残疾人职业技能培训现状与对策分析

残疾人作为社会中的弱势群体,其就业将面对巨大的压力与障碍。长期以来,残疾人的就业问题一直是社会关注的热点。为提升残疾人专业技能,完善残疾人服务事业,各地残疾人机构有计划地开展残疾人职业技能培训以更好地帮助残疾人提升就业竞争力与市场变化的适应能力。目前在残疾人职业技能培训方面仍存在一些问题,只有加大宣传与动员力度,改进培训科目,丰富培养模式,才能彻底改善残疾人职业技能培训。     

残疾人就业现状与对策分析

残疾人就业工作是社会和谐发展的重要组成部分,关系到社会稳定进步与国家长治久安。我国残疾人就业现状不容乐观,15岁以上的就业比例仅为31%,达到就业年龄并且有就业能力却没有工作的残疾人多达858万左右。原因是残疾人受教育水平低,自身能力素质偏差,残疾人服务机构功能不完善,因此要加强政府引导,加快残疾人服务机构完善建设,提升残疾人自身素质,以促进残疾人就业率。     

澳门特区残疾人就业支持和社会服务考察报告

为了落实党的十九届四中全会关于“健全残疾人帮扶制度”“完善重点群体就业支持体系”等要求,在澳门特区回归20周年之际,2019年11月20日至23日,中国残联研究室、维权部、教就部、港澳台办和信息中心、残疾人事业发展研究中心共同组团赴澳门特区就残疾人就业支持和社会福利服务进行考察和交流,先后拜访了中央人民政府驻澳门特别行政区办公室、澳门特别行政区政府社会工作局,与澳门街坊总会、澳门扶康会、澳门弱智人士服务协会及所属服务机构进行了交流。代表团分外感受到澳门地区各界爱国爱澳的浓厚氛围和社会服务的显著成效。现将有关情况报告如下。     

残疾人就业辅导员的核心工作能力研究

就业辅导员的核心工作能力是其在支持性就业服务中履行工作职责、胜任工作岗位、实现工作目标所应具备的主要能力,是专业知识、技能和态度的集中体现,也是帮助残疾人成功实现就业的关键因素,具有综合性、规范性及可操作性的特征。本文采用工作职责分析法和归纳法等方法,对就业辅导员应具备工作能力的主要内容进行了分析,认为其核心工作能力包括评估能力、分析能力、沟通能力、实践能力和应变能力。针对我国就业辅导员工作能力培养的困境,作者建议从设计职前培养方案、构建在职培训体系、完善工作考核制度及规划职业发展路径四方面着手加强培养,以期为我国就业辅导员队伍的专业化建设提供参考。     

基于柯式模型的残疾人就业培训效果评估

为及时发现现有残疾人就业培训体系的不足,从而在理论上和实践上提供有针对性的对策建议,本文在柯式模型的基础上,将全国范围内参加就业培训或接受就业支持的残疾人作为研究对象,以问卷法和访谈法相结合的方式收集数据,经由专家评价和统计处理后编制出残疾人就业培训效果评估问卷,并进一步探索年龄、婚姻状况、地域和就业形式等显著影响残疾人培训效果的因素.此外,研究还发现就业培训效果与残疾人培训满意度、月收入显著正相关;而除了农业户口种养殖就业形式的残疾人以外,八种就业形式和无就业残疾人的培训满意度与培训效果总均分均存在显著正相关.     

浙江:搭建七类基地平台促进残疾人就业

近年来,浙江省贯彻落实国家就业优先战略和促进残疾人就业的政策法规,在加大投入、改进服务的同时,注重创新机制,特别是借助社会力量和各类载体、平台来促进残疾人就业,其中搭建各类基地并使其发挥作用,取得较好效果。一是扶贫基地增收入。扶贫基地是公司、种养大户、合作社等经     

武汉市残疾人就业状况调查及保障机制研究

本文以武汉市为样本空间,通过文献资料法、实地考察法、访谈调查法、问卷调查法、比较分析法和政府取样等方法对武汉市残疾人的生存现状进行调研。通过数学统计方法对调查结果分析发现,残疾人的就业状况和教育水平、年龄、职业技能培训、就业途径、社会态度等有重要的相关性,据此分析提出了保障残疾人就业的几点建议。     

城乡分割视野下残疾人的就业现状、成因 及其差异效应

城乡残疾人的就业,事关全面建成小康社会目标的实现,厘清城乡残疾人就业率系统差异是重要前提。基于第五轮"中国居民收入调查"数据,采用Probit模型分析显示已婚、自评健康良好、未参与最低生活保障、具备党员身份的男性残疾人比其他残疾人群体就业状况更好。但农村残疾人潜在工作经验就业回报的效应强于对城镇残疾人的作用;城镇残疾人群的教育和最低生活保障就业效应存在显著的性别差异,但在农村残疾人群上述变量的性别差异效应不显著。因此,应积极制定差异化的城乡人力资本政策,加强对城乡残疾居民就业的政治引导和社会支持,健全城乡残疾人全面康复服务保障,完善城乡残疾人最低生活保障制度。     

大型残疾人体育赛事辅助器具维修服务体系构建研究

残疾人体育竞赛和辅助器具密不可分,赛事期间提供辅助器具维修服务是承办残疾人体育赛事不可或缺的重要技术服务保障,是赛事组委会不可推卸的重要义务.结合辅助器具适配专业技术要求、残疾人体育辅助器具使用规定以及组织管理运行体育赛事的根本宗旨,本文对承办大型残疾人体育赛事规范、有效开展辅助器具维修服务进行了有益探索,首次提出建立大型残疾人体育赛事辅助器具维修服务体系的构想及发展策略,可为我国承办2022年北京冬季残奥会和杭州亚残运会制订科学合理的实施方案、有效开展辅助器具维修服务,提供重要借鉴.     

Direct Threat Issues in the Employment of Persons with Disabilities

Abstract

In the decade since initial implementation of the Americans with Disabilities Act in the United States, many questions have arisen pertaining to the rights of employers and employees in light of the employment of and services that must be provided to persons with disabilities. One of the most controversial aspects of the legislation is the issue of direct threat. This relates to the concern that workers or clients with disabilities may be a threat to others due to their condition. Integral to this fear is the employer's ability to protect persons within the work environment from such a threat, while remaining in compliance with the ADA. This paper considers the issue of direct threat and its pertinence to the social work profession, and provides recommendations for employers and supervisors in the field.     

Women and Public Service Employment:

As more and more women attempt to enter the private labor market and, more particularly, find themselves without employment, information on how women fare in various governmental job programs becomes especially important. Our analysis of CETA programming in Milwaukee indicates that women, especially blacks, often experienced greater need but less placement activity on their behalf, and received lower quality employment than did their male counterparts. To the extent that eliminate the obstacles women encounter in participating in public jobs programs.     

Expectations of Greek Parents about Employment Opportunities for their Child with Learning Disabilities: Implications for Social Workers

A survey was carried out in Heraklion, Crete, to determine the expectations on employment of all parents who had a child with learning disabilities (LDs) between the age of 14 and 45 years, living with them and having participated in some educational or vocational programme for at least 1 year. From the 310 families, which fulfilled the criteria for admission in the current study, 176 families participated. The research method chosen was a structured interview. The results demonstrated that parents expected their LD child not to work or to work in a sheltered workshop whereas, ideally, most parents wanted some form of competitive employment for their children. The findings suggest that social workers and other professionals should inform parents more positively about the potential abilities of their children and emphasise the importance of a job for all parties involved.     

Welfare Reform and Its Impact on the Employment Prospects of Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities

ABSTRACT

Welfare policy in Australia has undergone a marked shift in direction since the election of the Liberal Coalition (Conservative) Government in 1996. This paper examines welfare policy and, in particular, the disability support pension, in the light of the vocational needs of those with psychiatric disabilities who seek to gain employment. Empirical data is presented concerning a case study of 65 clients participating in a vocational program. These participants had all been diagnosed with psychiatric disabilities, and were assisted to obtain open employment. The paper demonstrates that welfare policy, in conjunction with the recently privatized employment services network, not only fails to address the barriers faced by individuals with psychiatric disabilities, but undermines their efforts to gain employment and recover from the illness.     

Social Return on Investment of an Innovative Employment Option for Persons with Developmental Disabilities

Common Ground Co‐operative (CGC) provides training, administrative, and job coach support to five social enterprises for which persons with developmental disabilities are the non‐share‐capital partners. This study examines the use of social return on investment (SROI) as a means of determining the value of program impacts related to quality‐of‐life changes for enterprise partners and their families. The process of conducting this SROI analysis is described and analyzed in terms of its utility in employment services for persons with developmental disabilities.     

Modes of Network Governance: Structure, Management, and Effectiveness

This article examines the governance of organizational networksand the impact of governance on network effectiveness. Threebasic models, or forms, of network governance are developedfocusing on their distinct structural properties. Propositionsare formulated examining conditions for the effectiveness ofeach form. The tensions inherent in each form are then discussed,followed by the role that management may play in addressingthese tensions. Finally, the evolution of governance is explored.     

The Earnings and Employment Outcomes of the 2005 Cohort of Canadian Postsecondary Graduates with Disabilities

Canada's fear of future skill and labor shortages has brought youth with disabilities to the forefront of public policy. Many universities are now reporting that an increased proportion of their graduating students identify as having a disability, and as a result, educational achievement‐based programs designed to accommodate students’ needs are growing across campuses. Despite recent attention by policymakers on improving accessibility standards and increasing employer incentives, young Canadians with disabilities continue to face barriers in their transitions to the workforce. The nature and extent of the early workforce inequalities faced by postsecondary graduates with disabilities remains unclear. This paper draws on the 2005 cohort of Statistics Canada's National Graduates Survey to examine the early workforce outcomes of postsecondary graduates with disabilities. Contrary to theories of human capital, the results reveal significant earnings gaps between graduates with and without disabilities of various fields of study and levels of schooling. Further, graduates with a disability are even more disadvantaged in terms of securing employment, as they were significantly less likely to be employed full‐time, and were overrepresented among unemployed and part‐time workers across various fields of study and levels of postsecondary education.