾和分析现有关于工作满意度理论和实践的基础上,利用和谐管理理论提供的复杂管理问题的解决之道,即主题导向下的双规则互动耦合思路对于解决该问题的有益启示和帮助,结合某设计院提高员工工作满意度的实践,从优化完善相关制度与机制、营造能充分发挥员工能动性的工作氛围,以及围绕提高工作满意度这一主题的整合三个方面形成有机系统,从而构建了基于和谐管理理论的提高工作满意度的管理体系,为这一问题的解决提供了新的思路。     

Queens of the hill: Creative destruction and the emergence of executive leadership of women

Despite penetrating the middle management ranks of many U.S. businesses, women continue to lag far behind men in their appointments to top leadership positions. Many explanations exist for why the glass ceiling exists, but few theories offer suggestions for how women break through this ceiling. In this paper we propose that the concept of ‘creative destruction’ can help us understand why some women ascend to leadership positions. Using empirical research and anecdotal evidence from the experiences of several high-profile female executives, we argue that women may rise to leadership positions in turbulent environments that are receptive to new talent and open to innovative, bold ideas. Further, we propose that under these conditions women may be seen as especially attractive candidates to guide organizations because they are perceived to utilize a leadership style that promotes openness and inclusion, and facilitates change.     

Outcome favorability in the link between leader–member exchange and organizational citizenship behavior: Procedural fairness climate matters

The study developed an integrated model of the relationship among leader–member exchange (LMX), outcome favorability, procedural fairness climate and employee organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Using three-phrase multilevel data from multiple sources collected from 238 employees working with 42 supervisors at manufacturing firms in China, we found that (1) LMX was positively related to outcome favorability and OCB, (2) procedural fairness climate moderated the relationship between outcome favorability and OCB, and (3) the indirect effect of LMX on OCB (via outcome favorability) was stronger when procedural fairness climate was high rather than low. The study provides insight on the LMX–OCB relationship and the integration of LMX and fairness research.     

自我效能感研究综述——组织行为学发展的新趋势

近年来,自我效能感在组织行为学领域的地位日益凸显。首先,回顾和剖析了国内外关于自我效能感本质、内涵认识、形成机制和组织行为影响机制的研究成果。然后,在此基础上,对自我效能感在组织行为学前沿领域的应用和发展进行了前瞻性的分析和展望。