债转股对上市公司影响研究

债转股是国家为帮助国有大中型企业走出困境而采取的一项最新政策。采用实证分析的方法分析了债转股对上市公司的影响，并对债转股可能采取的方法以及对证券市场的影响进行了分析。文章的最后作者提出了对上市公司债转股的进一步思考。     

债转股企业控制权配置研究

债转股企业治理结构的一个重要方面是如何在拥有"内部人控制权"的企业经营者与资产管理公司之间配置控制权,这是完善债转股运作的重要内容.文章通过建立债转股企业控制权配置的数学模型,导出国企经营者为了获得债转股的"优惠"所必须放弃的控制权的均衡解,并分析了债转股谈判时原国有企业拥有的效益状况及其经营者的个人非货币收益大小(休闲等)等因素对债转股企业控制权配置的影响,进而得出资产管理公司必须根据债转股企业的实际绩效状况以及经营者的能力是否适应企业的发展要求而配置控制权的结论;同时,为了确保这种控制权威胁的实现,必须淡化政府于债转股运作的行政干预.     

基于债务协商视角的债转股定量研究

针对我国政府、企业和银行等金融机构共同关注的债转股问题，基于债务协商谈判思想，建立部分债务股权互换模型，计算公司证券价格，探讨了债转股对公司价值、破产概率、破产损失成本和资本结构的影响，给出了银行等债权人愿意债转股的充分条件。结果表明：在事先破产清算协议贷款下，事后全部债转股总能提高公司股权价值，但并不一定能提高债券价值。只有其协商谈判能力满足一定条件，公司债权人才愿意事后选择债转股，实现帕累托改进、提高社会福利水平。其次，在公司股东协商谈判能力的一定范围内，部分债转股能提高公司价值，其最优转股债息比例随着公司资产风险的增大而增加。再次，债转股能降低公司破产风险和破产损失成本，但同时也提高了债券风险溢价。最后，随着股东谈判能力增强，最优协商转股债务比例、杠杆率都减少，而债券风险溢价增大。本文所得结果对我国政府、企业和银行如何实施债转股提供理论参考和实践指导。     

债转股运作机制分析

债转股曾经被看为是解决国企问题的一剂良药，各资产管理公司一年多的运作实践表明债转股还存在许多亟待解决的问题。从债转股的运作机制和运作流程两个角度出发，对债转股运作中存在的问题进行分析，并提出相应的解决方法。     

“债转股”并非“一转就灵”

所谓“债转股” ,就是银行将对企业的债权转换为资产管理公司的股权 ,理想的“债转股”行为确实具有“双赢”效应。企业“债转股”后 ,债务变成了资本金 ,免去了大笔还本付息的费用 ,企业债务状况得到改善。银行可以盘活不良资产 ,增加资产流动性 ,提高信用地位。但实际上 ,由于我国国有企业存在着普遍亏损的特殊情况 ,而“债转股”对国企经营业绩的促进作用又很有限。因此 ,将“债转股”当作整体上“救活”庞大的国有经济体系的“灵丹妙药” ,难免有些“想当然”了。一、国企“债转股”面临的特殊情况１、我国银行的呆帐率较高。除少数因素…     

债转股股权管理体系的探索

国企改革多年来被作为经济体制改革的中心环节。尽管改革不断深化,但国有大企业机制不合理、社会负担重、创新能力弱等问题依然比较严重。深化国有企业改革,仍然是经济体制改革中最繁重的任务。作为一项国有企业改革与解困的政策措施的债转股虽然执行多年,但由于没有相应的债转股股权所涉及的国有资产管理体制改革相配套,资产管理公司拥有的债转股股权迟迟不能退出而处在尴尬的“阶段性持股”阶段,债转股进程迟迟难以推进。解决当前困境的措施是,健全债转股股权管理体系,弱化政府的行政干预,规范债转股股权管理方式,正确对资产管理公司定位,强化债转股企业董事会成员的任命与培训。     

关于债转股若干问题的研究

我国提出实施债转股却是在国有企业３年脱困的大背景下提出的 ,在这种特定的条件和背景下 ,债转股的对象和意义与传统理论的内涵有很大的不同：（１）我国的债转股对象不仅仅是很差的企业 ,而且包含相当部分的竞争力较强的企业。（２）债转股的目的不仅仅是保全银行资产 ,更重要的是加快实现债权转股权的国有大中型亏损企业转亏为盈 ,实现国有企业３年改革脱困的目标。５１２家重点国有大中型企业是重要的备选对象。（３）哪些企业债转股、转多少债 ,不仅仅取决于银行和企业双方协商 ,更主要的是政府的导向意见。政府首先确定了债转股的总体…     

市场化债转股下的法律冲突与法治保障

债转股虽然在我国已经实施过,但是基于过去债转股由政府主导,在实施过程中所体现的与国家体制、机制、观念、法律方面发生的冲突和矛盾并没有被得到有效解决,甚至出现偏差和失误。债转股原有的法律、法规中与债转股实施有冲突的应该做出修改,而不是顾此失彼地回避,没有法律依据的事项应当予以立法,保证有法可依、有章可循。笔者欲从债转股实施与现行法律规范的冲突进行分析,以期为债转股的再次推行提供更健全的法治保障。     

对债转股中"非理性行为"的理性思考

债转股中,各利害相关人的行为表面上看是非理性的,但在进一步分析下,又都是理性行为。债转股企业的评审与评审后的经营管理是债转股成败的关键。     

债转股:又一顿免费午餐?

<正> 多年来国有企业高负债率问题引起了决策部门和理论界的高度关注。出于改善银行资产质量、降低金融风险、缓解国有企业债务负担的目的,从去年开始进行了部分国有企业债转股改革。随四大国有商业银行各自资产管理公司的组建,债转股正式实施。据《人民日报》2000年2月19日报道,截止到2000年1月下旬,国家经贸委已审查推荐了债转股企业601户,拟转股总额4596亿元。     

Educational Landscapes and Urban Development. Contextual and Spatial Interfaces and Linkages

In the broad sociopolitical discussion on education quality within the last decade, it has become apparent that education is gaining importance for urban development, as well as space and the urban context are important dimensions of education. This becomes particularly evident in concepts for local educational landscapes (Ger. Bildungslandschaften). The young field of research on educational landscapes is currently lacking empirical research from spatial and planning sciences. In the paper, the current state of scientific research on educational landscapes in Germany and Europe and first insights to contextual and spatial interfaces and linkages between education and urban development in general are presented.     

Inventory Models with Continuous and Poisson Demands and Discounted and Average Costs

We develop a new, unified approach to treating continuous‐time stochastic inventory problems with both the average and discounted cost criteria. The approach involves the development of an adjusted discounted cycle cost formula, which has an appealing intuitive interpretation. We show for the first time that an (s, S) policy is optimal in the case of demand having a compound Poisson component as well as a constant rate component. Our demand structure simultaneously generalizes the classical EOQ model and the inventory models with Poisson demand, and we indicate the reasons why this task has been a difficult one. We do not require the surplus cost function to be convex or quasi‐convex as has been assumed in the literature. Finally, we show that the optimal s is unique, but we do not know if optimal S is unique.     

E-governance and Corruption-developments and Issues in Ethiopia

This paper reports the results of a survey of 400 respondents in Ethiopia about factors generating corruption and the potential of e-Governance to mitigate corruption. It is suggested that e-Governance can help not only in weeding out corruption but also in the establishment of sounder government citizen relationships in Ethiopia. While e-Governance cannot cure all the structural factors that breed corruption in the society, strategic implementation of e-Governance can help improve the critical variable in combating corruption-government citizen relationships. It is argued that while e-Governance initiatives can make important contributions to improving public services they can best do so by helping improve overall relationships between governments and citizens.

CEO and Chairperson characteristics and firm performance

This paper focuses on the relationship between Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chairperson characteristics and firm performance. Specifically, the study examines the association between the characteristics of the CEO and the Chairperson of the board and firm performance. Using a sample of S&P 500 firms, the evidence found suggests that demographic and experience-related characteristics may be associated with the market valuation and financial performance of the firm. In particular, the reported results indicate a positive relationship between the presence of female CEOs or Chairs and firm performance, thus suggesting that gender-based differences may affect the CEO’s/Chairperson’s success. Moreover, the findings concerning the age of the CEO or Chair are mixed, while their experience and quality appear positively related to firm performance. Interestingly, a CEO or Chairperson holding multiple board seats is negatively associated with firm performance, whereas CEO duality has a positive relationship with Tobin’s Q and the return on assets (ROA) of the firm.     

David and Goliath: causes and effects of coopetition between start-ups and corporates

Coopetition (collaboration between competitors) among young firms (i.e. start-ups) and larger, more established firms (i.e. corporates) may be beneficial for both partners as each party typically has something to offer that is missing in the other. Start-ups often develop innovative ideas, are flexible and agile, willing to take risks, and aspire to achieve high growth, but they tend to lack the required resources, capabilities, and knowledge due to their newness and smallness. Corporates have resources, routines, and experience that enable them to work efficiently but lack a certain innovation capability. Research has suggested that coopetition represents an opportunity for start-ups facing restrictions in resources, while corporates benefit from start-ups’ innovative ideas. However, it is yet unknown whether start-ups and corporates engage in coopetition with each other and, if so, how and why they do this. This study seeks to fill this void by exploring the motives of coopeting start-ups and corporates, how they manage their coopetitive relationship, and what implications occur including potential benefits and risks. We present a multiple case study based on qualitative data collected through 70 interviews with Austrian-based start-ups and corporates representing 35 coopetitive partnerships. Discussing the findings based on our data, we propose relationships concerning coopetition and its role to enlarge resource- and technology-bases as well as its role in the development of dynamic capabilities.     

Career orientations and career success among research,and development and engineering professionals

Managing the careers of research, development and engineering (RD&E) professionals is important to the strategic use of RD&E in the economy. Appropriate mechanisms for motivating RD&E professionals will probably emerge as a critical success factor for organizations that want to compete in world markets. This study examines dimensions and levels of career orientation and their correlations with individual and work-related outcome variables among 78 RD&E professionals. The findings reveal a rich diversity of career orientation in RD&E professionals. The data strongly suggest that RD&E professionals are service, lifestyle and security oriented. However, they scored low on technical orientation and entrepreneurship. This paper suggests that the dual career ladder is not an effective device for managing RD&E professionals. Organizations must be careful to provide career paths that retain and motivate workers and, more importantly, find matches between organizational needs and individuals' needs, and restructure jobs accordingly. The authors offer suggestions for future research and identify implications for management.     

Modeling Pathology Workload and Complexity to Manage Risks and Improve Patient Quality and Safety

Anatomic pathology (AP) laboratories provide critical diagnostic information that help determine patient treatments and outcomes, but the risks of AP operations and their impact on patient safety and quality of care remain poorly recognized and undermanaged. Hospital-based laboratories face an operational and risk management challenge because clinical work of unknown quantity and complexity arrives with little advance notice, which results in fluctuations in workload that can push operations beyond planned capacity, leading to diagnostic delays and potential errors. Modeling the dynamics of workload and complexity in AP offers the opportunity to better use available information to manage risks. We developed a stock-and-flow model of a typical AP laboratory operation and identified key exogenous inputs that drive AP work. To test the model, we generated training and validations data sets by combining data from the electronic medical records and laboratory information systems over multiple years. We demonstrate the implementation of 10-day AP work forecast generated on a daily basis, and show its performance in comparison with actual work. Although the model somewhat underpredicts work as currently implemented, it provides a framework for prospective management of resources to ensure quality during workload surges. Although full implementation requires additional model development, we show that AP workload largely depends on few and accessible clinical inputs. Recognizing that level loading of work in a hospital is not practical, predictive modeling of work can empower laboratories to triage, schedule, or mobilize resources more effectively and better manage risks that reduce the quality or timeliness of diagnostic information.     

Work and shopping overflow — Consequences and differentiation among selected psychological and demographic characteristics

Contemporary individuals are forced to deal with excessive stimulation, which causes an overload in the cognitive and emotional areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible factors differentiating the perceived level of work and shopping overflow experienced by individuals and consequences of these states. Two psychological variables: cognitive control and sensation seeking, are chosen as potential factors differentiating the perceived levels of overflow. We assume that individuals with high cognitive control and sensation seeking will report lower levels of both types of examined overflows. Experiencing low overflow levels may manifest in the search for additional stimuli, rather than in the desire to limit them. Two indexes of behavior connected to seeking extra stimulation are selected: one belonging to the area of consumer behavior (readiness to participate in the experience economy) and one belonging to vocational behavior (choosing a boundaryless career). The quantitative study is conducted on a sample of 297 management students who are currently employed. The research results support the relation between cognitive control and perceived level of work and shopping overflow. Individuals who can cognitively control the situation and the incoming stimuli report lower levels of overflow. No significant relationship between sensation seeking and the level of overflow is found. The demographic variables that influence the perceived overflow are age and salary for work overflow and age for shopping overflow. As far as consequences of overflow are concerned, a low level of shopping overflow is related to readiness to participate in the experience economy. However, there is no link between work overflow and preferred career pattern. The managerial implications for human resource management and marketing strategy design are discussed.     

Review and reappraisal of modelling and predicting mental workload in single- and multi-task environments

The concept of mental workload has long been recognized as an important factor in individual performance within complex systems. It is documented that either overload or underload may degrade performance, and further affect the efficiency of the whole system. Therefore, systems designers need some explicit models to predict the mental workload imposed on individuals by the system at an early design phase so that alternative system designs can be evaluated. In examining mental-workload literature, it is found that few predictive mental-workload models have considered factors specific to individuals. This research aims to develop a practical framework for predicting mental workload in both single- and multi-task environments considering such individual factors. In order to describe mental workload more precisely and more completely, a framework for mentalworkload definitions, which contains instantaneous workload, average workload, accumulated workload, peak workload and overall workload, is proposed. In order to model individual factors, two new variables, i.e. effective workload and ineffective workload, are introduced to model the taskgenerated workload and individual-generated workload. The extension of the model to multi-task environments is also discussed. The proposed conceptual models are domain-independent and could be used to guide the development of operational models for different specific tasks.