班级生涯团体辅导促进应用型本科院校在校生职业生涯规划的作用研究

目的 探讨班主任参与班级生涯团体辅导对应用型本科院校工科类大学生职业生涯规划的作用。方法以金陵科技学院机电工程学院2017级机械设计制造及其自动化2个平行班学生为研究对象,将1班定为实验班(N=36),2班定为对照班(N=37)。在大二上学期开始对实验班进行班级生涯团体辅导,为期三年,对照班不做干预。结果 1班经班级生涯规划团体辅导后,各个维度都有明显提高。实验班与对照班除在自我认知维度上差异不显著外,在职业认识等四个维度上达到了差异显著性水平。学生毕业季访谈发现,实验班学生有了较清晰的职业生涯发展定位与目标;就业大数据显示,实验班的就业质量与数量都比对照班高。结论 班级生涯规划团体辅导对应用型本科院校工科类大学生的职业生涯规划有积极的促进作用。     

生涯团体辅导融入高校职业生涯规划课的实证研究

全国高校开展公共课《大学生职业发展与就业指导》已十余年时间,在具体实施过程中存在以理论讲解为主,学生参与性、互动性较低,收获较少等问题。生涯团体辅导活动的互动性、探究性、参与性有助于弥补大学生职业生涯规划课程的不足。该研究试图将生涯团体辅导融入高校职业生涯规划课程,采用问卷调查、实验法、测量法、个案访谈法等,对参加生涯团体辅导式职业生涯规划课的20名大学生进行辅导前后的对比与访谈。研究结果表明,辅导后大学生在职业兴趣、能力评价、职业决策与目标稳定性上均好于辅导前。通过个案访谈发现团辅活动的趣味性消解了课堂的乏味性,游戏性激发了学生的潜能,互动性帮助学生明晰了目标。总之,生涯团体辅导融入职业生涯规划课程,提升了学生在课堂中的参与感、获得感。     

提升理论学习中心组学习质量研究

理论学习中心组学习是党委(党组)领导班子和领导干部在职理论学习的重要组织形式,是严肃党内政治生活、强化党性修养的重要内容,也是理论传播的重要渠道。提升理论学习中心组的学习质量,需要在提升学习主体的主动性、学习内容的吸引力、学习方式的针对性和学习管理的实效性等方面下功夫。     

社会工作在大学生就业辅导中的应用

高等教育由“精英化”教育向“大众化”教育的转变，毕业生的逐年增加，使大学生就业难的现象突现。据发达国家经验，大学生就业辅导的开展正是针对该现象提供的有效帮助，只是我国的大学生就业辅导起步较晚，还存在很多发展空间。本文试图从系统论和生涯理论的视角出发，探索社会工作的理念与方法在大学生就业辅导过程中的应用。     

社会速度研究:当代主要理论轴线

以速度为主要社会特质之一的速度社会,已是一个当代社会情境和普遍的全球趋势。近十年来,越来越多的社会学家开始探讨速度的意涵、速度社会的诸多特殊现象、速度给人类生活带来的问题以及解决速度问题的可能取径。这也使得社会速度研究开始成为当代社会学的新兴领域。不过,社会学究竟如何确立自身独特的速度研究取径,显然是进行社会速度研究时的首要问题,而这个问题至今却仍纷杂无章,缺乏一个脉络性的思考与整理。这也使得社会速度研究常难以找到一个开始进行的着力点。有鉴于此,本文旨在批判性地梳理以往的社会速度研究,试图厘清三条主要的社会速度研究理论发展轴线,以指出未来社会速度研究可能的探讨出发点。     

多元化对话语境在辅导员“深度辅导”中的应用

"深度辅导"是近年来高校辅导员工作从经验到科学的重大突破。本文认真分析了目前理论界对"深度辅导"的认识,从目前高校辅导员在"深度辅导"中所面临的困惑出发,提出了多元化对话语境设计在辅导员工作中应用的重要性,并全面阐述了多元化对话语境在"深度辅导"中的特点,对多元化对话语境进行了分类,提出了具体的应用模式。     

企业社会责任研究的理论基础

近年来,随着经济全球化和大规模工业变革的推进,企业社会责任问题越来越受到全球的关注。在西方学术界,自上个世纪80年代以来,企业社会责任成了一个热点论题,相关研究成果不断涌现。文章介绍了西方学术界对于企业社会责任研究的理论基础的看法。     

社会福利研究中的社会排斥理论

社会排斥理论越来越被社会福利研究、贫困问题研究、弱势群体研究等方面所重视,并成为这些研究领域的核心概念。本文对目前有关社会排斥概念的演变以及反社会排斥、促进社会整合的研究进行了回顾与综述,并在此基础上提出了一些有待进一步研究的问题与研究视角。     

本土社会工作实务的伦理困境与伦理抉择——基于上海青少年社会工作实践的质性研究

社会工作在实践过程中面临的最大困境是人与文化互动过程所形成的多元可能,这种多元可能往往使实务工作者在提供专业服务过程中遭遇价值抉择的两难。本研究运用质性研究的方法,以上海青少年社会工作者的实践为研究对象,着力探讨当下本土社会工作伦理实践中的困境及抉择。研究发现,本土社会工作常见的伦理困境包括:保密与否、案主自决、利益冲突、专业界限、公平分配、价值冲突、同事关系。而社工在进行伦理抉择时,遵循三大基本原则:案主生命优先原则,法律规定、机构规范优于个人价值,人际关系取向。此外,研究以"人在情境中"的概念为框架基础,提出个体因素(即社工个体对伦理抉择的影响)、问题因素(即伦理困境本身对伦理抉择的影响)、情境因素(即外部环境对伦理抉择的影响)这个三维分析架构来系统分析社会工作伦理抉择中的影响因素及其过程。最后,研究建议要建构本土的社会工作伦理体系,即建构本土导向的社会工作伦理原则、建立操作取向的社会工作伦理机制。     

Ethical Decision Making in Social Work with Groups

This paper reports on a study of decision-making among group work practitioneers in group situations where ethical dilemmas exist and choices must be made between two or more contradictory alternatives. The study investigated the bases upon which social workers with groups make ethical decisions and the actions they select when confronted by contradictory choices. Results indicated that practice wisdom is the primary basis for ethical decision-making by social workers with groups.     

Group Empowerment Through Learning Formal Decision Making Processes

No abstract available for this article.     

The Collapsing Choice Theory: Dissociating Choice and Judgment in Decision Making

Decision making theory in general, and mental models in particular, associate judgment and choice. Decision choice follows probability estimates and errors in choice derive mainly from errors in judgment. In the studies reported here we use the Monty Hall dilemma to illustrate that judgment and choice do not always go together, and that such a dissociation can lead to better decision-making. Specifically, we demonstrate that in certain decision problems, exceeding working memory limitations can actually improve decision choice. We show across four experiments that increasing the number of choice alternatives forces people to collapse choices together, resulting in better decision-making. While choice performance improves, probability judgments do not change, thus demonstrating an important dissociation between choice and probability judgments. We propose the Collapsing Choice Theory (CCT) which explains how working memory capacity, probability estimation, choice alternatives, judgment, and regret all interact and effect decision quality.      

Decision Making and Social Inquiry Reports in One Juvenile Court

Summary In 1965 it was already the practice of this juvenile court torequire the preparation of pretrial social inquiry reports.The study examined the effects of particular types of information,including the probation officers' advice, on the court's disposaldecisions. For the majority of cases the Bench and the probationofficers, in terms of their advice in the social inquiry reports,agreed on the disposal that was ‘obviously’ themost suitable for a particular offender, while in a substantialminority of cases the Bench ‘deferred’ to the adviceoffered and rejected the advice in less than 10% of cases. Themagistrates indicated that the offenders' home background, followedby the seriousness of their offences, were the two most importantfactors they took into account in arriving at their disposaldecisions. In spite of the close agreement between the magistratesand the probation officers on the most suitable disposals forparticular offenders, the effectiveness of the disposals, measuredby the proportions of offenders reconvicted during the fiveyears following the disposals, was no better than expected.The statistical association between the measure of the offenders'home background (based mainly on the content of the social inquiryreport) and the likelihood of reconviction was low enough toquestion the relevance of this kind of information for the selectionof effective juvenile court disposals.     

试论社会工作在学习型组织中的应用

学习型组织的建立是优化人力资源管理的根本措施,在学习型组织创建过程中所出现的问题使专业社会工作的介入成为必要。本文试通过分析学习型组织的问题和社会工作介入模式,探讨社会工作方法在学习型组织中的应用,并提出学习型组织对社会工作的时代要求。     

Ambiguities in Decision Making: Social Work's Response to 'Glue-Sniffing' in Scotland

Correspondence to Dr Elizabeth Jagger, Social Science Department, Park Campus, 1, Park Drive, Caledonian University, Glasgow G3 6LP Summary This paper examines how social workers make decisions aboutwhich cases of ‘glue-sniffing’ require intervention,in the context of a government policy which construes the problemprimarily within the arena of parental responsibility. Usingdata from interviews with social workers and research on ‘glue-sniffing’,it shows that social workers were frequently reluctant to dealwith cases. It explains that this has to do with factors suchas organizational priorities, lack of resources and, in particular,the ambiguous status of ‘glue-sniffing’ within theirown professional discourse. It concludes that the complex interplayof these factors means that government policy is not translatedinto practice in any simplistic manner.