狂欢化文学 ——对美国约瑟夫·海勒和英国戴维·洛奇作品的巴赫金论解读

巴赫金在他的著作《陀思妥耶夫斯基诗学问题》中提出了狂欢化理论,即文学的狂欢化和双重性,这在当时引起很大轰动,这一理论也被称为世界文学领域的重大发现.英国作家戴维·洛奇曾深入研究巴赫金的理论,并运用在自己的创作中;美国作家约瑟夫·海勒的作品也是黑色幽默加狂欢化风格.这两位作家都是英美文学领域的带头人物,以巴赫金的狂欢化文学存在论解读两位带头人物的作品,就可以理解狂欢化文学的基本特点.     

狂欢化文学——对美国约瑟夫·海勒和英国戴维·洛奇作品的巴赫金论解读

巴赫金在他的著作《陀思妥耶夫斯基诗学问题》中提出了狂欢化理论,即文学的狂欢化和双重性,这在当时引起很大轰动,这一理论也被称为世界文学领域的重大发现。英国作家戴维·洛奇曾深入研究巴赫金的理论,并运用在自己的创作中;美国作家约瑟夫·海勒的作品也是黑色幽默加狂欢化风格。这两位作家都是英美文学领域的带头人物,以巴赫金的狂欢化文学存在论解读两位带头人物的作品,就可以理解狂欢化文学的基本特点。     

哈尼族宗教组织与双重性社会结构——以箐口村"摩匹-咪谷"为例

哈尼族延续至今的两种神职人员摩匹与咪谷,立足于当地血缘和地缘关系,以各自的宗教功能,形成了相互补充的"摩匹-咪谷"宗教组织.哈尼族以村寨为基点,血缘、地缘关系逐层裂化地交替作用,最终构筑起该民族独特的双重性社会结构.对箐口村的田野调查表明,"摩匹-咪谷"组织从血缘和地缘不同方向出发,高度同构地与这种双重性社会结构进行着有效互动.     

玛尔简的天鹅琴声

认识玛尔简是在2006年鲜花盛开的5月。当时，民族文学杂志社和《中国民族》杂志联合主办了“全国人口较少民族作家研讨班”，来自不同地域和民族的40多位作家相聚北京。开幕式上，身着各种民族服装的作家们花团锦簇欢声笑语，裕固族的女作家玛尔简就是那样令人眼前一亮地出现在了我们面前。     

论少数民族教育双重性

本文以文化背景为切入点，论述了少数民族教育双重性的含义、内容、结构及第一重性与第二重性之间的辩证关系。阐述了我国少数民族教育双重性在教育特点、学校体制、管理体制、教育目的、教育内容、教学用语、教材编写、教师队伍、学生毕业流向等方面的具体表现；简述了日本、马来西亚、澳大利亚、加拿大、美国等国家的民族教育的双重性，以实例论证了民族教育双重性命题的“普遍性”。此外，从对少数民族教育文化背景宏观分析入手，揭示了少数民族教育双重性的客观根源以及在少数民族教育文化背景问题上的两种错误倾向     

简讯三则

“首都作家采访团”采访巴林右旗杨盛龙国家民委政策法规司组织的“首都作家赴巴林右旗采访团”，8月初在内蒙古巴林右旗采访一周。著名蒙古族作家、文学史家特·赛音巴雅尔等一行六位作家采访了巴林右旗的扶贫开发、沙漠治理、草库伦建设、巴林石开发、那达慕大会等、还考察了当地的历史文化、民俗风情。作家们将创作发表一批反映该旗两个文明建设的散文、纪实文学、新闻报导和摄影作品。第六届民族运动会发行纪念币第6届全国少数民族传统体育运动会8月和9月分别在拉萨和北京举行。为了纪念这一民族体育盛会,第6届民族运动会组委会向海内外…     

略谈高校伙食工作的双重性及民主办伙

略谈高校伙食工作的双重性及民主办伙高文孝（哲里木畜牧学院总务处）伙食工作是高校后勤管理工作的重要组成部分。伙食工作的好坏，不仅直接关系到学生的身心健康，而且是关系到高校稳定和发展的重要环节之一。搞好伙食工作，必须紧紧围绕伙食工作的双重性，形成全院师生...     

民族自治地方行政管理特色初探

民族自治地方的行政管理是中国行政管理工作的有机构成部分.民族自治地方的行政管理具有鲜明的特色,在行政管理环境、行政职能、行政权力、行政组织、人事行政方面,较之非民族自治地方有显著的不同,具有双重性的特点.     

以《柳毅传书》为例简论元杂剧中的市民意识

元杂剧中的很多作品都改编自唐代传奇小说.然而本质上,已经和"稗官野史"类的唐传奇有了很大的不同.例如元杂剧作家尚仲贤,就将唐代李朝威所作的传奇小说《柳毅传》改编成了元杂剧《柳毅传书》.在剧本里加入了唐传奇小说所无法做到的表演形式,让思想更接近于市民们的意识层面.之前小说中的故事传奇性已经开始减弱,而更偏近于对人现实处境的刻画.故事中体现更多的,是普遍的市民意识而不是直接对社会黑暗的揭露.     

鹰嘴界:掀起娇羞的盖头来

<正>真像一位娇羞地用浓雾作头巾将自己盖住的新娘!其实,彭见明、廖静仁、向本贵这些名字响当当的作家、艺术家们,是十分和蔼可亲的。要不,为何这么千里     

The Socioeconomic Attainments of Non-immigrant Cambodian, Filipino, Hmong, Laotian, Thai, and Vietnamese Americans

Using recent American Community Survey data, this study investigates socioeconomic attainments of six ethnic groups of Southeast Asian Americans. Findings show that the educational attainment of Filipinos, Vietnamese, and Thai is higher than that of whites, while the educational attainment of Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians is lower than that of whites. Regarding earnings, Southeast Asian American women are generally not disadvantaged relative to white women, but Southeast Asian American men tend to have lower earnings than white men after controlling for education and other demographic factors such as age, metropolitan residence, and region. We conclude that Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians are the most disadvantaged groups among Southeast Asian Americans and that most Southeast Asian American male groups tend to be at least slightly disadvantaged in the labor market at least after controlling for metropolitan residence and region.     

革命,民族,现代性——关于中共陕甘宁边区政府回族干部的考论

抗日战争时期,在团结抗日的目标条件下,群众团体成为中国社会各阶层的动员和组织的重要形式。在众多回族抗日群众团体中,成立于1938年的中国回民救国协会是影响深远的回族群众团体,为了更好地动员和团结各民族,1940年在延安成立了第一个少数民族抗日群众团体—延安回民救国协会,同年还成立了中国回民救国协会陕甘宁分会。通过对延安回民救国协会的观察和研究,以及对回族基层干部的关注,可以了解到回族基层干部主要是中共中央基层组织培养和教育的结果。本文以金浪白和马文良为例,研究他们的经历、参加中国革命的契机,以及他们在中国共产党回族政策中的作用。此外,通过对其他回族干部来源调查,研究中国共产党如何选拔录用回族干部,并与鄂豫皖根据地选拔与录用干部方式的加以比较,探讨回族干部选拔录取方式的特点,提出有关回族妇女干部的新观点。     

Islam,Moderation, Radicalism,and Justly Balanced Communities

If media outlets and political rhetoric are to be believed, then the way to counter “radical” Islam is through “moderate” Islam. Seemingly, “moderate” Islam is that which “radical” Islam is not. In appointing “moderate” Islam as an antidote to “radical” Islam, the implication is that, conceptually at least, the two terms are contradistinctive. Yet, while much is, perceivably, known about “radical” Islam, with its associated ills of an unequivocal Islamic worldview, very little attention has been afforded to this signifier, “moderate”. Inasmuch as this term is bandied around, even scholars of Islam will acknowledge that, within Islamic education, understandings of and debates on conceptions of moderation, and moderate Muslim communities, have been somewhat overlooked. What, therefore, is a “moderate” Islam? What is a “moderate” Muslim community and how would it act? What are the implications for a “moderate” community in relation to pluralist societies? And, can such a “moderate” community offer a practical response not only to “radical” Islam, but, perhaps, more importantly, to increasingly antagonistic, liberal contexts?     

Migration,masculinity, and family

Previous studies of migration, family, and gender have shown that migration is not only an event that changes family life, the change itself is a gendered process. How migrant women develop strategies to cope with challenges posed by either their own migration or their husbands’ migration has been widely studied. However, how migrant men adjust and change their care practices and domestic roles to accommodate challenges brought about by migration to their family lives has not been as extensively explored. Using interview data gathered from male rural-to-urban migrant workers in South China, this paper fills this gap by studying male migrants’ agency and masculinity through the concept of masculine compromise. Masculine compromise delineates how migrant men strive to respond to changing family circumstances triggered by migration while maintaining the gender boundaries that underpin their dominance within the family. As a concept, masculine compromise underscores the material impact of migration on gender practices and family life; and the limited effect it has on gender attitudes and identity. Masculine compromise provides a feminist lens to analyse the complex effect of migration on changing masculinity and gender relationships within the family.     

Race, Genetic Ancestry, and Health

Knowledge from human genetic research continuously challenges the notion that race and biology are inextricably linked, with implications across biomedical and public health disciplines. However, biomedical research continues to explore health and disease under a racial framework ignoring and at times confounding the identification of true biological and/or environmental risk factors. Within this article, we present a brief overview of the use of race in biomedical research and studies of human genome variation and how genetic ancestry may help us understand health disparities. We believe that the casual use of “race” to define groups in biomedical research has contributed to our limited understanding of complex disease etiology and risk factors driving health disparities.     

Bushfire catastrophe in Victoria,Australia: public record,accountability, commemoration,memorialization and heritage protection

In Australia, 7 February 2009 has become known as ‘Black Saturday’ because of the bushfire catastrophe that took 173 lives and devastated communities in the central parts of the State of Victoria. The paper considers how the 2009 fires have been recorded, how the issue of accountability has been dealt with, particularly in relation to the State and its agencies but also individual residents in the fire-devastated areas, and how bushfire deaths and other losses have been commemorated through remembrance events and museum collection projects and memorialized through the creation of new monuments and the protection of remaining physical structures as official heritage. Despite the major impact of bushfires on the State, to date few bushfire-related places have been protected. The former Cockatoo Kindergarten, which acted as a community refuge during an earlier catastrophic Victorian bushfire on Ash Wednesday, 16 February 1983, is an exception. Inscribed in 2012, the former kindergarten is the only bushfire-related place inscribed on the Victorian Heritage Register, in this case for its historical and social value as a place resonating with other communities affected by other bushfires and helping the broader Victorian public to come to terms with bushfire catastrophe. But, while bushfire commemoration activities and physical memorials, like those relating to war, help many societies remember individual and community pain and suffering, they can divert attention from the more fundamental questions of why they were there in the first place and what must be done to ensure the same catastrophe does not recur in the future. In this regard, the paper questions the oft-cited claim that bushfires are embedded in the Australian psyche, seeing links between the rhetoric around bushfire survival and Australian myth-making and nation-building.     

Colorful Reflections: Skin Tone,Reflected Race,and Perceived Discrimination among Blacks,Latinxs, and Whites

Race and Social Problems - How do Black, Latinx, and White people who believe they are mistaken as a member of another racial group perceive the amount of racial discrimination they experience, and...     

论"民族"(上)

本文标题中列出的一连串概念 -术语 ,成为目前处于社会科学各学科 (从民族学到哲学 )关注中心的一组问题。С·Е·雷巴科夫的佳作———《民族的哲学》① ———是对民族问题(этнонациональнаяпроБлематика)进行哲学思考的鲜明实例。这部著作以其对于至今仍然是争论对象的现象 ( феномен)的独到见解而著称 ,因为它 (指现象———译者 )是如此自相矛盾和形态多样 ,以至无论怎样也不想去硬套某种理论或观念。《民族的哲学》的作者在分析有关民族问题的大量著作的过程中采用了另外一种科学方法 ,我深信 ,…     

Enoch Powell,empires, immigrants and education

2018 marks the 50th anniversary of Enoch Powell’s infamous ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech, an intervention that is still viewed as one of the most incendiary statements of the perceived decay and violence likely to follow legislation intended to assure minoritised British citizens of equal rights regardless of their ethnic origin. In this essay, Sally Tomlinson (one of Britain’s foremost multicultural theorists) reflects on Powell’s legacy and the contemporary scene where in the US, UK and across Europe, White resentment and fear is increasingly shaping ‘mainstream’ debates about nationhood, migration and education.