促进人口均衡发展 提高国防建设水平

国防人口学是一门新兴学科,虽然我国开展这一领域的研究只有20年,但已建立了完善的学科体系,并在研究国防人口建设战略规划、社会环境对国防人口建设的重大影响、国防人口发展对国防安全的影响、国防人力资源开发等方面取得了重要成就,在人口科学和国防科学中占有重要地位。     

人口政策与人力资源开发

人口政策是宏观调控人口数量和质量的政策 ,是对国家未来发展具有决定性影响的战略政策。一个国家的人口政策如何 ,将会极大地影响这个国家的人口发展 ,影响人力资源的发展方向和发展趋势 ,进而影响到国家未来社会经济的发展和国家的综合国力。我国的人口政策 ,在促使人力资源数量与社会经济发展相适应 ,提高人力资源的身体素质和科学文化素质 ,促进人力资源的合理利用方面 ,发挥了巨大的作用 ,产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益     

知识经济时代我国企业人力资源发展及对策

知识经济时代,企业所面临的市场环境及人力资源都发生了深刻的变化,对企业组织及社会产生了深远的影响。人力资源作为企业组织取得和维系竞争优势的关键要素,也必然发生巨大的变化。我国知识经济时代企业人力资源也发生了各种变化,从变化中总结经验,确定我国企业人力资源的未来发展对策。     

西部开发中的人口环境分析

人口环境是对社会经济发展有重要影响和制约作用的人口条件,西部开发面临的人口环境是人力资源素质低,缺乏高层次人才,少数民族人口增长压力大,人口资源环境关系不协调,人口回流造成中心城市流动人口增加。上述人口环境的改善,缺乏两个重要基础,一是吸引人才的动力机制,二是培养人才的教育条件。改善人口环境需要重视人口规划,树立可持续发展观念,借鉴东部地区的人口控制经验,加强对西部人口问题的研究,促进人口科学的发展。     

企业员工招聘问题浅析

一、企业员工招聘及其意义企业员工招聘是指组织为了发展的需要,根据人力资源规划和工作分析的数量及质量要求,通过多种方法和途径,吸收人力资源的过程。员工招聘内容主要包括招募、选择、录用、评估等一系列活动过程。招聘对企业人力资源管理具有非常重要的意义。1·招聘的质量直接关系到企业人力资源的质量。新补充人员的素质不仅决定着其个人今后的绩效,而且影响着企业今后的发展。2·招聘可起到扩大企业影响的作用。企业在利用电视、报纸、广播等各种各样的媒体发布招聘信息的过程中,无形之中也起到了宣传企业和扩大企业影响的作用。3·…     

人力资源外包管理再探索

本文对人力资源外包管理涵义进行了明确的概括,并结合目前国内、外人力资源外包管理发展现状,分析了“外包”管理的优势与动机,对“外包”项目范围进行了界定。论文重点阐述了“外包”的六种方案,指出了“外包”可能引致企业机密外泄和不利于企业人力资源管理技能、经验和员工积极性提高等问题,同时提出了解决这些问题的一般思路。     

人力资本贬值预期对女性生育决策的影响——基于职业生涯动态视角的分析

人口负增长形势下，提振女性生育水平和提高人力资源利用效率对完善新时代人口发展战略、促进人口高质量发展和推进中国式现代化具有重要意义。文章从职业生命周期视角考察了人力资本预期贬值情况对职业女性生育决策的影响，并使用2010～2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据和O*NET数据研究发现，职业生涯中预期人力资本较早贬值将促使女性推迟生育，并降低生育二孩的概率。异质性分析发现，上述效应主要体现在由技能更新、工作竞争属性引致的外部人力资本快速贬值群体中；对于因体力限制、职业危害所致的内部人力资本快速贬值群体，相应影响并不显著。文章研究结论为理解当代职业女性的生育行为提供了新的视角，也为合理开发利用人力资源、促进女性实现适度生育水平提供了经验参考。     

21世纪中国人口问题透析

江泽民总书记在全国人口、资源、环境座谈会上提出应该重视和研究人口问题 ,面对 2 1世纪经济全球化、信息化等社会和自然科学的发展 ,结合其对人口科学和人口管理带来革命性的影响 ,本文分析了人口总量控制与低生育水平下的生育政策、劳动人口数量的增长与就业等八方面的问题 ,从一种不同的视角来看待 2 1世纪中国人口问题 ,提出了自身独到的见解。     

浅析战略人力资源管理在现代企业经营中的作用

随着人力资源工作使命的不断得到提升,人力资源管理正愈来愈从事务性走向战略性。作为一种新观点、新思想的战略人力资源管理逐步形成并日益成为企业,乃至所有组织进行人力资源管理实践的指导原则。一、战略人力资源管理的涵义在战略人力资源管理范畴上,存在着多种不同的说法,综合各家观点,我们可以看到其共同的地方,即:战略人力资源管理从企业经营的战略性目标出发,从事人力资源管理活动和改进人力资源部门的工作方式、发展组织文化,以提高组织总体和长期绩效的人力资源管理活动模式。战略人力资源管理工作要求组织的人力资源管理和组织的…     

多状态生命表模型在人力资源规划中的应用研究

本文针对企业人力资源变动的结构性特征,将人口统计分析中的多状态生命表模型应用于企业人力资源规划中,并应用此模型对某一企业人力资源状况进行详细的分析研究,验证这一模型在人力资源规划中的可行性,揭示我国企业人力资源流动现状。     

创业期科技型中小企业人力资源管理困境分析

创业期科技型中小企业由于规模小、进入市场时间短,对如何充分发挥人力资源的作用缺乏研究和认识,造成人员大量、频繁地流动,使企业在管理、研发、创新等方面缺乏持续的人力资源来源。创业期科技型中小企业的人力资源管理问题已经越来越成为制约其发展的瓶颈。对此提出转变人力资源管理观念;有意识地培养企业文化和团队精神;灵活运用物质激励与精神激励措施;形成切实可行的培训体系等对策。     

Frankly speaking - is it too late?

6 authorities in the field of population studies and family planning answer questions about the future of mankind with respect to population and the availability of resources. Malthusian-type disaster situations develop gradually, but human ingenuity will make an effort to combat them. People must be aware of the finiteness of natural resources and try to use natural resources more responsibly. "Triage" philosophy is not viable in today's society. We must plan for the future, but plans should be flexible enough to change as people change. Environmental pollution and overpopulation are closely related problems. Although we have gained a measure of control over our physical environment, this control must be increased in order to solve the problems of modern society.     

论知识经济时代的人力资源开发

知识经济时代呼唤重视人力资源开发。我国是世界上人口最多的国家 ,但是 ,人口总体素质不高 ,是我国经济发展的重要障碍。当前 ,必须加大人力资本投资 ,实现从人口大国到人力资源大国的转变 ,以迎接知识经济时代的挑战。     

人口增长压力下的环境治理途径分析与启示

不断增长的人口压力和对环境资源的不合理利用已经严重影响了生态环境的可持续性,因此,必须选择科学有效的环境治理途径来解决这一问题。环境治理按照不同的治理思路可以分为“法律管制型”、“经济激励型”和“公众参与型”三种途径,三者各有利弊。结合人口增长压力趋强这一基本国情,我们认为,在逐渐明晰环境产权制度和完善环境市场监督机制的基础上,强调公众参与的环境治理思路是我国环境治理的根本途径和战略目标。     

Population,resources, environment: an uncertain future

This issue analyzes the economic and environmental consequences of rapid population growth in developing countries (LDC), the population decline in developed countries, the limits that life on a finite planet impose on economic and demographic expansion and progress, and the proper governmental response to promote the welfare of its current and future citizens. The links between population growth, resource use, and environmental quality are too complex to permit straightforward generalizations about direct causal relationships. However, rapid population growth has increased the number of poor people in LDC, thus contributing to degradation of the environment and the renewable resources of land, water, and nonhuman species on which humans depend. Demands of the rich industrial countries have also generated environmental pressures and have been foremost in consumption of the nonrenewable resources of fossil fuels, metals, and nonmetallic minerals. On the other hand, population and economic growth have also stimulated technological and management changes that help supply and use resources more effectively. Wide variations in the possible ultimate size of world population and accelerating technological change make future interrelationships of population, resources, and the environment uncertain as well as complex. Those interrelationships are mediated largely by government policies. Responsible governments can bring about a sustainable balance in the population/resource/environment equation by adopting population and development policies that experience has shown could reduce future population numbers in LDC below the additional 5 billion indicated in current UN medium projections. This coupled with proven management programs in both LDC and developed countries could brake and reverse the depletion and degradation of natural resources.     

Renewable resources and population growth: Past experiences and future prospects

The links between population growth, resource use, and environmental quality are too complex to permit straightforward generalizations about direct causal relationships. Rapid population growth, however, has increased the number of poor people in developing countries, thus contributing to the degradation of the environment and the renewable resources of land, water, and nonhuman species on which humans depend. Demands of the rich industrial countries have also generated environmental pressures and have been foremost in the consumption of the so-called nonrenewable resources: fossil fuels, metals, and minerals. On the other hand, population and economic growth have also stimulated technological and management changes that help supply and use resources more effectively. Wide variations in the possible ultimate size of world population and technological change make future interrelationships of population, resources, and the environment uncertain as well as complex. But those interrelationships are mediated largely by government policies. Responsible governments can bring about a sustainable balance in the population/resource/environment equation by adopting population and development policies that experience has shown could reduce future population numbers in developing countries below the additional five billion indicated in current United Nations medium projections, coupled with proven management programs in both developing and developed countries that could brake and reverse the depletion and degradation of natural resources.This article is adapted from: Robert Repetto, "Population, Resources, Environment; An Uncertain Future,"Population Bulletin, Vol. 42, No. 2 (Washington, D.C.: Population Reference Bureau, 1987).     

对甘肃新农村建设与人口计划生育管理和控制的思考

本文从甘肃省推进社会主义新农村建设进程中,对人口总量控制和人口素质提高方面,从加强农村计划生育服务设施建设,继续稳定农村低生育水平;增加扶贫投入,完善管理机制,提高使用效益;建立以政府投入为主渠道的事业投入保障机制,提高人口与计划生育经费投入的总体水平等方面进行论述。要着力解决好人口资源环境和经济社会发展之间的矛盾。     

西部开发中的人口问题研究

20 0 0年初 ,中国政府宣布 ,实施西部大开发战略。人口是社会经济发展的主体 ,加强对西部人口问题的研究 ,具有重要的理论和实践意义。控制人口增长是西部开发的基础 ,西部大开发不需要伴随人口数量的大幅度增长 ,相反要有效控制人口增长 ,要提高人口素质和调整人口结构 ;开发人口资源 ,是西部大开发的关键。人力资源是第一资源 ,人力资源可以改变自然资源 ,促进资本形成 ,推动技术创新 ;走可持续发展之路是西部大开发的目标。西部开发 ,不是盲目、无序、短期和掠夺式的开发 ,选择的目的是人口、资源、环境、经济、社会相互协调 ,可持续发展。     

Demography and Policy: A View from Outside the Discipline

Scientists, individually and through their national academies, have often pointed to the major role of population growth in damaging humanity's life‐support systems, emphasizing the overriding need for population stabilization. Demography and its practitioners, however, in focusing on technical analyses of population change and its components, have largely neglected these critical issues. Where they have taken an interest in population—environment relationships, their voices have been little heard in public debate and have had scant political impact. Demographers should promote their expertise more aggressively, in particular through a new environmental demography, modeled perhaps on environmental economics. This should be a collaborative enterprise with ecologists and other environmental scientists, concerned with issues of carrying capacity, encouraging and planning for future population reduction, and researching population policies that are humane and accord due attention to environmental sustainability.