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在国家人口计生委的正确决策和亲自指导下,牡丹江市人口和计划生育综合改革走过了探索、实践、收获的3年路程.从最初的"试验田",到如今的"丰产田",其变化是深刻的,巨大的.现在来回顾和展望计划生育综合改革工作,正是"且将来路看前程"的恰当时机. 相似文献
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现阶段人口与计划生育的综合改革,是在我国社会转型和理论创新、制度创新和科技创新的背景下展开的,并随着改革的全面发展而逐步深化。中央《决定》的发布和《人口与计划生育法》的颁布实施,特别是党的十六大胜利召开,把人口与计划生育综合改革推到了一个攻坚性的关键阶段。全面推进综合改革已是社会经济改革发展的必然要求。在综合改革取得试点经验的基础上,本文对有关理论政策问题进行初步探讨。 相似文献
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以"人口安全"引领计划生育综合改革--来自宜昌市的调查 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章总结了宜昌市近年来计划生育综合改革的经验,探讨了未来时期计划生育综合改革的走向问题."3+S"推进方案是宜昌市综合改革的指导思想和实施方案.人口与计划生育综合改革实际上包括计划生育和人口发展两部分.前者解决的是生育、节育和不育问题;后者解决的是结构、功能和发展问题.计划生育改革要有助于而不能有害于人口的健康发展特别是人的全面发展.综合改革需要宏观的战略指导,而不能仅仅停留在机制的层面上,需要在理论和战略上认清一些问题. 相似文献
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一、认真总结,深刻认识新形势下全面推进综合改革、加快建立工作新机制的必要性和紧迫性在党中央、国务院的正确领导下,在国家人口计生委正确指导下,各省(区、市)党委政府和人口计生部门高度重视,切实推进人口和计划生育工作理论、思路、机制和方法创新,“十五”期间人口和计划生育工作发生了重大变化,取得了突破性进展。主要体现在以下八个方面:在指导思想方面,坚持以“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观统领人口和计划生育工作,对人口和计划生育工作重要地位和作用的认识不断深化;在法制建设方面,积极构建人口和计划生育法律体系,人口和计划… 相似文献
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人口与计划生育综合改革的核心是建立新机制,通过自身的变革,主动适应社会经济的发展变化,实现人口计生事业的健康持久发展.所谓新机制,不仅这一机制从理论层面具有一定的先进性,而且从操作层面能够体现超前性与可行性相结合,切实解决当前面临的主要矛盾和问题.具体而言,创新机制必须坚持"五个适应": 相似文献
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进行人口与计划生育综合改革,是为了贯彻落实中央《决定》精神,稳定低生育水平,探索做好新时期人口与计划生育工作新路子。绍兴市是国家计生委确定的全国16个人口与计划生育综合改革试点市之一,笔者就绍兴市人口与计划生育改革实践、与新时期工作要求存在的差距以及今后人口与计划生育工作发展的方向等问题进行了调研,以期为完成国家人口与计划生育综合改革试点任务提供决策依据。 相似文献
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关于人口和计划生育综合改革的实践与思考 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目前,人口和计划生育工作已进入一个新的发展时期。人口和计划生育事业要持续健康发展,必须顺应时代潮流,找到符合人口和计划生育工作发展的客观规律,用创新的精神和改革的办法解决在社会主义市场经济条件下影响人口和计划生育工作深入发展的关键问题。1 湖南人口和计划生育综合改革的有益探索推进人口和计划生育综合改革,由于各地基础不同、情况各异,内容、方法、步骤也将呈现出多样性。湖南作为中部内陆省份,相对于西部地区有着经济状况稍好、群众思想观念较进步等优势,但相对于东部沿海地区,却又存在经济活跃度低、城市化水平低、社会保… 相似文献
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Ira Rosenwalke 《Demography》1969,6(2):151-159
The basic data needed for measurement of the risks of termination of the legal relationship of marriage by characteristics of the marital partners are not available at this time for the United States because the national divorce registration area includes less than half the States. Special studies based on selected census data or the records of marriages and divorces occurring in one State or community have provided much of the valuable but limited information at hand. Statistics for individual States are subject to substantial bias as a consequence of inter-State migration between time of marriage and time of divorce, but they must serve as a basic data source until national reporting has improved. A record linkage study was undertaken which tied marriages occurring in the State of Maryland in 1959 with divorces occurring in the State in the years 1959–66. Relative, not actual, divorce risks by race, age at marriage, and previous marital status were calculated for couples with at least one partner an in-State resident at the time of marriage. The dissolution rate was higher for whites than for nonwhites. Marriages contracted by persons at very youthful ages and by persons who had been married previously were found subject to greater than average risks of dissolution through divorce. 相似文献
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城市计划生育技术服务方式创新--南京市玄武区政府购买计划生育技术服务的实践 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立政府牵头、计卫联手、资源共享的计划生育技术服务体系 ,开展以知识普及、知情选择、随访服务、咨询指导、健康促进为主要内容的计划生育避孕节育和生殖保健优质服务 ,最大限度地满足社区育龄群众在计划生育和生殖保健方面的需求 ,是城市计划生育技术服务改革发展的方向1 。近几年 ,南京市玄武区计划生育局在区委、区政府的领导以及省市计生委的支持下 ,根据新时期城市计划生育工作改革发展要求 ,积极推进政府计划生育部门的职能转变 ,探索计划生育技术服务方式的改革创新 ,尝试依托社区医疗卫生和妇幼保健服务网络 ,由政府购买计划生育… 相似文献
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Editorial Office; 《当代中国人口》2015,(2):3-5
On January 12,2015,at the regular press briefing of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC),NHFPC reported the major tasks in health and family planning in China in 2015.The details are as follows:In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform In-depth Development of Medical and Health System Reform. 相似文献
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New Zealand’s fertility fell below the theoretical replacement level (2.1 births per woman) for the first time in recorded
history in 1978. It has hovered at or below replacement level ever since. The result, an impression of relative stability,
belies changes taking place. Data from the 1981, 1996 and 2006 censuses show a pattern of delayed childbearing and increased
childlessness. In a little over 30 years, childlessness has shifted from being almost entirely a consequence of a couple’s
infecundity to being as frequently a result of a woman’s life choices. The steady rises in childlessness recorded by successive
cohorts suggest that childlessness is already having a significant effect on New Zealand fertility. Patterns in characteristics
of those women choosing not to start families, as well as subtle differences in these patterns between New Zealand and other
developed nations, suggest that there is a significant potential for childlessness to cause a more dramatic shift in New Zealand’s
total fertility rate. This analysis examines growth in childlessness in relation to marital status, country of birth, ethnicity,
regional and urban differentials, religion, and educational attainment of women who were childless at the 1981, 1996 and 2006
censuses.
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Robert DidhamEmail: |
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Tih-Fen Ting 《Population and environment》2004,25(4):299-317
The People's Republic of China, during the second half of the twentieth century, has been repeatedly affected by social and political upheavals associated with government policies. These have produced strong but unexpected impacts on Chinese demographic patterns. Many of these policies are of the sorts that alter reproductive costs and benefits. This study examines patterns in Hebei, Shaanxi, and Shanghai, three provinces with differing ecological, geographic, and economic characteristics. Government policies affected the three populations differentially; this was evident at both aggregate and individual levels. The Great Leap Forward and subsequent famine created higher birth deficits and mortality among the largely rural populations of Hebei and Shaanxi than the more urban Shanghai. In contrast, the Cultural Revolution and family planning resulted in lower fertility levels for women in Shanghai. The population history of China during the second half of last century thus reflects strong state interventions in the lives of its citizens. Government policies, along with regional variations in geographic, social, and economic conditions, strongly influence individual access to resources in China. Variations in timing and intensity of women's reproductive patterns reflect differential access to resources and subsequent trade-offs. 相似文献
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Marianela Denegri María José Baeza Natalia Salinas-Oñate Verónica Peñaloza Horacio Miranda Ligia Orellana 《Social indicators research》2014,117(2):505-521
Many studies have used Richins and Dawson’s (J Consum Res 19: 303–316, 1992) Material Values Scale (MVS), applying it to different types of populations that exhibit a particular psychometric behavior, and showing little stability in their factorial structure. In the present study, 1,070 pedagogy students from the northern, central and southern regions of Chile answered the MVS. This sample was randomly divided in two. Using the first sub-sample (N = 539), an exploratory factorial analysis was carried out, from which a structure of nine items was grouped into two factors called “Social Success” and “Personal Happiness”, which presented adequate reliability. Later, with the second sub-sample (N = 531), the factorial structure indicated above was put to the test through a confirmatory factorial analysis. The data from the model show that the scale contains 8 items in total, grouped into two dimensions. The factorial loads are significant at the level of 1 %, which indicates that the 2-factor structure can be confirmed. Finally—using the proposed structure—the presence of the students’ material values was evaluated. 相似文献
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本文在对近20年来我国城市发展进行回顾与反思的基础上,提出了西部制定城市发展战略和选择城市发展道路的基本原则以及若干城市发展对策措施. 相似文献
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Perenboom R.J.M. van Herten L.M. Boshuizen H.C. van den Bos G.A.M. 《Social indicators research》2004,65(2):227-244
Objectives: This paper describes anddiscusses trends in life expectancy inwellbeing between 1989 and 1998.Methods: Data on wellbeing by theBradburn Affect Balance Scale is obtained fromthe Netherlands Continuous Health InterviewSurveys for the calendar years from 1989 to1998. Using Sullivan's method, life expectancyin wellbeing is calculated.Results: For males at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing increases significantlyfrom 52.7 years in 1989 (90.1% of the totallife expectancy) to 54.4 years in 1998(90.8%). This increase is almost completelycaused by the increase in total lifeexpectancy. For females at the age of 16, lifeexpectancy in wellbeing raises significant from54.4 years in 1989 (84.1%) to 56.2 years in1998 (86.3%). This increase is almostcompletely caused by a decrease in the numberof years in a state of distress.For both males and females at the age of 65,the significant increase of life expectancy inwellbeing exceeds the increase in total lifeexpectancy and is mainly caused by the decreasein number of years in distress.Conclusion: Contrary to life expectancyin good perceived health and to disability freelife expectancy – which show a decreasing trend– the overall wellbeing of the population isincreasing. It seems that aspects in human lifethat contribute to wellbeing or quality of lifeother than physical health are gaining inimportance. This makes life expectancy inwellbeing a less appropriate instrument tomonitor changes in population health, but auseful instrument to measure population qualityof life. 相似文献
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Social Indicators Research - 相似文献