马克思自然观中的人与自然和谐思想

从对追求人与自然统一和谐的视野来看,马克思自然观中有着极其丰富和深刻的人与自然和谐思想,而且是现代意义上的生态哲学思想。马克思把对资本主义的生态批判放在对资本主义的社会批判中深刻地揭示了当代生态环境危机的根源,把自然的复活与人的解放联系起来,认为只有人的全面解放的共产主义社会,才能实现人与自然的真正和谐。这一深邃的人与自然和谐思想对建设当代人与自然和谐之道和人与自然和谐社会都具有现实的启迪意义。     

马克思主义生态文明观在当代中国的新发展

从马克思主义的整体性解读马克思恩格斯的生态文明思想,它的主要内容有三个方面;一是马克思恩格斯人与自然和谐统一的生态文明理论取向;二是社会主义、共产主义学说的生态文明观意蕴;三是生态文明是人类文明结构的基本要素.中国学者时马克思的生态文明观的全面继承和创造性发展,以及当代中国社会主义现代文明发展的伟大实践,都充分显示了马克思的生态文明观在现时代的科学价值和强大生命办.     

探究科学发展观与环境伦理问题

科学发展观是把坚持以人为本和实现经济与社会全面、协调、可持续发展统一起来,按照“五个统筹”的要求推进改革和发展。环境伦理主要研究人与自然的道德关系,主张人与自然和谐共处,它与科学发展观中的坚持可持续发展、统筹人与自然和谐发展在价值上存在着一致性。科学发展观是环境伦理学与中国实践相结合的科学阐释,它体现了环境伦理的价值观,是中国人民长远利益的必然的正确的选择。     

以中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态——基于个人存在形态的历史唯物主义解析

有生命的个人能够存在,就有了历史;有生命个人愿意存在,就有了历史的不断发展与进步的可能性;有生命的个人能够文明存在,是人类孜孜以求的美好生活范式。资本主义现代化发展的“迷雾”使民众陷入“虚幻共同体”之中,个人被这种虚幻性裹挟与束缚,人与自然、人与社会、人与人的关系从根本上扭曲甚至消解了人的美好生活需求,个人美好生活的理想样态被现实无情地加以拒斥,其自由与全面发展只能成为虚幻。解决此问题的路径指向中国式现代化所铸就的“人类文明新形态”,注重人与自然、人与社会、人与人以及人自身的和谐关系、生命体验与价值遵循,坚持人民至上的价值立场,注重文明发展的平衡性与协调性,以全人类共同价值为基本遵循,在更高、更广的场域内拓展了人类文明形态的基本内涵。     

北京奥运会与和谐伦理精神

奥运会包含了强烈的生命伦理精神与社会伦理精神。2008年北京奥运会从人与人、人与社会、人与自然角度,对奥运会进行了新理解,是奥运会理念发展的新阶段,充分彰显了和谐的时代意义。从整体来看,北京奥运会突出了人与自然的和谐;突出了人与社会的和谐;突出了人与自我的和谐。在当前,要以北京奥运会为契机,弘扬和谐精神,推进社会与人的发展。     

科学发展与社会和谐的内在统一——学习党的十七大报告的体会

党的十七大报告提出了“科学发展和社会和谐是内在统一”的科学论断，这是运用唯物辩证法思考中国传统文化中的和谐思维而得出的崭新结论。和谐作为一个普遍的哲学范畴，是指事物发展的良好状态；社会和谐是指在以人为价值判断主体的生活中，社会各个要素处于互相促进与协调发展的良好关系。党的十七大报告提出的科学发展观，揭示了社会和谐的本质及其重要方面。当代中国的和谐社会建设必须摒弃传统发展观，坚定地以科学发展观为行动指导。     

中西方和谐社会畅想的文化根源

中西方关于和谐社会的畅想是人类丰厚的文化积淀。中国传统文化中的和谐思想主要表现在人与自然的和谐、人与人的和谐、人与自身的和谐及人与社会的和谐等四大文化意识范畴;西方文化中的和谐社会畅想分为五个重要的历史时期,集中展现为哲学与美学相统一的“理想国”、虚幻的永恒和谐的“上帝之城”、文学浪漫气息浓郁的“乌托邦”、唯理论阶段的“理想社会”及理论与实践并行的“价值追求”等丰富多彩的论述、梦想、设想和实践。中西方传统文化中的和谐社会畅想的丰富思想内涵,是中国共产党新一届领导集体提出的和谐社会构建理论的优秀沃土和文化渊源。     

论地球生命共同体理念的逻辑构造

地球生命共同体是习近平总书记提出的全新概念，是指导中国式现代化建设的重要理论来源。要使地球生命共同体理念成为指导我国环境立法、实现生态文明的科学依据，需要深刻理解地球生命共同体理念的内涵与逻辑构造。地球生命共同体理念贯穿了自然生命共同体、人与自然生命共同体和人类命运共同体理念，其逻辑起点是以人为本，而非以生态、资本为本，其逻辑要义是以新发展观、新生产力观、新文明观组成的经济发展和生态保护辩证统一，其逻辑指向是坚持环境正义的人类命运共生发展。地球生命共同体理念将自然—人类—社会三者进行有机统一，坚持人类的根本利益，从地球整体视角统筹人类的生存与发展，重视人与自然的和谐关系，重塑发展和环保的联系，追求人与人之间的环境正义，以建设清洁美丽的世界。     

准确把握马克思人的本质思想的科学方法及其当代意义

构建我国社会主义和谐社会,实现人与自然、人与社会、人与自身的和谐,需要对马克思人的本质思想进行准确的把握.通过运用比较的方法、历史生成的方法、媒介的方法和从理想与现实、从应然与实然的具体历史相统一的方法对马克思人的本质进行研究,为揭示社会历史的本质、人和自然关系、社会经济现象、社会政治现象提供科学的理论指导,为建立科学共产主义学说提供线索,同时还为构建我国和谐社会、科学研究我国现代人的发展、肯定人的价值、贯彻"以人为本"的发展观提供理论与现实根据.     

劳动异质性的自然社会机制及相互作用

面对日益复杂多变的劳动异质性,以往经济学的“同质化认知模式”难以应对,需要树立新的“异质化的认知模式”。劳动异质性是自然性与社会性相互作用的有机统一,自然性、社会性以及二者结合的变异都可能引起劳动异质性。人类世界和谐发展,需要处理好和谐与发展的关系。实现和谐与发展,人与自然要和谐。自然性与社会性的和谐是人与自然和谐的本质,核心是劳动自然性与社会性的和谐。实现劳动和谐是研究劳动异质性的意义所在。     

Considering Improvisation: Play,Transitional Space,and Discovery

This article explores the concept of improvisation in the therapeutic setting as a complex construction when elaborated in the idiom of jazz music. A composite clinical case is offered that illustrates an impasse and how improvisational thinking offers a way forward. Improvisation has recently been conceptualized through the metaphor of theater improvisation, dance, and rhythm. The therapeutic hour is considered an improvisational dialogue with the main theme (melody) and counter melodies, and harmonic possibilities that underlie the rhythmic pulse of the hour. Improvisation requires a reflective/interpretive process that draws on patterns, structures, and experiences reformulated in the relational field of the participants. The client initiates the call and response pattern, from which improvisation emerges as a mutual process of discovery. A more relaxed, receptive, and reflective posture extends Winnicott’s 1971 notion of play to integrate classic understanding and relational interaction.     

Abstracts of theses: Smith College School for Social Work,July 1954

Abstract

Many clients relate in ways that elicit emotional responses in practitioners and may also feel pressure to intervene when appropriate action is not yet clear. Practitioners must develop sufficient self-awareness so their own reactions do not interfere with the work they do with clients. Educators exhort their students to be self-aware, but locating methods that foster the capacity can be difficult. Infant observation is an elegant training model that helps to develop self-awareness. The method described here makes use of regular observation, supportive small groups, and repeated detailed examination of what is seen in training both generalist and specialized practitioners. It has become a prototype for the observational study of several kinds of specific populations. Because it attends to people in their own environments and demonstrates a flexible, reflective, multi-modal manner of information-gathering, infant observation is particularly useful in the education of social work practitioners.     

India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Act: Assessing the quality of access and adequacy of benefits in MGNREGS public works

The extension of social protection to all has become a central policy objective, both nationally and internationally. A considerable number of middle‐ and low‐income countries have undertaken substantial efforts to extend social protection, while the international community reaffirmed its commitment to the extension of social protection through the adoption of the ILO Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social Protection, No. 202 (2012). This article reviews the legal provisions and the implementation of the Indian Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), legislated in 2005, and does so in the light of the more recent provisions of ILO Recommendation No. 202. Since its introduction ten years ago, MGNREGA has provided a source of income to rural workers, increased wage rates, achieved high female participation rates and created durable assets. India's local governance bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), have been empowered and involved in the processes of planning and monitoring. However, despite successes, there have been considerable shortcomings in implementation. This article highlights two central themes: first, the innovative policy framework of the Act, which brings together rights‐based entitlements, demand‐driven employment, and citizen‐centred monitoring. Second, it assesses the accessibility and adequacy of benefits in the implementation of MGNREGA. We conclude that MGNREGA offers potential for South‐South learning, both in terms of policy‐design and implementation.     

From “Either‐Or” to “When and How”: A Context‐Dependent Model of Culture in Action

In this article, I outline a framework for the sociological study of culture that connects three intertwined elements of human culture (cultural motivations, resources, and meanings) and demonstrates the concrete contexts under which each most critically influences actions and their subsequent outcomes. In contrast to models that cast motivations, resources, and meanings as competing explanations of how culture affects action, I argue that these are fundamental constituent elements of culture that are inseparable, interdependent, and simultaneously operative. Which element provides the strongest link to action, and how this link operates, must be understood as a function of the actor's position within wider social contexts. I argue that on average motivations have the most discernable link to action within a social strata, cultural resources provide the strongest link across strata, and meanings have the greatest direct influence when codified and sanctioned. I then offer a reframing and synthesis that reintegrates previously “competing” theories of culture into a more holistic context‐dependent model of culture in action. Finally, I use evidence from prior empirical research, as well as new data from an ongoing ethnographic study of health behaviors among the aged, to show how various elements of culture are concretely linked to action in eight different social contexts. In doing so, I provide a roadmap for the transition out of the “either‐or” logic underlying much of cultural theory and reemphasize the importance of the classical sociological concern for “when” and “how” various aspects of culture influence action and outcomes in concrete social contexts.     

Microinsurance: A short history

Twenty years ago, the International Social Security Review published an article that introduced a new term to the vocabulary of development and social protection: Microinsurance. Now, twenty years later, it is suitable to take stock of the contribution of microinsurance towards promoting coverage and social security. The article reviews the main insights gained from 20 years of implementation, including a clear expression of the value proposition of health microinsurance, understanding the demand for microinsurance, the business process for successful implementation, and conditions that must be satisfied for scaling and sustainable operations. It also explains the context that led to a considerable divergence in the microinsurance space. The article offers a discussion of unresolved issues and thoughts about the future of microinsurance. The conclusion of this article is that microinsurance can flourish when the necessary four pillars for its implementation exist, namely mainstreaming through political support, enhanced insurance literacy of the customers, technical assistance to self‐administer the schemes, and availability of seed capital. The sufficient additional condition is that customers perceive microinsurance as offering welfare gains that cannot be obtained by other means.     

Culture,Place of Origin,and Service Delivery for Latino Older Adult Immigrants: The Case of Puerto Rican Older Adults

ABSTRACT

A conceptual model for the design and implementation of effective social services for Latino older adult immigrants in the United States is proposed in this article. Built on the stage-of-migration framework (Drachman, 1992 Drachman, D. 1992. A stage-of-migration framework for service to immigrant populations. Social Work, 37: 68–72. [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), the model presented shows how the premigration service experience of Latino older adults can be used as a basis for service design and implementation in the country of immigration. The case of Puerto Rican older adult immigrants is used to illustrate how the model can be applied to understand present service utilization and develop future programs that are useful and culturally sensitive for Latino older adult immigrants.     

Identifying Themes Regarding the Benefits and Limitations of Caregiver Support Group Conversations

Support groups continue to be one of the most needed and desired forms of help for family caregivers to persons with dementia. Though the effects of caregiver support group participation have been examined, the benefits and limitations of the dynamics of support group conversations have been neglected. This study focuses on the perceived consequences of group dynamics. Three themes—balance, sameness, and individuality—emerged through analysis of open-ended interviews with support group members following observations of their meetings. The consequences of these themes are illustrated with a case study and the implications of these themes for practitioners are discussed.     

Sonic Armatures

ABSTRACT

This article traces the construction of an acoustic regime in Renaissance Florence that was based on the casting, placement, and ringing of civic bells. In confronting the formidable but mute power of the defensive towers that dominated the city's skyline in the late middle ages, successive republican governments regulated these private towers with legislative restrictions while transforming them into a speaking architecture. The new civic bell towers played a crucial, if hitherto neglected role in the struggle to create the Florentine republic, which was the political ground upon which the cultural phenomenon of the Renaissance was founded. In contrast to the more antagonistic urbanistic policies that Florentine governments used to combat their enemies, however, the ringing of civic bells exploited the unifying power of religious bells—a power embedded in their role in uniting people into spiritual communities—to integrate its ideals, laws, and institutions into the soundscape of the city. As a result, the sonic armature created by these bells can be read as an evolving attempt to bind the social body to its architectural environment and to create a universal civic society that transcended more localized loyalties and whose existence guaranteed the legitimacy of its ruling bodies.     

时间与海德格尔的“时间性”

本文不是试图对海德格尔进行解释 ,而是试图从文本本身的角度质疑《存在与时间》中概念的矛盾性。《存在与时间》建立了一种新的 ,关于时间始源性问题的学说。时间的始源 ,被海德格尔称为“时间性”。时间性在此在分析中有中心地位 ,对时间作出了新的解释。然而时间性本身却是一个矛盾概念。时间性源于死的本真性 ;死所以是最本真的 ,因为死是必须此在自己去承担的存在可能性。如果以是否自己去承担为标准 ,那么此在能承担的存在可能性并不只有死。所以死不可能是最本真的。因而 ,时间性也不可能是始源性的时间学说。文章通过对时间性的分析指出 ,时间性学说是建立在对于时间的一般理解之上的。