政府行为、市场整合、工业集聚与地区差距——中国区域经济发展的经济学逻辑

要完善区域经济协调发展的理论,就应该在既有的文献和我们自己有关中国地区间差距和地方政府行为的系列研究的基础上,用一个一以贯之的经济学逻辑在市场整合、工业集聚、地区差距和地方保护主义这些与区域经济发展有关的问题之间建立联系,解释形成中国区域经济发展格局的地理、政策和历史因素,展望全球化、市场化和城市化进程中未来中国市场整合与工业集聚的趋势,提出区域经济合理布局的政策构想。     

浅论文化心理学研究中沟通平台的构建

文化心理学研究中存在＂不可通约＂,是因为研究者们囿于不同文化下的具体刺激所导致人们表现出的不同的心理与行为表现,而没有上升到刺激所具有的意义层面。而研究的＂可通约性＂有两个层次的含义,即：不同文化中具体刺激的、意义的、本质的、可对话交流的层面和表面的、可理解支持的层面。这为文化心理学研究中沟通平台的构建奠定了理论基础。     

气象信息产品的经济学分析

气象信息产品由于具有非竞争性和排他性特征,并且具有规模经济和极低的边际成本,因而是一种具有自然垄断性质的特殊的准公共产品。气象信息产品具有特殊的信息性特征。由于公共产品与私人产品之间并不是严格界定而不能转化的,因此作为准公共产品的气象信息产品在技术水平、市场范围、需求弹性发生变化的条件下可以向私人产品转化。     

The Puzzle of Stalin's Death

We receive many letters from readers in response to materials we have published. However, the editors' mail has perhaps never previously brought such anxious and excited letters as in its discussion of the problems of the founding and strengthening of families. A number of the responses have been published, but the pages of the paper could not carry them all. Hundreds of human documents have remained unpublished. It would have been too bad to bury them in the files. So many thoughts, offers of advice, and recommendations of the very greatest interest would have been lost: The editors consequently decided to turn to sociologists to ask them to analyze the readers' letters. G. Oshanin took an active part in writing the program and processing the letters. Today we publish the results of that piece of sociological research.     

Community development activities in the context of contracting

In Australia, as elsewhere, relations between government and community sector organisations^* have undergone fundamental change over the past decade. Economic rationalism and new manageralism have reshaped funding arrangements, seeing the widespread introduction of contracts with service specifications, performance measures and reporting requirements. Within the literature there is considerable anxiety about the impact contracting may have on the community development activities of community sector organisations. This article draws on the experience of over 500 community sector organisations that provide human services to explore how contractual arrangements have affected some aspects of their community development activities. The research findings suggest that, from the perspectives of organisations, the adverse impacts have been less than anticipated.     

Determinants of deglobalization: A hierarchical model to explore their interrelations as a conduit to policy

The world is moving towards the deglobalization era, and industrialized economies have marked its beginning. The present study aims to identify the interaction among the selected determinants that have brought the paradigm change. Numerous studies have been done to explore the determinants that have brought globalization; however, a few research pieces have been conducted to analyze the reasons behind the people’s displeasure after globalization. The contemporary study attempts to fill the above gap by studying the interplay among the determinants leading to the deglobalization process. We have used the modified total interpretive structural modeling to explore the relationship between the determinant that led to deglobalization. Incorporating polarity in TISM modeling has refined the model and made it more explanatory. The developed model is a novel initiative in studying the determinants that have led to the deglobalization process. In addition to it, we have also examined how the rising skepticism against globalization influences countries’ policy formation.     

Differentiation of welfare regimes: The case of Italy

The different welfare system classifications mainly address systems on the national level, while the local levels have not been considered in any great detail. The welfare reform measures adopted in some countries have led to more autonomy on the local level. Consequently, local authorities have adopted different social policies and developed diverse welfare services. This article addresses the case of Italy and shows that classifying a welfare regime by considering only the national level can lead to important local features being missed that are indeed relevant for its classification. The units of analysis are the 20 administrative regions of Italy. The results demonstrate that the Italian welfare system is far from being a homogeneous system and that the resources available on the local level have a considerable effect on the level of the welfare services provided. These results show that more attention needs to be directed at the local level.     

Problems of Self-Realization of Gifted Women

There is no need for complicated research or rigorous statistics to see that there is a glaring discrepancy between young girls' success in school and their accomplishments after they have grown up. This striking discrepancy is one that S. Olshen [24] has given the name "disappearing giftedness"; it cannot be accounted for solely by biological factors (for example, by differences in the structure of the brain or the presence of different hormones). T. V. Vinogradova and V. V. Semenov have noted, rightly, that in order to understand the situation "it will be necessary to have multifactorial models that take account of biological and psychological characteristics of women, as well as social determinants and the influence of the family, the schools, and stereotypes of sex roles" [3, p. 70]. These authors conclude that the development of such models is still a job for the future. We suggest that one reason for such a conclusion is that some aspects of possible models have not yet been adequately studied.     

Free trade and cheap theatre: sources of politics for the nineteenth-century London poor

The very poor and unskilled workers of mid-nineteenth-century London – often termed the ‘casual poor’ due to their irregularity of employment – have been generally portrayed as entirely apolitical, and to have exhibited purely mob responses to the issues of the day. This article suggests that we have not properly understood or ‘read’ the evidence we have of the attitudes towards politics of these people, and that we have assessed their actions purely within the framework of our own understandings. In particular, their views about Chartism, the major working-class political movement of the period, have been a key to how they have been perceived. But our understanding of these views has been distorted by what appeared to be their lack of knowledge of the ‘real’ aims of the movement. Instead, if we look at other types of evidence, such as from the theatre, we can find clues as to how their understandings of such conflicts may simply have been different, and so be able to explain in much more rational terms the actions and beliefs of this historically inarticulate group.     

Democracy and poverty: The implementation of social reforms in the countries of central and eastern Europe

Why has the political and economic transformation in Russia and central and eastern Europe been accompanied by deteriorating living standards? Many of the reform programmes have contained social elements, but these have been neglected in the implementation process. Certain barriers to change – mental, cultural, political and economic – have made the implementation difficult. Russia and central and eastern Europe have to pass through a problematic dual transformation, from authoritarianism to democracy and from centrally planned economies to market economies. Experiences from Latin America show that such transitions are virtually impossible. The social results from the transformations in central and eastern Europe have been disappointing, which has been documented by scholars in this field. Nevertheless, if the political and economic transformation processes continue, the prospectes for the future are relatively bright. But there is also a negative scenario with authoritarianism and civil war as endpoints. A more cautious transition to a market economy might improve social welfare and living standards.     

An analysis of current Australian program initiatives for children exposed to domestic violence

While services have been assisting women who have been victims of domestic violence for many years, it has only been in recent times, that children exposed to domestic violence have begun to receive attention by service providers as clients in their own right. A number of specialised programs have now been designed to meet the needs of these children by domestic violence services and agencies that have a child protection or child welfare/family support focus. This paper aims to describe the types of programs currently in operation across Australia which cater specifically for the needs of children who have been exposed to domestic violence by analysing programs listed on the Child Abuse Prevention Programs Database developed by the National Child Protection Clearinghouse. A number of suggestions are made with regard to the means by which therapeutic responses and research in this area could be enhanced.     

Personal reflections on 30 years of social work development in China

ABSTRACT

China has developed modern social work over the past 30 years, introducing new theories and models of good practice that have been drawn from diverse parts of globe. It has also made extensive contributions to disaster interventions based on its engagement in numerous calamities that have affected the population in China, including the devastating Wenchuan earthquake of 2008. More recently, its dynamic leaders have supported the development of social work in other Asian countries. I have been privileged to have developed a long-standing relationship with China, its culture and its history for many decades, even before I became a social worker. My social work colleagues have honoured me by strengthening this interest by providing many opportunities to walk alongside them. This article considers my personal reflections on a profession’s development through momentous world events, and China rightly deserves to celebrate its 30 years of growth and development.     

感觉的双重意义--德勒兹美学的一种诠释

文章深入分析了德勒兹的《感觉的逻辑》 ,阐明了感觉的逻辑就是“事件”本身的逻辑 ,进而分析了感觉的双重含义 :作为事实层面的感觉和作为可能性的感觉 ;并结合前者分析了传统美学的缺陷 ,结合后者论述了德勒兹的“无器官的肉体”概念即表明了肉体自身的开放与综合的状态。最后结合传播学理论引申了其感觉综合理论的意义     

Breaking away from the cycle of poverty: The case of Malaysian poor

This paper observes the poverty issues examined in Malaysia and proposes the need to study the poor who have broken the poverty chain. Most studies generally focus on only the poor, their reasons for being poor, various poverty alleviation methods and poverty with regard to measurement. However, it will be more insightful if studies are carried out on the poor who have broken the cycle of poverty. Research conducted in several countries on those who have come out of poverty indicate far-reaching implications to all stakeholders. Hence, such studies in Malaysia would give a better understanding of how some of the poor have broken the shackles of poverty and are leading a better life. It would be very valuable to understand the strategies they used in real life situations to overcome the fetters of poverty.     

In search of academic legitimacy: The current state of scholarship on graffiti and street art

Much has changed since the 1960s when the first scholarship on contemporary graffiti appeared. The current paper is an attempt to outline and contextualize a number of recurrent challenges facing researchers of graffiti and street art, as well as developments that have taken place in this scholarly field. The aim of creating this outline is to assist in increasing the amount, and improving the quality, of future scholarship on graffiti and street art. We recognize, however, that although many of the challenges have at one time seemed insurmountable, over time they have lessened as graffiti and street art have grown as art movements, and because a small cadre of tenacious scholars focusing on graffiti and street art has published and taught in this area. An increasing, though limited, number of academic venues focused on graffiti and street art scholarship has slowly emerged. We also recognize that with increased scholarship that has laid the foundation, new avenues to explore graffiti and street art have become apparent.     

An Analysis of Supervisor Support of Policies on Workplace Flexibility

ABSTRACT

Workplace flexibility policies provide workers with an opportunity to attain a healthy work–life balance. This study utilized a secondary data set of 658 supervisors from a study that was commissioned by the work–life office of a major university in the Southern United States to get a better understanding of the implementation of flexibility policies at this university. The purpose of examining this secondary data set was to determine whether supervisors who have caregiving responsibilities are more likely to be supportive of workplace flexibility policies than those with no caregiving responsibilities. The findings indicate that supervisors who have caregiving responsibilities are no more likely to be supportive of workplace flexibility than those with no caregiving responsibilities. This finding is important to those who have a vested interest in understanding factors that may promote or undermine workplace policies that have direct impact on workers and their families. Future research and recommendations for practice are made.     

The Public Finance Implications of Private Pensions: An Analysis with Special Reference to the United Kingdom

In an effort to take the costs of pensions "off the books", many have advocated giving a greater role to funded benefits, privately provided. However, where governments have adopted such an approach, they have both mandated contributions to the private schemes and sought, in the interests of consumer protection, to regulate them. Moreover, in many cases, either explicitly or implicitly, they have made some guarantees about the benefits that will be received. This paper, which makes special reference to plans and debates in the United Kingdom, argues that governments have, therefore, taken on some contingent liabilities, and that these liabilities have public finance implications. Even with privatization, not all the costs of pensions will be "off budget".     

论跨国公司的联盟竞争

2 0世纪 90年代以来 ,跨国公司之间广泛发展国际战略联盟 ,开展更高层次的竞争与合作。它区别于跨国公司间战术性合作 ,具有明显的战略动机。国际战略联盟提高了跨国公司的竞争力 ,改变了竞争的方式和竞争规则 ,对国际竞争产生重大影响。     

Characteristics of the Way of Life of Adolescents

The way of life, intentions, and values of the adolescents of Russia have been written about extensively both in the mass publications and in specialized youth journals. For the most part, these writings have to do with a group that is not very large—the young people of the capital city, who have considerably more opportunities for entertainment and education than their peers elsewhere in Russia and are better informed about world trends in music, fashions, and cinema. An article was published last year that described the plans and aspirations of the upper-grade students of schools in Moscow. The present article continues the topic, analyzing generational attitudes and values. The article makes use of the findings of an all-Russian survey which was conducted by the All-Russian Center for Public-Opinion Research in June 1998 among adolescents between the ages of sixteen and nineteen; 419 people were surveyed.