雪域作家的智慧和追求——西藏改革开放30年文学发展述评

改革开放30年来,随着西藏经济文化建设的快速发展,西藏的文学事业取得了举世瞩目的成就.在上世纪50年代和60年代前期短暂的高峰之后,西藏文学在80年代开始"井喷","雪野诗"和"西藏魔幻现实主义"登上文学历史的舞台,藏文新文学创作日新月异,纪实文学开始崛起,小说创作更是有了新的突破.新时期出现的一大批在国内外有影响的作家和文学精品,不仅生动展示了新西藏的时代精神风貌,也实现了西藏文学"从高原走向世界"的梦想.     

改革开放30年西藏农村经济社会发展取得的成就

改革开放30年来,西藏农村经济、社会发展取得了举世瞩目的成就.文章通过列举自1978年以来西藏农村基础条件、农牧业综合生产能力、科学技术、乡镇企业、农牧民增收和社会事业等发展变化的具体数据,彰显西藏农村翻天覆地的发展变化,分析了西藏农村发展变化的基本经验.     

改革开放30年来我国民族地区扶贫开发的成就、措施及经验

改革开放30年来,民族地区扶贫开发取得了巨大成就,成为中国特色社会主义伟大事业的重要组成部分,为世人所赞誉.党和国家以及其他发达地区乃至全社会为民族地区扶贫开发采取了一系列行之有效的措施和政策,为少数民族地区扶贫开发工作提供了重要保障.经过30年的探索和实践,已初步形成了符合少数民族贫困地区扶贫开发实际的基本经验,凭借这些成功经验,少数民族贫困地区的扶贫开发将迎来更大的辉煌.     

西藏改革开放30年:历程、经验与启示

西藏在全国改革开放发生巨大变化的大背景下走上了生产发展、生态良好、人民生活水平不断提高的发展道路.但与全国改革开放的一般历程相比,西藏因社会发育程度、地理位置和环境、地缘政治、民族宗教、人口及素质等综合因素显示出自己独有特点,从而在实践经验与启示上都表现出一定的不同.文章根据西藏改革开放实践把30年划分为四个阶段,对西藏30年改革开放实践经验进行了基本梳理,并对今后更好更快地实施科学发展提出了一些启示.     

改革开放30年中东史研究述评

改革开放30年来,我国中东史研究取得了令人瞩目的成就,无论是科研成果和研究机构的数量、还是学术交流与人才培养的规模,都达到了前所未有的喜人局面.从学术史的角度对30年来中东史的研究历程进行一番梳理,肯定已经取得的巨大成就,找出尚存在的不足之处,提出今后的重点研究方向,对于推动中东史乃至中东学学科建设与发展具有重要意义.     

浅谈发展中的西藏高等教育

我国高等教育发展是在十分广阔的领域里进行的,除教育思想、教育体制外,涉及到教育制度、教育内容、教育方法、教育手段等各方面.从西藏教育发展的现实需要来看,由于经济社会发展的不平衡性以及教育发展相对落后于全国平均水平,西藏高等教育的发展,总体必须服从西藏经济和社会发展近期目标和远期目标的要求,坚持党的基本路线,坚持社会主义办学方向,使广大群众通过充分地享受教育的公平权利和在改革过程中不断增强民主的意识及参与能力,才能最大限度地提高西藏各民族人口的科学文化和思想道德素质,为西藏经济社会的全面进步做出应有贡献.     

新形势下西藏高等教育现代化的制约因素

"十一五"期间,在全面落实科学发展观、构建西藏和谐社会的重大战略思想指导下,西藏高等教育现代化将成为西藏发展的动力源。深入分析新形势下制约西藏高等教育发展的因素,是促进西藏高等教育现代化发展的必然要求。文章从分析新形势下制约西藏高等教育的经济、人口和基础教育发展现状等因素入手,提出了新形势下西藏高等教育发展的举措。     

改革开放30年来黑龙江省民族政策研究及其成效综述

本文论述了改革开放30年来黑龙江省民族政策实施及研究状况和成效。     

西藏高等教育理论研究的计量学分析

运用文献资料、数理统计和逻辑分析等方法,对西藏高等教育研究的学术论文及其分布状况、作者、研究内容等维度进行计量学分析,旨在对西藏高等教育的研究现状有一个全面而客观的了解,对该领域今后的研究路径进行趋势展望.     

西藏古代的体育教育

藏民族有着灿烂的古代文化,西藏的体育教育是西藏古代文化的重要组成部分。西藏最初的体育教育是与劳动紧密相关的。公元7世纪,随着西藏农牧经济的发展,吐蕃时期的文化也发展到相当程度,在历法、藏医学、藏式建筑、佛教翻译等文化背景下,吐蕃时期的教育得以不断向前发展,体育教育的内容也日渐丰富。元、明、清时期学校体育教育已成系统化,作为学校教育的主要内容。一、史前期的体育教育体育是教育的组成部分之一,只有当原始人类为了学会制造和使用生产工具,需要成年人对儿童作某些指导,儿童为了掌握制造和使用工具的方法,就需要看、听、说、…     

西藏社会发展与双语教育

西藏的社会经济发展和对外开放近年来进入了一个新的历史时期,面临许多前所未有的发展机遇,同时也必须应对多种考验。在工业化和现代化进程中,传授现代知识体系和技能的学校教育扮演着极为重要的角色。文章简略介绍了西藏地区教育研究的文献和西藏教育发展的历史,回顾了西藏自治区在双语教学方面的发展阶段,并对双语教学模式现状、如何建立教学授课体系以及当前西藏双语教育发展中存在的问题进行了讨论,最后讨论了在我国少数民族地区开展双语教育必须坚持的几个原则。     

西藏旅游研究三十年回顾及展望——基于CNKI相关论文的统计分析

依据中国期刊全文数据库中主题为"旅游(西藏)"目录下模糊检索到的论文样本,运用数理统计方法,对30年来西藏旅游研究进行梳理、分析后,得出:30年来,西藏旅游研究文献在数量上随时间推移呈不断加速的阶梯型上升趋势,在研究水平上也随时间推移呈现出跨越式的提高,在旅游研究方法上也逐渐向定量化、个案化、理论化转变,呈现出不断趋向良性、繁荣的发展态势.但与此同时,也存在学科框架体系不均衡、研究焦点与热点相对滞后、研究视角单一等问题.未来西藏的旅游研究重点为:在特殊地域及民族文化条件下旅游产业水平提升研究、区域旅游联合发展的研究、旅游管理机制转化研究、"跨越式"发展战略下的旅游资源、环境保护研究.西藏旅游研究亟待关注的空白点:旅游危机管理、旅游援藏、旅游社会学、旅游人类学等问题和学科.     

Transcending apartheid in higher education: transforming an institutional culture

Twenty years after Nelson Mandela became President of South Africa, deeply entrenched inequalities and injustices are still at the core of the country’s social fabric. South Africa’s public and private sectors continue to battle with the situation and higher education institutions are no exception. The South African Ministry of Education has identified systemic problems within the institutional cultures of universities as one of the key obstacles to change. This article focuses on a racist incident that occurred at the University of the Free State (UFS) in South Africa in 2007. The incident shook the university’s institutional culture to the core and became a catalyst for change for universities across the country. We portray the institutional culture of the UFS on the basis of a series of interviews with management and student leaders who personally played key roles in handling the incident in 2008. The interviews reveal some of the ‘story stock’ within the institutional culture and highlight four interrelated dimensions of contestation. The stories also show that the interviewees frequently situate and justify their beliefs and actions in an intergenerational chain. Finally we consider some of the implications of our findings for the ongoing reconstruction of post-apartheid institutional cultures in higher education.     

试论民族高等教育发展的几个问题

加入“WTO” ,对我国经济发展必然产生重大影响 ,同样也会波及到教育上来。本文认为民族教育毫无例外地要适应这种形势 ,抓住机遇 ,更新教学理念 ,注重科学教育与人文教育的紧密结合 ,加强基础学科教育 ,从整体上进行必要的调适 ,提高开放度 ,激发内在活力 ,加快自己的发展 ,不断增强满足民族地区社会发展需要的能力     

Fabulachia: urban,black female experiences and higher education in Appalachia

Abstract

This article draws on focus group conversations with black female college students attending a small, liberal arts institution in Kentucky. Based primarily on group interviews and discussions, as well as observations and analysis – a theoretical domain (referred to throughout the article as ‘Fabulachia’) emerged as a site-specific outcome of events and ideas regarding race, gender and identity experienced by the research participants. Specifically, ‘Fabulachia’ functions as a theoretical hybrid space in which urban (e.g. ‘ghetto fabulous’) black college student-voices find a sense of empowerment as they construct their own narratives of leaving ‘the hood’ to attend college in rural Appalachia. This project revises and updates previous research on race and rural identity/ies in order to situate the urban black female experience into an Appalachian context. Drawing on hip hop feminism and urban education based theoretical paradigms, the Fabulachia study seeks to give voice to black females in contemporary Appalachia, with attention to their self-proclaimed ‘ghetto fabulous’ identities honed in and through their urban upbringings. The unique experiences of (Fabulachian) black females are an important and largely absent part of larger conversations of the growing body of Urban education research that seeks to situate the black student/black youth and schooling experience in the US. In the Fabulachia study, a group of black female students shared personal narratives (part-oral history and part direct response) to prompts and queries about the role of hip hop culture, race and gender identity in their lives. They also discussed and debated what it means to be a black female in contemporary (often racist) Appalachia, and about how their families and urban surroundings influenced their processes of being and becoming in the context of higher educational achievement.     

肯定性行动计划与美国少数民族高等教育的发展

自 2 0世纪 60年代中期以来 ,美国实施肯定性行动计划 ,通过实行特别招生计划、加大对少数民族学生的财政资助、加强补习教育、开设少数民族研究课程等措施 ,有力地促进了美国少数民族高等教育的发展。但近年来 ,肯定性行动计划在美国引发了激烈的争论 ,一些州甚至取消了肯定性行动计划 ,这很可能导致美国少数民族高等教育的严重倒退     

Divergent pathways: the road to higher education for second-generation Turks in Austria

The article aims to explore immigrant educational pathways in relation to access to higher education (HE) in the Austrian context. Specifically focusing on Turkish youth, the author presents case studies of students who successfully entered HE in spite of their disadvantaged social, ethnic and geographic background. By further enhancing Ball’s distinction (Ball, Reay, and David 2002) between embedded and contingent choosers, the article provides an in-depth understanding of the cultural and structural context in which these students’ educational choices are played out. Finally, reaching out for Turner’s (1960 Turner, R. H. 1960. “Sponsored and Contest Mobility and the School System.” American Sociological Review 25 (6): 855–867.10.2307/2089982[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) notion of sponsored mobility, the article reflects on how the process of early selection reduces the opportunities for immigrant youth to access seemingly open and free HE.     

美国的平权措施与少数民族的高等教育

本文论述了美国联邦政府以及其他相关部门为改善黑人等少数民族高等教育状况提出的平权措施的起源、发展、效果以及社会对实施平权措施的反应.由于此项措施基本是以对公共教育的民主设想为基础的,所以其取得较明显效果是顺理成章的.     

Adapting to change in the higher education system: international student mobility as a migration industry

ABSTRACT

Of late there has been considerable interest in understanding international student mobility, and this has tended to focus on the perspective of the students who take part in this mobility. However, international students are part of a considerable migration industry comprised of international student recruitment teams, international education agents and other institutions selling an education overseas (such as the British Council in a UK context) and as yet there is little research which analyses these relationships. This paper investigates a series of interviews with international office staff to examine the methods they use to recruit international students, and in particular the relationship that they have with international education agents who work with them on a commission basis. It focuses on recent changes to the UK visa system which have led to a decline in the numbers of Indian students choosing to study towards a UK higher education. However, it also reveals that some universities have managed to avoid this trend. This paper investigates why this is the case, demonstrating that there is a need to think about the intersections between migration industries, visa regulations and international student mobility.