试析萨满癫狂术的心理生理机制

萨满的神灵附体现象是人类社会中普遍存在的迷狂文化的有机组成部分.它不是萨满的发明专利,萨满只不过对这一古老的致幻术掌握的比较熟练罢了.萨满神灵附体和一般人神灵附体的区别在于一般人的神灵附体现象是偶发性的,萨满的神灵附体现象则是经常性的,它是萨满巫术所不能缺少的有机组成部分.由于神灵附体现象是一种比较复杂的生理、心理、文化现象,所以有必要进行多学科、多角度的综合研究.     

仡佬族民居营造仪式中的巫祭现象解读

仡佬族历史悠久,是贵州高原最古老的的一个民族。仡佬族民居建筑是仡佬族精神的栖息之地,人神共居之所,在民居营造仪式中体现了独有的宇宙空间自然观以及神灵演化现象。对仡佬族民居建筑仪式的解读,从仡佬族对神灵的膜拜及心灵的体验中,可以窥探贵州这一古老民族在历时性演变中的生活信仰和精神追求,试图了解仡佬族建筑文化的演进历程及文化价值。     

黑非洲部落里的成人仪式

在非洲黑人部落中。至今仍保留着一些古老而神秘的宗教仪式,在那些看似蒙昧野蛮的仪式中,常常暗含着人类早期对生命的尊重以及对神灵的崇敬。     

藏族习惯法中的神明裁判探析

神明裁判作为一种法律文化现象,曾普遍存在于世界许多民族的历史中.藏民族神明裁判历史悠久,并一直延续到民主改革之前.神明裁判有其存在的认识、现实和程序制度基础;形式多样,内容丰富;具有古老性、宗教性、替代性、反科学性和终局性特点.其实质是审判人员利用本部落或地区通行的人们对神灵的虔诚和敬畏心理,依托神灵做出裁判的纠纷解决机制.在今日藏区,神明裁判在形式上虽然已不复存在,但受文化惯性影响,神明裁判的观念仍然存在.对其进行客观分析,理性批判,揭示其本质,既有利于维护藏区稳定,推动社会主义法治建设,也有利于和谐社会的构建.     

宋代道教与端午节俗的关系

端午是自先秦以来延续至今的、古老的中国节日之一。本文以宋代为样本,从神灵信仰、符箓文化、医药卫生思想、长生追求等四个方面探讨道教与端午节俗之间的关系,认为宋代端午节俗深受道教文化的影响,并进而指出这种关系对节日民俗文化和道教本身的影响。     

浅析青海汉族的神灵崇拜

神灵崇拜作为一种民俗现象存在于今天,反映了一种共同的民族心理。在青海东部汉族集居的地区,崇拜神灵这一精神民俗渗透到生产、生活、娱乐及意识形态领域的各个方面。可以说是无处不在,无时不存。青海汉族神灵崇拜虽源于中原文化,但也受地方原始宗教的影响,虽无完整意义上的教义与宗教组织,但神灵崇拜体系比较庞杂,一些祭神活动有明显的地域特色,这就决定了青海汉族神灵崇拜有其自身的一些特点。而神灵崇拜与当地社会生产、生活紧密联系在一起,不同程度地影响着生产的发展和生活的改善。     

苯教研究二题

西藏古代著名的“苯”就是“四门天苯”,对此《名称宝洲名》(sgrags-pa-rin-chen- gling-grags)[ka卷第13页正面6行)有记叙: 大臣斯囊达古(zi-nam-stag-gu)进言:“为护卫龙体,请让一辛波向洁净神灵祈愿,以便使神灵不降天谴,(大王)不被逐走他方,而是执掌社稷大政,请赶快商讨吧!”竹夏囊赛(gru-zha gnam-gsas)进言道:“若不让苯中精华‘四门天苯”护卫龙体,则必将寿元短促,时有不测。我还要再三重申,如果没有开示、四门天苯,的身辛 (Sku-gshen),那末夭鹏姜茹(lha-rgol lcam-ru)就烦躁不安”。对此大王心中仍然     

走近神秘恐怖的希瓦罗浓缩人头部落

南美洲被西班牙人征服之后,希瓦罗族是少数残存下来并且顽强保留着自己民族特征的印第安部族之一。他们至今仍沿袭着浓缩人头的古老习俗,对缩制人头非常在行。他们将敌人脑袋砍下来,进行一番神秘仪式后缩制成拳头般大小,以充分牵制和占有对方的灵魂,使不散的阴灵永远不得翻身……     

地方神灵民间信仰与民众生活的互动联系——以黄道婆、王元(日韦)等地方神灵为例

中国地方神灵民间信仰与民众生活联系紧密,是一个具有深远意义的研究课题.地方神灵民间信仰所奉祀的地方神,几乎都是由当地的历史人物神化而成.他们生前都有某一方面的好名声,神化后,成为具有某种功能的神主.本文以浙江温州市永嘉县蓬溪村石压娘娘、上海鸟泥泾黄道婆和浙江鄞州区鄞江镇王元(日韦)等民间地方神灵信仰的田野调查为基础,分析了中国民间地方神灵信仰与西方宗教的差异,论述了民间地方神灵信仰作为民众生活需求的产物所具有的独特时代性,强调了地方神灵民间信仰中的道德观念所具有的社会伦理价值,对当前我国现代化进程中进一步凝聚民族性具有的启发意义.     

"三皇"和"五帝":华夏谱系之由来

梳理"三皇五帝"的帝王谱系,指出其如何在华夏大一统的现实政治需要背景下逐步产生.也就是说,研讨在上古原属不同部族集团的传说人物和祖先神灵,怎样经过历史学家、经学家多次编排与整合,渐次形成华夏族一脉相承的"三皇五帝"谱系,并不断地为"实体中国"提供大一统的文化心理认同.     

The Socioeconomic Attainments of Non-immigrant Cambodian, Filipino, Hmong, Laotian, Thai, and Vietnamese Americans

Using recent American Community Survey data, this study investigates socioeconomic attainments of six ethnic groups of Southeast Asian Americans. Findings show that the educational attainment of Filipinos, Vietnamese, and Thai is higher than that of whites, while the educational attainment of Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians is lower than that of whites. Regarding earnings, Southeast Asian American women are generally not disadvantaged relative to white women, but Southeast Asian American men tend to have lower earnings than white men after controlling for education and other demographic factors such as age, metropolitan residence, and region. We conclude that Cambodians, Hmong, and Laotians are the most disadvantaged groups among Southeast Asian Americans and that most Southeast Asian American male groups tend to be at least slightly disadvantaged in the labor market at least after controlling for metropolitan residence and region.     

辽、金、元时期的利州

现今的辽宁省喀左蒙古族自治县在辽、金、元时期曾设置利州。利州位于辽宁西部,当辽、金、元三朝建都北京之时,这里曾是三朝的重要后方,对这三朝政权巩固有很大作用。然而在历史资料记载中关于利州、也就是今日的喀左蒙古族自治县的记载却不多见,本文通过考古发掘的资料,加之点滴史料记载,大致勾画出当年的基本情况,以求对东北地方史和东北民族史的研究有所裨益。     

革命,民族,现代性——关于中共陕甘宁边区政府回族干部的考论

抗日战争时期,在团结抗日的目标条件下,群众团体成为中国社会各阶层的动员和组织的重要形式。在众多回族抗日群众团体中,成立于1938年的中国回民救国协会是影响深远的回族群众团体,为了更好地动员和团结各民族,1940年在延安成立了第一个少数民族抗日群众团体—延安回民救国协会,同年还成立了中国回民救国协会陕甘宁分会。通过对延安回民救国协会的观察和研究,以及对回族基层干部的关注,可以了解到回族基层干部主要是中共中央基层组织培养和教育的结果。本文以金浪白和马文良为例,研究他们的经历、参加中国革命的契机,以及他们在中国共产党回族政策中的作用。此外,通过对其他回族干部来源调查,研究中国共产党如何选拔录用回族干部,并与鄂豫皖根据地选拔与录用干部方式的加以比较,探讨回族干部选拔录取方式的特点,提出有关回族妇女干部的新观点。     

试谈民族传统文化的本质、特点及其保护与发展

本文通过对我国现今的传统文化过热的原因和本质的分析,论证出民族传统文化是动态存在的文化现象,并根据其本质和特点提出了传统文化保护与发展的策略.     

Islam,Moderation, Radicalism,and Justly Balanced Communities

If media outlets and political rhetoric are to be believed, then the way to counter “radical” Islam is through “moderate” Islam. Seemingly, “moderate” Islam is that which “radical” Islam is not. In appointing “moderate” Islam as an antidote to “radical” Islam, the implication is that, conceptually at least, the two terms are contradistinctive. Yet, while much is, perceivably, known about “radical” Islam, with its associated ills of an unequivocal Islamic worldview, very little attention has been afforded to this signifier, “moderate”. Inasmuch as this term is bandied around, even scholars of Islam will acknowledge that, within Islamic education, understandings of and debates on conceptions of moderation, and moderate Muslim communities, have been somewhat overlooked. What, therefore, is a “moderate” Islam? What is a “moderate” Muslim community and how would it act? What are the implications for a “moderate” community in relation to pluralist societies? And, can such a “moderate” community offer a practical response not only to “radical” Islam, but, perhaps, more importantly, to increasingly antagonistic, liberal contexts?     

A tale of four cities: the boundaries of blackness for Ethiopian immigrants in Washington,DC, Tel Aviv,Rome, and Melbourne

ABSTRACT

Scholars increasingly view urban areas as fragmented spaces where migrants are policed in ways that promote differential access to mobility, but the glocal meanings of race are often undertheorized. This paper explores the mobility experiences of Ethiopian migrants in four cities: Washington, DC, Tel Aviv, Rome, and Melbourne. Using a textual analysis of newspaper coverage in each city, the analysis finds that media and police often act as agents who racialize Ethiopian migrants relative to native minorities and other migrants. The paper concludes that the experiences Ethiopian immigrants faced in urban areas were informed by glocal meanings of race (blackness); they were shaped in relation to not only other migrants and native minorities, but also a globalized discourse on immigration.     

越老泰缅各国瑶族人口分布、来源和称谓--海外瑶族研究论文之二

对越、老、泰、缅各国的人口分布、支系与称谓、来源和迁徙作了详细的讨论,迁徙海外的瑶族主要集中在这四个国家,且只有盘瑶和蓝靛瑶等2个支系,他们都来源于中国.     

赫哲萨满派系、种类、名称和职能

本文通过史料考证和实地调查,将过去赫哲族萨满分工的三类、四类、五类、六类、七类等说,规范为五类。同时,对赫哲萨满名称的不同称谓,按照国际音标标音统一了称谓。     

Evaluations of patriotism across countries,groups, and policy domains

Numerous studies have examined the level of patriotism across countries, the factors that shape patriotic feelings, and the ways in which diverse dimensions of patriotism are related to a broad set of attitudes and behaviours. Citizen evaluation of patriotism, in particular in the context of majorities and minorities, has seldom been investigated, however. Exploring this issue, this paper discusses the ways in which majorities and minorities view the consequences of patriotism and whether their attitudes are affected by inclusive state policies. Analysing public views of patriotism across countries, it found that (a) patriotism is viewed more positively than negatively in nearly all the countries included in the survey; (b) on average, majorities hold more positive views of patriotism than minorities; (c) minorities in countries governed by more exclusive policies tend to regard patriotism more negatively than those in countries governed by more inclusive policies; and (d) the more inclusive the policy, the more negatively majorities perceive patriotism. These findings are discussed in light of the normative debate regarding patriotism.     

Migration,masculinity, and family

Previous studies of migration, family, and gender have shown that migration is not only an event that changes family life, the change itself is a gendered process. How migrant women develop strategies to cope with challenges posed by either their own migration or their husbands’ migration has been widely studied. However, how migrant men adjust and change their care practices and domestic roles to accommodate challenges brought about by migration to their family lives has not been as extensively explored. Using interview data gathered from male rural-to-urban migrant workers in South China, this paper fills this gap by studying male migrants’ agency and masculinity through the concept of masculine compromise. Masculine compromise delineates how migrant men strive to respond to changing family circumstances triggered by migration while maintaining the gender boundaries that underpin their dominance within the family. As a concept, masculine compromise underscores the material impact of migration on gender practices and family life; and the limited effect it has on gender attitudes and identity. Masculine compromise provides a feminist lens to analyse the complex effect of migration on changing masculinity and gender relationships within the family.